Psychology and the Day's Work: A Study in the Application of Psychology to Daily LifeC. Scribner's Sons, 1919 - 388 páginas "Psychology considered as the science of human behavior is concerned with man's response to the impressions made upon him by objects, people, and events. They make up the situations that he meets. Behavior--the individual's way of dealing with these situations--if not a complete failure, results finally in some sort of adjustment to the conditions in which one lives; and this adjustment culminates in social and moral habits, in habits of work, in ways of thinking and acting; in short, in habits of life. And through all the adapting process runs the influence of physiological conditions, and the effect of their changes caused by the manner of life and the advance of years. The adjustment may be mechanical and rigid, insensible to misfits, without power to readjust as conditions alter; or, again, it may be flexible and adaptive--capable of new adjustments as circumstances change. This adjustment represents the capacity of man for achievement. It is his efficiency--the strategy and tactics of life. It is well, then, from time to time to take an inventory of stock and try to discover the significance of the facts and principles of human behavior which investigation has revealed. Concerning the more common matters of every-day life, however, psychologists have offered relatively little of interpretative value. Yet these experiences make up the day's work. They determine its quantity and quality. Much has been written about making others efficient, but comparatively little about one's own method of thinking, working, and acting. Yet knowing oneself reaches far into success and failure; and there is no other way of understanding the behavior of others. It is, therefore, in the hope of interpreting a few of these personal experiences of daily life that this book is written. The topics that could be discussed extend far beyond the limits of a single volume. The choice, of course, is largely personal, but the writer has tried to select types of conduct, as well as phases and causes of behavior, that are fundamental to thinking and acting, whether in the life of social intercourse or in the business and professional world. And, after all, thinking and acting determine achievement"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved). |
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Página 1
... force of habit , and nothing more . We select an illus- trative example from the many suggested by the present war . · · " It did not seem possible that human beings could brave these haunted streets , " says Owen Johnson , 1 speak- ing ...
... force of habit , and nothing more . We select an illus- trative example from the many suggested by the present war . · · " It did not seem possible that human beings could brave these haunted streets , " says Owen Johnson , 1 speak- ing ...
Página 4
... forces acting upon the individual and his responses . Maintain- ing this equilibrium is what is meant by adaptation . Among the lower animals we have seen that strict conform- ity is the rule . Any change that takes place is forced upon ...
... forces acting upon the individual and his responses . Maintain- ing this equilibrium is what is meant by adaptation . Among the lower animals we have seen that strict conform- ity is the rule . Any change that takes place is forced upon ...
Página 5
... force in deter- mining the adaptations it is clear that the result may be altogether inadequate to the needs and possibilities of the situation . There is , however , a further fact of immense importance to adaptation . The human ...
... force in deter- mining the adaptations it is clear that the result may be altogether inadequate to the needs and possibilities of the situation . There is , however , a further fact of immense importance to adaptation . The human ...
Página 9
... force . It was the trial - and - error method , with- out interpretation , without clarifying judgment . Through long years some working principles were acquired , but they were gained at an enormous cost of time and life , and the ...
... force . It was the trial - and - error method , with- out interpretation , without clarifying judgment . Through long years some working principles were acquired , but they were gained at an enormous cost of time and life , and the ...
Página 10
... force deliberation . Man rarely stops to think out the method of proce- dure unless the difficulty is so great that no plan of action immediately presents itself . A momentarily insoluble problem is needed to make him think . But this ...
... force deliberation . Man rarely stops to think out the method of proce- dure unless the difficulty is so great that no plan of action immediately presents itself . A momentarily insoluble problem is needed to make him think . But this ...
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Términos y frases comunes
action activity adaptation Al Jennings asso associations attention automatic automatic writing become behavior belief Britling cause cent connection consciousness continued course digestion effect efficiency effort emotions energy environment error evidence example excitement experience explanation factor facts fatigue feeling Fiona Macleod forget Frost King gastric juice given habits Hermann Ebbinghaus human ideas illustration important increased influence instance interest investigation Irving Fisher Journal learner learning less lower animals matter meaning memory ment mental method mind Morton Prince movements muscle muscular needed nerve-cell neurones observed one's opinions organs Pavlov peristalsis persons physical physiological problem produced progress psychic Psychology question reason recall reflex relation remember repetitions requires response saliva says secretion selection significance social sort stimulation stomach success tendency things thinking thought tion trial-and-error method uncon usually William Sharp witnesses words writer young Zeitschrift
Pasajes populares
Página 224 - I had, also, during many years, followed a golden rule, namely, that whenever a published fact, a new observation or thought came across me, which was opposed to my general results, to make a memorandum of it without fail and at once; for I had found by experience that such facts and thoughts were far more apt to escape from the memory than favourable ones.
Página 50 - The world little knows how many of the thoughts and theories which have passed through the mind of a scientific investigator have been crushed in silence and secrecy by his own severe criticism and adverse examination ; that in the most successful instances not a tenth of the suggestions, the hopes, the wishes, the preliminary conclusions have been realized.
Página 109 - You see the little lines of cleavage running through the character, the tricks of thought, the prejudices, the ways of the 'shop...
Página 204 - ... death, the girl herself refused to stay. Anxious inquiries were then, of course, made concerning the pastor's habits; and the solution of the phenomenon was soon obtained. For it appeared, that it had been the old man's custom, for years, to walk up and down a passage of his house into which the kitchen door opened, and to read to himself with a loud voice, out of his favorite books.
Página 207 - Hurstmonceaux, made him enquire from his mother if she could throw any light on the matter. She at once informed him that being in that part of the country when he was about eighteen months old, she had gone over with a large party, and had taken him in the pannier of a donkey ; that the elders of the party, having brought lunch with them, had eaten it on the roof of the gateway, where they would have been seen from below, whilst he had been left on the ground with the attendants and donkeys.- —...
Página 204 - A young woman of four or five and twenty, who could neither read nor write, was seized with a nervous fever ; during which, according to the asseverations of all the priests and monks of the neighborhood, she became possessed, and, as it appeared, by a very learned devil. She continued incessantly talking Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, in very pompous tones, and with most distinct enunciation.
Página 347 - ... and a ladykiller, as well as a philosopher; a philanthropist, statesman, warrior, and African explorer, as well as a "tone-poet" and saint. But the thing is simply impossible. The millionaire's work would run counter to the saint's; the...
Página 204 - The case had attracted the particular attention of a young physician, and by his statement many eminent physiologists and psychologists visited the town, and cross-examined the case on the spot. Sheets full of her ravings were taken down from her own mouth, and were found to consist of sentences, coherent and intelligible each for itself, but with little or no connexion with each other. Of the Hebrew, a small portion only could be traced to the Bible ; the remainder seemed to be in the Rabbinical...
Página 271 - I could never have succeeded with metaphysics or mathematics. My memory is extensive, yet hazy: it suffices to make me cautious by vaguely telling me that I have observed or read something opposed to the conclusion which I am drawing, or on the other hand in favour of it; and after a time I can generally recollect where to search for my authority. So poor in one sense is my memory, that I have never been able to remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry.
Página 101 - Stating the thing broadly, the human individual thus lives usually far within his limits; he possesses powers of various sorts which he habitually fails to use.