his character may be calmly revised, by history. And history, while, for the warning of vehement, high, and daring natures, she notes his many errors, will
yet deliberately pronounce, that, among the eminent men whose bones lie near his, scarcely one has left a more stainless, and none a more splendid name.
Abbé and abbot, difference between, 236 Academy, character of its doctrines, 391 Adam, Robert, court architect to George III., 792
Addison, Joseph, review of Miss Aikin's life of, 731-775; his character, 732, 733; sketch of his father's life, 733; his birth and early life, 733, 734; appointed to a scholar- ship in Magdalene College, Oxford, 734; his classical attainments, 734, 735; his Essay on the Evidences of Christianity, 735, 771; con- tributes a preface to Dryden's Georgics, 737; his intention to take orders frustrated, 788, 739; sent by the Government to the Continent, 740; his introduction to Boileau, 738; leaves Paris and proceeds to Venice, 742; his residence in Italy, 742-744; com- poses his Epistle to Montague (then Lord Halifax), 744; his prospects clouded by the death of William III., 744; becomes tutor to a young English traveller, 744; writes his Treatise on Medals, 744; repairs to Hol- land, 744; returns to England, 744; his cor- dial reception and introduction into the Kit Cat Club, 744; his pecuniary difficulties, 745; engaged by Godolphin to write a poem in honour of Marlborough's exploits, 746; is appointed to a Commissionership, 746; merits of his " Campaign," 746; criticism of his Travels in Italy, 735, 748; his opera of Rosamond, 748; is made Under-Secretary of State, and accompanies the Earl of Hali- fax to Hanover, 749; his election to the House of Commons, 749; his failure as a speaker, 749; his popularity and talents for conversation, 750, 751; his timidity and constraint among strangers, 751; his fa- vourite associates, 751-753; becomes Chief Secretary for Ireland under Wharton, 753; origination of the Tatler, 754, 755; his characteristics as a writer, 754, 756; com- pared with Swift and Voltaire as a master of the art of ridicule, 755, 756; his pecuniary losses, 757; loss of his Secretaryship, 758; resignation of his Fellowship, 758; en- couragement and disappointment of his ad- vances towards a great lady, 758; returned to Parliament without a contest, 758; his Whig Examiner, 758; interceles with the Tories on behalf of Ambrose Phillipps and Steele, 758; his discontinuance of the Tat- ler and commencement of the Spectator, 759; his part in the Spectator, 759; his commencement and discontinuance of the Guardian, 761; his Cato, 742, 761; his in-
tercourse with Pope, 763, 764; his concern for Steele, 763; begins a new series of the Spectator, 764; appointed Secretary to the Lords Justices of the Council on the death of Queen Anne, 764; again appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland, 765; his relations with Swift and Tickell, 765, 766; removed to the Board of Trade, 766; production of his Drummer, 766; his Frceholder, 766; his estrangement from Pope, 767, 768; his long courtship of the Countess Dowager of Warwick and union with her, 770; takes up his abode at Holland House, 771; appointed Secretary of State by Sunderland, 771; failure of his health, 771, 773; resigns his post, 771; receives a pension, 771; his estrangement from Steele and other friends, 772; advocates the bill for limiting the number of Peers, 772; refutation of a ca- lumny upon him, 773; entrusts his works to Tickell, and dedicates them to Craggs, 773; sends for Gay on his death-bed to ask his forgiveness, 773; his death and funeral, 774; Tickell's elegy on his death, 774; su- perb edition of his works, 774: his monu- ment in Poets' Corner, Westminster Abbey, 775
Addison, Dr. Lancelot, sketch of his life, 733 Adiaphorists, a sect of German Protestants, 223, 233
Adultery, how represented by the dramatists of the Restoration, 606 Advancement of Learning, by Bacon, its pub- lication, 369
Eschylus and the Greek drama, 7-12 Afghanistan, the monarchy of, analogous to that of England in the 16th century, 228; bravery of its inhabitants, 608, 609; the English the only army in India which could compete with them, 608; their devastations in India, 502
Agricultural and manufacturing labourers, comparison of their condition, 103, 104 Agujari, the singer, 704 Aikin, Miss, review of her Life of Addison, 731-775
Allegro and Penseroso, 6 Alphabetical writing, the greatest of human inventions, 396; comparative views of its value by Plato and Bacon, 396, 397 America, acquisitions of the Catholic Church in, 542; its capabilities, 542 American colonies, British war with them, 619; act for imposing stamp duties upon | them, 802; their disaffection, 807; revival of the dispute with them, 817; progress of their resistance, 819 Anabaptists, their origin, 221
Anacharsis, reputed contriver of the potter's wheel, 390
Anaverdy Khan, governor of the Carnatic, 504, 505
Angria, his fortress of Gheriah reduced by Clive, 511
Anne, Queen, her political and religious incli- nations, 259; changes in her government in 1710, 259; relative estimation by the Whigs and the Tories of her reign, 260-262, | 264; state of parties at her accession, 745, 746; dismisses the Whigs, 757; change in the conduct of public affairs consequent on her death, 765
Antioch, Grecian eloquence at, 542 Anytus, 382
Apostolical succession, Mr. Gladstone claims it for the Church of England, 485, 496 Aquinas, Thomas, 407
Arab fable of the Great Pyramid, 562 Arbuthnot's Satirical Works, 756
Archimedes, his slight estimate of his inven- tions, 395
Archytas, rebuked by Plato, 395
Arcot, Nabob of, his relations with England, 505-508, 540; his claims recognised by the English, 505
Areopagitica, Milton's allusion to, 27 Argyle, Duke of, secedes from Walpole's ad- ministration, 290
Ariosto, compared with Tasso, 552 Aristodemus, 543 Aristophanes, 564
Aristotle, his authority impaired by the Re- formation, 393
Arithmetic, comparative estimate of by Plato and by Bacon, 394, 395
Arlington, Lord, his character, 427; his cold- ness for the Triple Alliance, 430; his im- peachment, 438
Armies in the middle ages, how constituted, 35, 70; a powerful restraint on the regal power, 70; subsequent change in this re- spect, 71
Arms, British, successes of, against the French in 1758, 307-309
Army (the), control of by Charles I. or by the Parliament, 74; its triumph over both, 77; danger of a standing army becoming an instrument of despotism, 216 Arne, Dr., set to musio Addison's opera of Rosamond, 749
Arragon and Castile, their old institutions favourable to public liberty, 240
Art of War, Machiavelli's, 45
Arundel, Earl of, 388
Asia, Central, its people, 607
Asiatic Society, commencement of its career
under Warren Hastings, 637
Assemblies, dellberative, 306
Association. See Catholic Association
Astronomy, comparative estimate of by Soc. rates and by Bacon, 396 Athenian comedies, their impurity, 564; re printed at the two Universities, 564 Athenians (the), Johnson's opinion of them,
Attainder, an act of, warrantable, 209 Atterbury, Bishop, his reply to Bentley to prove the genuineness of the Letters of Pha- laris, 461; reads the funeral service over the body of Addison, 774 Attila, 542
Attributes of God, subtle speculations tench- ing them imply no high degree of intellec- tual culture, 543, 544
Aubrey, his charge of corruption against Ba- con, 379; Bacon's decision against him after his present, 386
Augsburg, Confession of, its adoption in Swe- den, 555
Aurungzebe, his policy, 502 Austen, Jane, notice of, 726 Austin, Sarah, her character as a translator, 541, 563
Austria, success of her armies in the Catholic cause, 551
Authors, their present position, 122-125 Avignon, the Papal Court transferred from Rome to, 547
Baber, founder of the Mogul empire, 501 Bacon, Lady, mother of Lord Bacon, 352 Bacon, Lord, review of Basil Montagu's new edition of the works of, 346-414; his mother distinguished as a linguist, 352; his early years, 353, 354; his services refused by go- vernment, 355, 356; his admission at Gray's Inn, 355; his legal attainments, 355; sat in Parliament in 1593, 356; part he took in politics, 356; his friendship with the Earl of Essex, 359-363; examination of his con- duct to Essex, 362-368; influence of King James on his fortunes, 366; his servility to Lord Southampton, 367; influence his ta- lents had with the public, 367; his distinc- tion in Parliament and in the courts of law, 368; his literary and philosophical works, 368; his "Novum Organum," and the ad- miration it excited, 368; his work of reduc- ing and recompiling the laws of England, 369; his tampering with the judges on the trial of Peacham, 369-372; attaches himself to Buckingham, 372; his appointment as Lord Keeper, 373; his share in the vices of the administration, 374; his animosity towards Sir Edward Coke, 376, 377; his town and country residences, 376; his titles of Baron Verulam and Viscount St. Albans, 377; report against him of the Committee on the Courts of Justice, 379; nature of the charges, 379, 380; overwhelming evidence to them, 380, 381; his admission of his guilt, 381; his sentence, 381; examination of Mr. Montagu's arguments in his defence, 381- 387; mode in which he spent the last years of his life, 388, 389; chief peculiarity of his philosophy, 389-394; his views compared with those of Plato, 394-399; to what his wide and durable fame is chiefly owing, 400;
Bell, Peter, Byron's spleen against, 159 Bellasys, the English general, 249 Bellingham, his malevolence, 726 Belphegor (the) of Machiavelli, 42 Benares, its grandeur, 627; its annexation to the British dominions, 631 "Benefits of the Death of Christ," 552 Benevolence, Oliver St. John's opposition to, and Bacon's support of, 369 Bengal, its resources, 511, et seq. Bentham, his language on the French revo- lution, 316
his frequent treatment of moral subjects, | Belgium, its contest between Protestantism 402; his views as a theologian, 403; vulgar and Catholicism, 553, 557 notion of him as inventor of the inductive Belial, 572 method, 404; estimate of his analysis of that method, 404-408; union of audacity and sobriety in his temper, 408; his amplitude of comprehension, 468, 409; his freedom from the spirit of controversy, 409; his eloquence, wit, and similitudes, 410; his disciplined imagination, 411; his boldness and originality, 411; unusual development in the order of his faculties, 412; his resem. blance to the mind of Burke. 412; specimens of his two styles, 412, 413; value of his Essays, 413; his greatest performance the first book of the Novum Organum, 413; contemplation of his life, 413, 414 Bacon, Sir Nicholas, his character, 349-351 Baconian philosophy, its chief peculiarity, 389; its essential spirit, 390; its method and object differed from the ancient, 394; com- parative views of Bacon and Plato, 394- 399; its beneficent spirit, 397, 398, 401; its value compared with ancient philosophy, 399-404
Banim, Mr., his defence of James II. as a sup- porter of toleration, 333
Banking operations of Italy in the 14th cen- tury, 32
Bar (the), its degraded condition in the time of James II., 88
Barbary, work on, by Rev. Dr. Addison, 733 Barcelona, capture of, by Peterborough, 253 Baretti, his admiration for Miss Burney, 710 Barillon, M., his pithy words on the new coun- cil proposed by Temple, 443 Barlow, Bishop, 572 Barrington, Lord, 780
Barwell, Mr., 610; his support of Hastings, 612, 618, 619, 621
Bastille, Burke's declamations on its capture, 643
Battle of the Cranes and Pygmies, Addison's,
Bavaria, its contest between Protestantism and Catholicism, 553, 558
Baxter's testimony to Hampden's excellence,
Beaumarchais, his suit before the parliament of Paris, 387
Beckford, Alderman, 815
Bedford, Duke of, 779; his views of the po-
licy of Chatham, 786, 792; presents remon- strance to George III., 805 Bedford, Earl of, invited by Charles I. to form an administration, 209 Bedfords (the), 779; their opposition to the Rockingham ministry on the Stamp Act, 808; their willingness to break with Gren- villeon Chatham's accession to office, 813; de- serted Grenville and admitted to office, 817; parallel between them and the Rocking- hams, 802
Bedford House assailed by a rabble, 804 Begums of Oude, their domains and treasures, 632; disturbances in Oude imputed to them, 632; their protestations, 633; their spolia- tion charged against Hastings, 647
Bentham and Dumont, 268 Bentinck, Lord William, his memory che- rished by the Hindoos, 541 Bentivoglio, Cardinal, on the state of religion in England in the 16th century, 230 Bentley, Richard, his quarrel with Boyle, and remarks on Temple's Essay on the Letters of Phalaris, 461; his edition of Milton, 462, 731; his notes on Horace, 462; his recon- ciliation with Boyle and Atterbury, 463 Berar, occupied by the Bonslas, 620 Berwick, Duke of, held the Allies in check, 250; his retreat before Galway, 254 Bickerstaff, Isaac, astrologer, 754 Biographia Britannica, refutation of a ca- lumny on Addison in, 773
Biography, tenure by which a writer of is bound to his subject, 459
Bishops, claims of those of the Church of England to apostolic succession, 485, 489 Black Hole of Calcutta described, 513, 514; retribution of the English for its horrors, 514, 515,517, 518
Blackmore, Sir Richard, his attainments in the ancient languages, 736 Blackstone, 346
Blasphemous publications, policy of govern- ment in respect to, 115
Blenheim, battle of, 748; Addison employed to write a poem in its honour, 746 Blois, Addison's retirement to, 739 "Bloomsbury gang," the denomination of the Bedfords, 779
Bodley, Sir Thomas, founder of the Bodleian library, 369, 388
Bohemia, influence of the doctrines of Wick- liffe in, 547, 548
Boileau, Addison's intercourse with, 740, 741; his opinion of modern Latin, 740, 741; his literary qualities, 741
Bongbroke, Lord, the liberal patron of lite- rature, 179; proposed to strengthen the royal prerogative, 276; his pretence of philosophy in his exile, 402; his jest on oc- casion of the first representation of Cato, 762; Pope's perfidy towards him, 768; his remedy for the diseases of the state, 784, 785
Bombay, its affairs thrown into confusion by the new council at Calcutta, 613 Book of the Church, Southey's, 100 Books, puffing of, 123-126
Booth, played the hero in Addison's Cato on its first representation, 761 Borgia, Cæsar, 43
Boroughs, rotten, the abolition of, a necessary reform in the time of George J., 280 Boswell, James, his character, 175-177
Foswell's Life of Johnson, by Croker, review of, 165-190; character of the work, 175 Boswellism, 28
Bourbon, the House of, their vicissitudes in Spain, 248-258
Bourne, Vincent, 327; his Latin verses in celebration of Addison's restoration to health, 357
Boyle, Charles, his nominal editorship of the Letters of Phalaris, 461; his book on Greek history and philology, 736 Boyle, Rt. Hon. Henry, 746 "Boys" (the), in opposition to Sir R. Wal- pole, 278
Bracegirdle, Mrs., her celebrity as an actress, 588; her intimacy with Congreve, 588, 589 Brahmins, 544
Bribery, foreign, in the time of Charles I., 90 Brihuega, siege of, 258
"Broad Bottom Administration" (the), 297 Brothers, his prophecies as a test of faith, 544
Brown Launcelot, 535
Brown's Estimate, 302
Bruce, Lord, his appearance at Dr. Burney's concerts, 704
Brunswick, the House of, 781
Brussels, its importance as the seat of a vice- regal Court, 429 Brydges, Sir Egerton, 726
Buchanan, character of his writings, 394 Buckhurst, 564, 565
Buckingham, Duke of, the "Steenie" of James I., 197, 198; Bacon's early discern- ment of his influence, 372, 373; his expedi- tion to Spain, 373; his return for Bacon's patronage, 373; his corruption, 374; his character and position, 374-377; his mar- riage, 378; his visit to Bacon, and report of his condition, 380
Buckingham, Duke of, one of the Cabal ministry, 573; his fondness for Wycherley, 573; anecdote of his versatility, 574 Budgell, Eustace, one of Addison's friends, 752, 753
Bunyan, John, his history and character, 136- 138; his style, 139; his religious enthusiasm and imagery, 556
Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress, review of Southey's edition of, 132; peculiarity of the work, 133, 136, 138, 139; not a perfect alle- gory, 135, 136
Buonaparte, 81, 304, 747. See also Napoleon Burgoyne, Gen., chairman of the committee of inquiry on Lord Clive, 539 Burke, Edmund, his characteristics, 98; his opinion of the war with Spain on the ques- tion of maritime right, 295; resembles Bacon, 412; effect of his speeches on the House of Commons, 464; not the author of the Letters of Junius, 611; his charges against Hastings, 640, 754; his kindness to Miss Burney, 718; her incivility to him at Hastings' trial, 718; his early political career, 806-809; his first speech in the House of Commons, 809; his opposition to Chatham's measures relating to India, 815; his defence of his party against Grenville's attacks, 818; his feeling towards Chatham, Burleigh and his Times, review of Rev. Dr. Nares's, 220; his early life and character,
221-224; his death, 224; importance of the times in which he lived, 224; the great stain on his character, 233; character of the class of statesmen he belonged to, 352; classical acquirements of his wife, 352; his conduct towards Bacon, 354, 355, 359; his apology for having resorted to torture, 370; Bacon's letter to him upon the department of knowledge he had chosen, 409 Burnet, Bishop, 463
Burney, Dr., his social position, 702, 704; bis conduct relative to his daughter's first pub- lication, 709; his daughter's engagement at Court, 714
Burney, Frances. See D'Arblay, Madame Bussey, his eminent merit and conduct in India, 509
Bute, Earl of, his character and education, 782; appointed Secretary of State, 785; op- poses the proposal of war with Spain on account of the family compact, 787; his unpopularity on Chatham's resignation, 788; becomes Prime Minister, 788; his first speech in the House of Lords, 788; induces the retirement of the Duke of Newcastle, 789; becomes First Lord of the Treasury, 790; his foreign and domestic policy, 791, 796; his resignation, 797; continues to ad- vise the king privately, 799, 804, 808 Butler, Addison not inferior to him in wit,
Byng, Admiral, his failure at Minorca, 302; his trial, 304; opinion of his conduct, 304; Chatham's defence of him, 304
Byron, Lord, his epistolary style, 147; his character, 148; his early life, 148; his quar- rel with and separation from his wife, 149- 150; his expatriation, 151; decline of his intellectual powers, 151; his attachment to Italy and Greece, 152; his sickness and death, 152; general grief for his fate, 152; remarks on his poetry, 153; his admiration of the Pope school of poetry, 159; his opinion of Wordsworth and Coleridge, 159; of Peter Bell, 159; his estimate of the poetry of the 18th and 19th centuries, 159; his sensitiveness to criticism, 160; the in- terpreter between Wordsworth and the multitude, 160; the founder of an exoteric Lake school, 161; remarks on his dramatic works, 161-163; his egotism, 163; cause of his influence, 163-165
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