Rosas, styled the illustrious and virtuous Orribe, was, in it, at once general and executioner.

Let us borrow a few pages from those tables of blood, published by South America, and upon which, as a plaintive mother for the present, and as an avenging goddess for the future, she has enregistered ten thousand assassinations. Let us take them at hazard from the reports made to Rosas by his officers and agents.

General Don Mariano Acha, who served in the army opposed to Rosas, defended San Juan, and, on the 22nd of August, 1841, surrendered after a resistance of forty-eight hours. Don José-Santos Ramirez, one of Rosas' officers, then transmitted to the government from San Juan the official report of this event. In it is this sentence :-Everything is in our power, but with pardon guaranteed to all the prisoners. Among them is a son of la Madrid.

Take number 2067 of the Diario de la Tarde, that is to say, the evening journal of Buenos Ayres, of the 22nd of October, 1841, and look at the official report of José-Santos Ramirez, which states the guarantee of life for the prisoners, and you will be able to write this paragraph :—

"Desaguedero, Sept. 22nd, 1841. "The pretended Unitarian savage, Mariano Acha, was decapitated yesterday, and his head exposed to the public gaze.

"Signed,

ANGEL PACHECO."

Let us be careful not to confound this Angel Pacheco, one of Rosas' lieutenants, with his cousin Pacheco y Obes, one of his most inveterate enemies.

But, stop! Remember that in the report of SantosRamirez, this sentence is to be found:

"Among the prisoners is a son of la Madrid."

Open the Gaceta Mercantile, number 5703, of the 22nd of April, 1842, and you will find there this letter, written by Mazario Benavidez to Don JuanManuel Rosas :

"Miraflore-la-Marche, July 7, 1842.

"In a preceding dispatch, I have communicated to you the motives which made me save the savage Ciriaco Lamadrid; but learning that he had addressed several chiefs of the province to draw them into defection, I have on my arrival at la Rioja, ordered him to be decapitated at once, as well as the Unitarian savage, Manuel Julian Frias, a native of Santiago.

"Signed,

MAZARIO BENAVIDEZ."

Manuel Orribe commanded the armies of Rosas, charged with subduing the Argentine provinces. On the 15th of April, 1842, he defeated on the territory of SantaFé, the forces commanded by General Juan-Pablo-Lopez. Among the prisoners was General Don Juan-Apostal Martinez. Read this fragment of a letter of Orribe's:"Head Quarters of Banacas de Cosendac, "April 7, 1848.

Thirty odd killed, and a few prisoners, among whom was the pretended savage, Juan-Apostal Martinez, whose head was cut off yesterday.

"Signed,

MANUEL ORRIBE."

If the Gaceta Mercantile be still at hand, open it, and at number 5903, at the date of the 20th of September, 1842, you will find an official report from Manuel-Antonio Saravea, employed in the army of Orribe. This report contains a list of seventeen individuals, among whom was a chief of battalion and a captain, who were made prisoners at Numayan, and underwent the ordinary chastisement of the PAIN OF DEATH.

Let us return to the illustrious and virtuous Orribe, number 3007 of the Diario de la Tarde. It concerns the battle of Monte-Grande, of which he is making a report :

"Head Quarters at Ceibal, September 14, 1841. "Among the prisoners was the traitor, the Unitarian savage, ex-colonel Facundo Bosda, who was executed

immediately, with other pretended officers, both cavalry and infantry.

"MANUEL ORRIBE."

Thus he

Orribe is in the vein ; a traitor delivered up to him the government of Tucuman and its officers. hastens to announce this news to Rosas :

"Head Quarters at Melan, Oct. 3, 1841. “The Unitarian savages who delivered up to me the Commandant Sandoval, and who are: Marion, the pretended Governor General of Tucuman; Avellanida, the pretended Colonel J. M. Vitela, Captain José Espejo and the first lieutenant Leonard Sosa, were all executed immediately in the ordinary manner, with the exception of Avellanida, whose head, after it was cut off, I ordered to be exposed to public view, upon the Place of Tucuman.

"MANUEL ORRIBE.”

Let us leave him, and pass on to another of Rosas' executioners :—

"Casamarca, 29th of the month of Rosas, 1841. "To His Excellency Monsieur the Governor D. U. A. Orredondo.

"After more than two hours' firing, and after having put to the sword all the infantry, in its turn the cavalry was put to the rout, and the leader alone. escaped, by the Cerro d'Ambaste, with about thirty men. He is being pursued, and his head will soon be on the Public Place, where are already the heads of the pretended Ministers Gonzales and Dulle, with that of Espartez.

"M. MEZA."

"Viva la Federacioné? Nominative List of the Unitarian savages, pretended chiefs and officers, who were executed after the Action of the 29th.

"Colonel, Vicente Mercao; Commandants, Modesto Villafari, Juan-Pedro Ponce, Damasio Areas, Manuel Lopez, Pedro Rodriguez.

"Chiefs of Battalion.-Manuel Riso, Santiago de la Cruz José.

Captains.-Juan-de-Dies Ponce, José Salas, Pedro Aranjo, Isidore Ponce, Pedro Banos.

"Adjutants.-Damasio Sarmiento, Eugenio Movillo, Francesco Quenteros, Daniel Rodriguez.

"Lieutenant.-Domingo Diaz.

"M. MAZA."

Since we have got to M. Maza, we will continue; and then we will return to Rosas :

66 Casamarca, Nov. 4, 1841.

"I have already informed you that we had completely put to rout the Unitarian savage, Cubas, who was being pursued, and that we should soon have the head of the bandit. He was, in fact, taken at Cerro des Ambastes; he was even taken in his bed. Consequently the head of the said brigand Cubas is exposed in the Public Place of that city.

"After the action.-Nineteen officers who were following Cubas have been taken. I have given no quarter. The triumph has been complete, and not one has escaped.

"M. MAZA."

Let us glean, en passant, from the Boletin de Mendosa, No. 12, this letter, written from the field of battle of Arrayo Grande, and addressed to the Governor Aldao, by Colonel Don Geronimo Costa :

"We have taken more than a hundred and fifty leaders and officers, who were executed instantly.”

Every artificial firework has its bouquet. We will terminate this firework of blood by its bouquet.

I promised to return to Rosas. I return to him. Colonel Letellasaz was killed; his head was brought to Rosas. Rosas passed three hours in knocking about this head with his foot and spitting at it. He is then informed that another colonel, brother-in-arms of the former, is a prisoner. His first idea was to have

him shot; but he corrected himself; instead of condemning him to death, he condemned him to the torture: the prisoner, during three days, had, for twelve hours a day, that head placed before him on a table.

Rosas had a portion of the prisoners of General Paz shot in the middle of the Place St. Nicolas. Among those prisoners was Colonel Vedela, formerly governor of St. Louis. At the moment of execution, the son of the condemned threw himself into the arms of his father-"Shoot them both,” cried out Rosas. And the father and son fell dead in each other's arms.

In 1832, Rosas ordered eighty Indian prisoners to be led to the Place of Buenos Ayres, and in the middle of the day, in the sight of the whole city, had them slaughtered by the bayonet.

Camilla O'Gorman, a young girl of eighteen, belonging to one of the first families of Buenos Ayres, was seduced by a priest of twenty-four. They quitted Buenos Ayres, and took refuge in a little village of Corrientes, where, giving themselves out to be man and wife, they opened a kind of school. Corrientes fell into the hands of Rosas. Recognised by a priest, and denounced to Rosas, the fugitive and his companion were both brought back to Buenos Ayres, where, without trial, Rosas ordered them to be shot.

"But," some one observed to Rosas, "Camilla O'Gorman is eight months advanced in her pregnancy."

66

Baptize her womb, then," said Rosas, who, as a good Christian, was willing to save the soul of the child. The womb being baptized, Camilla O'Gorman was shot. Three balls passed through the arms of the unhappy mother, who, by an instinctive movement had stretched them out to protect her child.

Now, how happens it that France should make friends like Rosas, and enemies like Garibaldi? For, in fact, the treaty of 1840, signed by Admiral Mackau