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no more potent instrumentality for maintaining international peace than a growing and mutually profitable commerce between the nations of the world.

Commerce is the handmaid of peace and good-will, since it creates and maintains an order of citizens bound by their own interests to promote the public tranquillity.

GEORGE F. STONE,

Secretary.

THE BUSINESS MEN'S CLUB OF CINCINΝΑΤΙ

Whereas, There will be held in the City of New York on April 14th to 17th, a National Arbitration and Peace Congress, and

Whereas, The deliberation of such a representative assemblage cannot help but add material impetus to the establishment of universal peace, which would mark an era in the uplifting of all mankind; therefore be it

Resolved, That the Business Men's Club of Cincinnati, Ohio, hereby heartily endorses the aims and purposes of said Congress; and be it further

Resolved, That one or more delegates be appointed to attend said Congress on behalf of the Club; and be it further

Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be forwarded to the President of said Congress.

ITALIAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE OF NEW YORK CITY

As delegates appointed by this Italian Chamber of Commerce to the National Arbitration and Peace Congress, we have the honor to convey the cordial greetings of the said institution and its full acknowledgment of the incommensurable services which the Congress is about to render to humanity.

As representatives of a commercial body, considering the question from the commercial point of view solely, we beg to

state:

Whereas, War means loss of lives and consequently loss of labor, be it intellectual or material, depriving agriculture and industry of vital factors necessary to the development of land and factories;

Whereas, War, and preparations for it, involve nations in enormous expenses, whilst the amount thus squandered to kill and be killed could be used to foster vitality and wealth of the people, and

Whereas, From the prosperity of a country proceeds the progress of its commerce and industries; be it

Resolved, That the Italian Chamber of Commerce gives its full and hearty moral support to the National Arbitration and Peace Congress in its endeavors to accomplish the most needed and most sacred work by which the whole world will benefit, and expresses its hopefulness that the nations may agree on an International Arbitration Court, settling any controversy without bloodshed, loss in money, destruction of property, burdens of pensions, interest and all the other horrors of war and costly consequences of the maintenance of "Armed Peace."

JOSEPH N. FEARNOMINI,

EGISTO MARIANI,

ANTONIO ZUCCA,
ACHILLE STARACE,

ARTHUR J. STEPHANI.

THE MERCHANTS' ASSOCIATION OF NEW YORK

Whereas, An International Arbitration and Peace Congress is to be held in this city on April 14-17, 1907.

Resolved, That the Merchants' Association of New York, through its Board of Directors, cordially expresses its hearty sympathy with and intention to further the present tendency to promote permanent peace and good-will between the nations of the world, not only in the cause of humanity, but as a necessary means for protecting and advancing the widespread and constantly expanding commercial interests of the United States.

The following delegates were appointed:

J. Crawford McCreery,

W. A. Marble,

W. H. McCord,
George L. Duval,

Daniel P. Morse.

BAND OF MERCY

At a Peace Meeting of some thousand Band of Mercy members and friends, held in Tremont Temple, Boston, to-day, the following resolution was unanimously passed:

Whereas, A colossal statue of Christ, called the Christ of the Andes, has been erected on the boundary line of Chili and Argentine Republic as a monument of perpetual Peace between the two nations.

Resolved, That we respectfully ask the Peace Congress now in session in New York City to urge upon the Peace Conference soon to be held at The Hague, that similar statues of Christ be erected on the boundary lines of other adjacent Christian nations, and that no war shall hereafter be declared between such nations until the statue of Christ, standing on their boundary line, shall be taken down and destroyed.

GEORGE T. ANGELL,

President American Humane Society.

Some of the Letters and Telegrams Received, Showing the World-wide Interest In the Congress

THE KING OF ITALY

CATANIA, ROYAL YACHT TRINACRIA, April 13, 1907.

I thank you cordially for your kind invitation. I anticipate that the National Arbitration and Peace Congress-promoted by renowned benefactors of mankind-will be an important step towards the accomplishment of their noble ideals.

VITTORIO EMANUEL.

THE KING OF NORWAY

CHRISTIANA, April 11, 1907.

I beg you to bring my best greetings to the National Arbitration and Peace Congress, whose work I hope may promote the great purpose of advocating the peaceful settlement of international misunderstandings, a purpose in which the Norwegian people take such a lively interest. HAAKON VII.

THE PRESIDENT OF SWITZERLAND

BERNE, April 4, 1907.

Your favor of March 11th was duly received, and I appreciate deeply the honor you extend to me in the name of the organizers of the National Arbitration and Peace Congress, which will meet this month in New York. To my regret I will not be able to accomplish what you ask of me in your letter, but I am very happy of this opportunity to assure you of the interest I have in the work in which the Congress is engaged and to express to you my most sincere wishes on the success of your work. Please accept the assurance of my deepest sympathy.

EDOUARD MULLER.

THE PRESIDENT OF MEXICO

MEXICO CITY, MEXICO, March 29, 1907.

I would accept with pleasure the courteous and honorable invitation which you have been pleased to send me under date of 27th of February last to assist at the Congress of Arbitration and Peace, which is to convene in your city, from the 14th to the 17th of April next, and to speak at the public banquet which is to terminate so interesting and timely an assembly on the approach of the Peace Conference. However, I cannot obtain permission from the Congress of the Nation.

During its next sessions devoted to fixing the budget and other grave questions, I shall be prevented from having the honor of being associated with the very distinguished persons to whom you refer, who are going to promote the noble and most important cause of peace throughout the civilized world.

PORFIRIO DIAZ.

THE PRESIDENT OF BRAZIL

RIO JANEIRO, April 16, 1907.

I take pleasure in expressing my deepest sympathy with the work that the National Arbitration and Peace Congress, at present assembled in New York, is doing in favor of the interests of international good-will. ALPHONSO PENNA.

THE PRESIDENT OF CHILI

SANTIAGO, April 24, 1907.

Your letter of the 11th of last month has just reached me to-day when the meetings of the National Arbitration and Peace Congress are over. This delay has deprived me of the pleasure I would have experienced in expressing directly to the Congress the fellow feeling and interest which the people of this Republic entertain with regard to all ideas tending to insure peace among nations and to establish therein progress and cordial relations.

I congratulate Mr. Carnegie and the other promoters of the Congress on their patriotic work and trust that they may persevere in their commendable efforts. PEDRO MONTT.

PRESIDENT, BRITISH INTERPARLIAMENTARY GROUP
LONDON, March 30, 1907.

The great Congress which is to be held under Mr. Carnegie's presidency should mark a substantial advance in public opinion. The friends of peace are looking much to America to give force and driving power to the movement.

Our Interparliamentary Conference last year in London was signalized by a remarkable speech of the British Premier, Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, in which he enunciated his unwavering devotion to our cause, and he has since shown in official action that he, at least, does not despair of some action being taken at the approaching Hague Conference in the direction of the limitation of bloated armaments, at present the scourge and the disgrace of civilized and Christian nations.

WEARDALE.

HUNGARIAN MINISTER OF EDUCATION

BUDAPESTH, HUNGARY, March 22, 1907.

The duties of my official position make it impossible for me to attend your meeting, but there is nothing in those duties to debar me from expressing my deep devotion to the noble cause and to the principle which the American National Peace Congress is intended to assert, not with unaccustomed splendor only, but, as we may and do hope, with irresistible efficacy. I should have been proud indeed to take part in its proceedings; to make my voice heard among the voices of so many illustrious Americans; to deliver a message of sympathy from eastern Europe to the American people arrayed under the banner of international fraternity; to bring an echo from the old world to the voice of the new one, to make it swell into an anthem of peace sung by the animated universe: nay, not an anthem but the proclamation of a set purpose, of an unconquerable will, that there be no more strife and bloodshed between the sons of God, but justice and brotherly love; the reign on earth of their heavenly Father.

This message, which I am prevented from delivering in person, let me send you in the shape of a few written words. Great as you appear before the world on account of your undaunted energy in every branch of human activity, of your unflinching devotion to liberty and democracy and your successful application of true principle to the building up of a powerful

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