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political and social organization; great as the glory is which America derives from these proud achievements, she will rise higher still through the efficacious advocacy of international reform, which means after all but the extension, in some way, to the relation between nations of those principles on which the American commonwealth is founded. It is a path of pure glory which you are entering now, of a glory not defiled by the curse of its victims, but entranced and sanctified by the blessings of millions, to whom an advance in goodness and in happiness grows out of its warm light.

On that path we mean to follow you; may our common progress in it bear testimony to the energy of American leadership. ALBERT APPONYI.

INTERNATIONAL PEACE SOCIETY

MILAN, ITALY, April 14, 1907.

The International Peace Society, Lombard Union, Milan, takes a great interest in the important event of the National Congress and sends to all the members of the Congress and the friends of Peace in great and free America, greetings and best wishes for complete success in the near future.

The glorious Federation of the United States is a symbol and historical example of brotherhood and progress to all nations. To-day it fulfils the high mission of civilization, and with all its force and with the enthusiasm of its brave race will keep on in the sacred work of maintaining solidarity and Universal Peace.

Over your important labors, oh, American brethren, presides in these days the immortal genius of George Washington, and as the anniversary of his birth is celebrated throughout the whole world by all Peace Societies as a symbol of concord and unity among all people, it is quite just to hope that the persevering and indefatigable work of the American nations co-operating with other nations will bring to pass the triumph of our sublime ideal.

The United States, which has had few wars, and those only for the cause of liberty and justice, is working and thinking for the holy principles of right and union among the people, and by means of free confederations has attained true civil Peace without ruinous and murderous arms. It was the United States that promoted the first International Peace Movement, and there the first two great Peace Congresses took place-the first the

Universal Peace Congress at Chicago in 1893, and the second at Boston in 1904. It was due to America that the terrible war between Japan and Russia was ended, for they acted as mediator between the two nations, thus realizing the hopes and desires of the entire world.

For all these reasons the United States of America, more than any other nation, is sacred to the cause and work of International Peace. All the sister nations of the world look up to you as to the lighthouse of civilization and Peace, which shall enlighten and guide all the nations of the earth in the future.

With these sentiments, oh, brethren of America, accept the greeting and loyalty of the lovers of Peace in Italy, who are present in mind at the meetings of your National Congress, and send heartiest appreciation of the benefits derived from your humanitarian labors.

Please accept, Honorable President, the assurance of our highest esteem and sympathy.

MONETA, President.

MUNICH, GERMANY, April 15, 1907.

Good fortune. Hope numerous American friends follow invitation Munich.

QUIDDE.

THE INTERNATIONAL BUREAU DE LA PAIX

BERNE, SWITZERLAND, April 2, 1907.

On behalf of the International Bureau of Peace in Berne, we wish to convey to our colleagues, convening for the first American Arbitration and Peace Congress, a message of sympathy and heartiest congratulations.

This gathering is truly an important one, not only because of the many representative men and women who will be present, but also because of its principal object and leading thought. The second Peace Conference at The Hague must be a great stride onward in international friendship and good-will; it must form the basis of a new era of material and moral welfare of humanity. May the old and new world unite for this great purpose, and may this plague of mankind, war, soon be banished from the earth. A. GOBAT.

THE MINISTER OF THE NETHERLANDS

Washington, D. C.. April 11, 1907.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs at The Hague informs me of a request made by the National American Congress of Arbitration and Peace which is to meet in the City of New York from April 14 to 16, that it may be honored by a message of Her Majesty the Queen, my Gracious Sovereign.

I am instructed by my Government to inform you that it is inconsistent with the constitutional traditions of the Netherlands for Her Majesty the Queen to give Her opinion on matters as indicated by the above said request.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs at the same time invites me to assure the National American Congress of Arbitration and Peace of the best wishes which he forms for the success of the Congress to which questions of the highest importance are to be submitted.

In acquitting myself of these orders I take this opportunity to offer you the assurance of my high consideration. R. DE MAREES VAN SWINDEREN.

THE NOBEL COMMITTEE, NORWEGIAN PARLIAMENT CHRISTIANIA, April 15, 1907.

Nobel Committee Norwegian Parliament greets American Peace Congress, assured United States continue glorious traditions advocating Peace principles. LOVELAND, Chairman.

I beg you to accept the following greeting from Norway: May the United States of America, which a century ago began to wave the banner of peace, see it in glorious splendor become the practice of the whole world.

May the United States, in which the energy, industry and cleverness of the Old World seems to be united, go forward, leading in the greatest work of this century-the work of Peace. JOHN LUND, Vice-President.

THE SWEDISH inteRPARLIAMENTARY GROUP

STOCKHOLM, April 14th, 1907. The Swedish Interparliamentary Group herewith send their best and sincerest wishes to the Congress as well as the expression of their most heartfelt sympathy with its important labor. BARON BONDE, COUNT HAMILTON, ERNEST BECKMAN, J. BROMEE VON SCHEELE.

STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, April 15, 1907.

Seven hundred thousand International Good Templars send greeting manifesting their brotherhood.

E. WAVRINSKY.

VICE-PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES

INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, April 1, 1907.

It is gratifying to see that this great subject is receiving more and more thoughtful consideration from the leading men of this country. The present generation can make no better contribution to the future than some means whereby questions which vex nations in their intercourse with each other may be honorably determined without a resort to arms. Our civilization is a dismal failure if we do not have enough intelligence, morality and courage to compose disputes between nations in some other manner than by recourse to war. We hail and proclaim the virtues and achievements of our heroes upon the field and upon the seas. We will decorate with the evidence of our gratitude those who shall win the greatest victory of all, and that is victory over war itself.

I wish you and those who are engaged in the promotion of International Peace a speedy realization of your hopes and your efforts. CHARLES W. FAIRBANKS.

HEADQUARTers grand ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC

ZANESVILLE, OHIO, April 1, 1907.

As a soldier, I welcome every effort to promote Peace, and I trust that never again shall our young men be called to stand on the firing line to oppose any foe, foreign or domestic.

R. B. BROWN,

Commander-in-Chief.

THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

WASHINGTON, April 16, 1907.

I regret that my official duties prevent my attendance at the Peace Congress and your Wednesday evening banquet. Although absent, my sympathies are very strongly with the movement in behalf of International Arbitration and Peace, and I believe it will be a great power for good.

Permit me one suggestion, prompted by the many communications I have received proposing different ways for bringing about the desired result. Let the Congress spend little time in considering such propositions. Matters of detail, of procedure, can be settled hereafter. The important thing is that this Congress, speaking for the entire nation, shall as its message to the approaching Hague Conference, declare in the strongest terms its belief in the wisdom and practicability of International Arbitration and Peace, and its call upon that Conference to take the widest and most effective measures to hasten the promised day of their universal triumph. DAVID J. BREWER.

MISCELLANEOUS

BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, April 16, 1907.

Baltimore Presbytery now in session sends greetings. Micah 4,3: "And they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks; nation shall not lift up a sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more."

A. M. EAGLE, Moderator.

REDLANDS, CALIFORNIA, April 13, 1907.

I am inexpressibly pained that distance from home prevents my personal attendance at this Congress, which I consider one of the greatest advance steps toward universal International Arbitration in the history of the world, and for the organization of which America owes you a great debt of gratitude.

ALBERT K. SMILEY.

WASHINGTON, D. C., April 16, 1907.

The Conference of Church Clubs of the United States assembled at the Peace Cross, Washington, sends greetings to the International Congress of Peace and Arbitration, and bids it Godspeed in its endeavors to promote the Kingdom of Peace and good-will among men.

JACKSON W. SPARROW, Secretary.

RICHMOND, KENTUCKY, April 16, 1907.

In 1888, I introduced a bill in Congress which passed, providing for an International Conference to consider Arbitration, which was endorsed. I am in favor of general arbitration treaty among nations and I shall make my best efforts in the United States

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