THE WORLD'S ANTI-SLAVERY CONVENTION, LONDON, JUNE 12, 1840.
Individualism rather than Authority-Personal appearance of Abolitionists-At-
tempt to silence Woman-Double battle against the tyranny of sex and color-
Bigoted Abolitionists-James G. Birney likes freedom on a Southern plantation,
but not at his own fireside-John Bull never dreamt that Woman would answer
his call-The venerable Thomas Clarkson received by the Convention standing—
Lengthy debate on "Female" delegates-The "Females" rejected-William
Lloyd Garrison refusing to sit in the Convention

CHAPTER IV.

NEW YORK.

The First Woman's Rights Convention, Seneca Falls, July 19-20, 1848-Propert;
Rights of Women secured-Judge Fine, George Geddes, and Mr. Hadley pushing
the Bill through-Danger of meddling with well-settled conditions of domestic
happiness-Mrs. Barbara Hertell's will-Richard Hunt's tea-table-The eventful
day James Mott President-Declaration of sentiments-Convention in Roches-
ter-Opposition with Bible arguments

CHAPTER V.

MRS. COLLINS' REMINISCENCES.

The first Suffrage Society-Methodist class-leader whips his wife-Theology en-
chains the soul-The status of women and slaves the same-The first medical
college opened to women-Petitions to the Legislature laughed at, and laid on
the table-Dependence woman's best protection; her weakness her sweetest charm
-Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell's letter-Sketch of Ernestine L. Rose.

50

63

88

CHAPTER VI.

OHIO.

The promised land of fugitives—“ Uncle Tom's Cabin ”—Salem Convention, 1850-
Akron, 1851-Massilon, 1852-The address to the women of Ohio-The Moham-
medan law forbidding pigs, dogs, women, and other impure animals to enter a
Mosque-The New York Tribune-Cleveland Convention, 1853-Hon. Joshua R.
Giddings-Letter from Horace Greeley-A glowing eulogy to Mary Wollstone-
craft-William Henry Channing's Declaration -The pulpit and public sen-
timent President Asa Mahan debates - The Rev. Dr. Nevin pulls Mr. Garri-
son's nose-Antoinette L. Brown describes her exit from the World's Temper-
ance Convention-Cincinnati Convention, 1855-Jane Elizabeth Jones' Report,
1861

-

CHAPTER VII.

REMINISCENCES BY CLARINA I. HOWARD NICHOLS.

VERMONT: Editor Windham County Democrat-Property Laws, 1847 and 1849-
Address to the Legislature on school suffrage, 1852.

WISCONSIN: Woman's State Temperance Society-Lydia F. Fowler in company-
Opposition of Clergy-" Woman's Rights" wouldn't do-Advertised "Men's
Rights."

KANSAS: Free State Emigration, 1854-Gov. Robinson and Senator Pomeroy-
Woman's Rights speeches on Steamboat, and at Lawrence-Constitutional Con-
vention, 1859-State Woman Suffrage Association-John O. Wattles, President-
Aid from the Francis Jackson Fund-Canvassing the State-School Suffrage
gained.

MISSOURI: Lecturing at St. Joseph, 1858, on Col. Scott's invitation-Westport and
the John Brown raid, 1859-St. Louis, 1854-Frances D. Gage, Rev. Wm. G.
Eliot, and Rev. Mr. Weaver

101

. 171

CHAPTER VIII.

MASSACHUSETTS.

Women in the Revolution-Anti-Tea Leagues-Phillis Wheatley-Mistress Anne
Hutchinson-Heroines in the Slavery Conflict-Women Voting under the Colo-
nial Charter-Mary Upton Ferrin Petitions the Legislature in 1848-Woman's
Rights Convention in 1850, '51-Letter of Harriet Martineau from England-Let-
ter of Jeannie Deroine from a Prison Cell in Paris-Editorial from The Christian
Enquirer-The Una, edited by Paulina Wright Davis-Constitutional Convention
in 1853-Before the Legislature in 1857-Harriot K. Hunt's Protest against Taxa-
tion-Lucy Stone's Protest against the Marriage Laws-Boston Conventions-
Theodore Parker on Woman's Position

201

CHAPTER IX.

INDIANA AND WISCONSIN.

Indiana Missionary Station-Gen. Arthur St. Clair-Indian surprises-The terrible
war-whoop-One hundred women join the army, and are killed fighting bravely
-Prairie schooners-Manufactures in the hands of women-Admitted to the
Union in 1816-Robert Dale Owen-Woman Suffrage Conventions-Wisconsin-
C. L. Sholes' report

290

Contents.

CHAPTER X.

PENNSYLVANIA.

William Penn-Independence Hall--British troops-Heroism of women-Lydia Dar-
rah-Who designed the Flag-Anti-slavery movements in Philadelphia-Pennsyl-
vania Hall destroyed by a mob-David Paul Brown-Fugitives-Millard Fillmore
-John Brown-Angelina Grimké-Abby Kelly-Mary Grew-Temperance in 1848
-Hannah Darlington and Ann Preston before the Legislature-Medical College
for Women in 1850-Westchester Woman's Rights Convention, 1852-Philadel-
phía Convention, 1854-Lucretia Mott answers Richard H. Dana-Jane Grey
Swisshelm-Sarah Josepha Hale-Anna McDowell-Rachel Foster searching
the records-Sketch of Angelina Grimké.

CHAPTER XI.

LUCRETIA MOTT.

Eulogy at the Memorial Services held at Washington by the National Woman Suf-
frage Association, January 19, 1881. By Elizabeth Cady Stanton

CHAPTER XII.

NEW JERSEY.

Tory feeling in New Jersey-Hannah Arnett rebuked the traitor spirit-Mrs. Dissos-
way rejects all proposals to disloyalty-Triumphal arch erected by the ladies of
Trenton in honor of Washington-His letter to the ladies-The origin of Woman
Suffrage in New Jersey-A paper read by William A. Whitehead before the His-
torical Society-Defects in the Constitution of New Jersey-A singular pamphlet
called "Eumenes "- Opinion of Hon. Charles James Fox-Mr. Whitehead
reviewed

11

820

407

441

CHAPTER XIII.

MRS. STANTON'S REMINISCENCES.

Mrs. Stanton's and Miss Anthony's first meeting-An objective view of these ladies
from a friend's standpoint─A glimpse at their private life-The pronuncia-
mentos they issued from the fireside-Mrs. Wright, Mrs. Seward, Mrs. Worden,
Mrs. Mott, in council-How Mrs. Worden voted-Ladies at Newport dancing
with low necks and short sleeves, and objecting to the publicity of the plat-
form-Senator Seward discussing Woman's Rights at a dinner-party-Mrs. Sew-
ard declares herself a friend to the reform-A magnetic circle in Central New
York-Matilda Joslyn Gage: her early education and ancestors—A series of
Anti-Slavery Conventions from Buffalo to Albany-Mobbed at every point-
Mayor Thatcher maintains order in the Convention at the Capital-Great excite-
ment over a fugitive wife from the insane asylum-The Bloomer costume-Ger-
rit Smith's home.

456

CHAPTER XIV.

NEW YORK.

First Steps in New York-Woman's Temperance Convention, Albany, January,
1852-New York Woman's State Temperance Society, Rochester, April, 1852-
Women before the Legislature pleading for a Maine Law-Women rejected
as Delegates to Men's State Conventions at Albany and Syracuse, 1852; at the

Brick Church Meeting and World's Temperance Convention in New York, 1853 -Horace Greeley defends the Rights of Women in The New York Tribune-The Teachers' State Conventions-The Syracuse National Woman's Rights Conven. tion, 1852-Mob in the Broadway Tabernacle Woman's Rights Convention through two days, 1853-State Woman's Rights Convention at Rochester, December, 1853-Albany Convention, February, 1854, and Hearing before the Legislature demanding the Right of Suffrage—A State Committee appointed-Susan B. Anthony General Agent-Conventions at Saratoga Springs, 1854, '55, '59— Annual State Conventions with Legislative Hearings and Reports of Committees, until the War-Married Women's Property Law, 1860-Bill before the Legislature Granting Divorce for Drunkenness-Horace Greeley and Thurlow Weed oppose it-Ernestine L. Rose, Lucretia Mott, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton Address the Legislature in favor of the Bill-Robert Dale Owen defends the Measure in The New York Tribune-National Woman's Rights Conventions in New York City, 1856, '58, 59, '60-Status of the Woman's Rights Movement at the Opening of the War, 1861

472

CHAPTER XV.

WOMAN, CHURCH, AND STATE.

Woman ander old religions-Woman took part in offices of early Christian Church Councils-Original sin-Celibacy of the clergy-Their degrading sensualityFeudalism-Marriage-Debasing externals and daring ideas-Witchcraft-Three striking points for consideration-Burning of Witches-Witchcraft in New England-Marriage with devils—Rights of property not recognized in woman—Wife ownership-Women legislated for as slaves-Marriage under the Greek ChurchThe Salic and Cromwellian eras-The Reformation-Woman under monastic rules in the home-The Mormon doctrine regarding woman; its logical result-Milton responsible for many existing views in regard to woman-Woman's subordination taught to-day-The See trial-Right Rev. Coxe-Rev. Knox-Little-Pan-Presbyterians-Quakers not as liberal as they have been considered-Restrictive action of the Methodist Church-Offensive debate upon ordaining Miss Oliver-The Episcopal Church and its restrictions-Sunday-school teachings-Week-day school teachings-Sermon upon woman's subordination by the President of a Baptist Theological Seminary-Professor Christlieb of Germany-" Dear, will you bring me my shawl?"-Female sex looked upon as a degradation—A sacrilegious child-Secretary Evarts, in the Beecher-Tilton trial, upon woman's subordination -Women degraded in science and education-Large-hearted men upon woman's degradation-Wives still sold in the market-place as "mares," by a halter around their necks-Degrading servile labor performed by woman in Christian countries -A lower degradation—“Queen's women "-" Government women"-Interpolations in the Bible-Letter from Howard Crosby, D.D., LL.D.

APPENDIX,

753

801

INTRODUCTION.

THE prolonged slavery of woman is the darkest page in human history. A survey of the condition of the race through those barbarous periods, when physical force governed the world, when the motto, "might makes right," was the law, enables one to account for the origin of woman's subjection to man without referring the fact to the general inferiority of the sex, or Nature's law.

Writers on this question differ as to the cause of the universal degradation of woman in all periods and nations.

One of the greatest minds of the century has thrown a ray of light on this gloomy picture by tracing the origin of woman's slavery to the same principle of selfishness and love of power in man that has thus far dominated all weaker nations and classes. This brings hope of final emancipation, for as all nations and classes are gradually, one after another, asserting and maintaining their independence, the path is clear for woman to follow. The slavish instinct of an oppressed class has led her to toil patiently through the ages, giving all and asking little, cheerfully sharing with man all perils and privations by land and sea, that husband and sons might attain honor and success. Justice and freedom for herself is her latest and highest demand.

Another writer asserts that the tyranny of man over woman has its roots, after all, in his nobler feelings; his love, his chivalry, and his desire to protect woman in the barbarous periods of pillage, lust, and war. But wherever the roots may be traced, the results at this hour are equally disastrous to woman. Her best interests and happiness do not seem to have been consulted in the arrangements made for her protection. She has been bought and sold, caressed and crucified at the will and pleasure of her master. But if a chivalrous desire to protect woman has always been the mainspring of man's dominion over her, it should have prompted him to place in her hands the same weapons of defense he has found to be most effective against wrong and oppression.