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INDEX.

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Alburnum,

its quantity proportionate to
the number of buds, 265
offices performed by, 45
instance of being cut into
and preserved for centu-
ries, 39

Alburnous substance, 265
Alkaline substances, their effects upon
germinating seeds, 235

Alpine plants, probable cause of the diffi-
culty in growing, 218

American aloe, the number of years
before it flowers, 93

American plants, points to be attended to
in their culture, 532
soil for, 531

Ammonia employed to promote germina-
tion, 236

its extreme solubility in water,
549

proportion of, in rain water, 28
power of soils generally to ab-
sorb, 547

Ammoniacal manure, effects of, 550
Amputating, effects of, 405
Anatomy of leaves, 56

Anemone japonica, adventitious buds in
roots of, 31

Anæsthetic substances, effect of, 8
Annuals, oleraceous, 166
Annual rest of plants, 506
Anther, 81
Antherids, 10

Antherozoids, and spores, phenomena
attending their fertilisation, 11
Apple-tree, pruning of, 374
Apricot-tree, pruning of, 387
Aquatic plants, conditions under which
they exist, 160

mode of treating to in-
duce them to flower,150
require the water to be
brought to a fitting
heat, 150

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Aqueous matter, necessity of its excess | Bark,
being decomposed during the progress
of ripening, 167

Aqueous particles in plants, effect of
their being frozen, 113

Araucaria seeds, mode of packing, 251
Arid regions, 508

Arsenic, its effects on plants, 8

Ashes, vegetable or wood, as manure,
555

Ash-tree decorticated by lightning, 46
remarkable instance of an in-
scription found in the interior
of one, 38

Asparagus, importance of salting, 556
Atmosphere, a very dry, induces the
formation of flowers and
fruit, 512

gaseous matters of, 529
mean temperature of, rela-
tion it bears to that of
the earth, 130

of hothouses, importance of
being damp, 210

of rooms not deteriorated
by plants, 61

superiority of fast-grown to slow-
grown for tanning purposes, 417
when wounded or cut, converges

from all parts to repair the
injury, 37

BARLOW, Professor, his experiments on
the strength of oak timber, 419
Barral, M., experiments on rain-water, 28
Barrenness, cause of, 369

Bastardising happens more frequently to
single plants than to large masses, 463
Bedewing, its importance, 206
Beet-root, singular instance of grafting
red and white, 343

Bell-glasses, evil arising from the air
surrounding them being
cold, 293

maintain a steady saturated
atmosphere around cut-
tings, 296

of different colours, 299
their action, 293

their use in propagating,
278, 292, 299

Bigeneric muling, apocryphal, 497

temperature of, at various Birch-tree, remarkable instance of one

places, 117-125

unfavourable state of, a cause
of sterility in flowers, 240

Atmospheric dryness or moisture, ex-

tremes of, 188, 189
moisture, 177

Australia, temperature of, 123

Axil, 43

night temperature of, 516

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INDEX.

Bottom-heat, a stimulus and protection Budding,

to vegetation, 134
degree of, communicated
to plants in pots from
the atmosphere of a
stove, 152

its effects different from
those resulting from
solar radiation, 126
its great importance when
well regulated, 150
Knight's opinion respect-
ing its necessity, 152
necessary for the flowering
of many tropical plants,

148
though beneficial in the
first instance becomes a
source of mischief, 135
waste steam as a medium
of, 151

Bradley, Richard, his book on the propa-
gation of plants by leaves, 271
Branches, effect of shortening, 362

effect of their being in a dif-
ferent temperature from
their roots, 69
inarching of, 326

in which buds are inserted
should be shortened, 307
their vigour augmented by the
abstraction of flowers and
fruit, 487

Breeds, the best produced by the best
seeds, 487
Brussels sprouts, supposed disposition to
degenerate, 470

the question of degene-
racy refuted, 471

Buds, adventitious, developed by the
stems of trees, 260
adventitious, in roots, 30, 302
embryo, 44

formed in the axils of stamens, 54
instances of their formation on
leaves, 80, 272
latent, 54

mature preferable to immature for

the purpose of propagation, 306,
337

mode of propagating by, 265

not the origin of roots, 25
power of leaves to form, 54, 80,
272

the origin of branches, 25
the youngest most excitable, 337
their formation in all cases the first
step in the process of propaga-
tion, 276
Budding, D'Albret's practice, 309

Bulbs,

43

flute, 308, 313
inverted, 312

583

ligatures usually employed in,
305

mode of executing, 304, 310
ought not to be performed in
wet weather, 309
propagation by, 303
reverse, 307
shield, 305, 312
time to perform, 311

a species of bud, 44
cultivation of, 165

in arid regions, 508

mode of treating newly imported,
165

precautions demanded in the
packing of, 254
propagation by, 473
Burnt clay as a manure, 565

CACTI, best time for grafting, 316
method of grafting, 315

instance of their living for years
without water, 261

Callus, 36

Calyx, its situation and colour, 81
its use, 95

Cambium, 310

Camellias, a method of propagating
them, 325

packing growing plants of, 258

Canker, cause of, 148
Cape-Heaths, mode of striking, by cut-
tings, 298

importance of good drain-
age for, 437

Capillary tubes give hygrometrical force
to tissue, 27

Carbon, excess of, in seeds, 14
in seeds, 243, 247

requires its proportion
altered before germi-
nation can be effected,
104

its conversion into carbonic acid
during the process of germina-
tion, 14

Carbonate of ammonia, mode of apply.

ing it to plants,

549

must be applied

with great cau-
tion, 550

Carbonic acid, a component part of the
food of plants, 28, 544
conditions under which it
is slowly formed, 233,
544

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Carbonic acid, decomposed furnishes an | Chloroform, its effects on plants, 8
essential part of the Circulation of sap, 40

secretions of plants, 545
formation of, in seeds, 248
its decomposition in plants
during the day, 60
its formation during the
process of germination,
14

its formation by plants

during the night, 60
its mode of introduction
into the system of plants,

60

periods at which plants
cease to decompose it,
79
probable effect of preserv-
ing seeds in an atmos-
phere of, 252

Carburetted hydrogen gas, 168

Celery, instance of a broken leaf emitting
roots, 24

Cells of which plants consist, have their
own special power of secretion, 344
Cellular matter formed by leaves, 276

its junction, the cause
of adhesion in the
stock and scion, 344

surfaces must be brought in con-
tact in grafting, 336

system, 336

horizontal system, 337

tissue combined with woody
fibre, 35

Centrifugal development of leaves, 55
Centripetal development of leaves, 55

Ceratonia siliqua, remarkable instance of
vitality in, 261

Chara, singular motion in, 9
Charcoal, packing seeds in, 249

method of preparing it for gar-
dening purposes, 546
peat, 545

powdered, its value when mixed
with soil, 545

Chemical changes in seeds, 227
Cherries, forcing of, 149

propagation of, by budding, 310
Cherry-tree, instance of a Birch growing
out of the decayed trunk,

349
pruning and training of, 389
Chestnuts, best mode of packing, 251
propagation of, by budding,

310

Chinese mode of dwarfing trees, 368
Chlorine employed to promote germina-
tion, 237

proportion of in rain-water, 28

Hales's experiments

on, 51
Cissus hydrophora, remarkable instance
of vitality in, 261
Clay, burnt, as manure, 566

its mode of action and great
value, 567

oolitic, successful mode of culti
vating a soil of, 540

its properties, 525

soil, has the power of absorbing or
fixing ammonia, 548

Cleft grafting, 328, 330, 331
Climate of Ava, 510

Brazil, 509
Canaries, 509

Cape of Good Hope, 508

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of leaves influenced by light, 70
yellow in plants, causes of its
occurrence, 109

Coloured light, effects of, on plants, 300
its influence on germina-
tion, 238

Colouring matter in the madder plant,
its production, 300

Colours of plants, cause of their forma-
tion, 109

Columella's assertion of grafting the olive
on the fig explained, 347
Combretum purpureum, mode of increas-
ing it, 450

Composite flowers require to be kept dry
before they will ripen seed, 242
Compost for American plants, 532
for Dutch bulbs, 534
Concrete applied to vine borders, 144
Concreting, its effects in raising the tem-
perature, 147
Conduction, 161

Conifers, instances of some being struck
from pieces of the root, 283

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585

evil of the soil in which they
are placed being kept too
wet, 293

importance of their ends touch-
ing the bottom of a pot, 286
in what respect they differ
from seeds, 269
M. Delacroix's
striking, 296

method of

mode of preparing, 298
mode of striking, in phials of
water, 297

necessity for a due adjustment
of heat, light, and moisture,
in the striking of, 289
necessity for the shading of, 291
of succulents, mode of treating,
294

packing of, 255
propagation by, 281
singular phenomenon with
respect to the striking of, 295
the most favourable time for
striking of, 282

their power of rooting always
greatest when they begin to
push, 292
Cytoblast, or vital centre, 7

D'ALBRET's practice of budding, 309
practical directions for graft-
ing, 325

Damping off, 212
Dampness, excess of, indispensable to
plants in a state of rapid
growth, 211
of glass-houses, 205

Darkness favourable to the production of
roots, 25

Daubeney, Dr., his experiments on the
power of plants to se-
lect their food, 27
experiments on the effect
of coloured light on
plants, 300

Debility brought on by high tempera-
ture, 107

propagation by division, not a
cause of, 269

secures permanence in some va-
rieties of plants, 467

Decaisne, M., his experiments relative to
the production of colouring matter in
madder, 300

De Candolle, M., laws of temperature
with respect to its influence on vege-
tation, 113

Deciduous cypress, great extension of its
root in search of water, 19
plants, 79

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