its quantity proportionate to the number of buds, 265 offices performed by, 45 instance of being cut into and preserved for centu- ries, 39
Alburnous substance, 265 Alkaline substances, their effects upon germinating seeds, 235
Alpine plants, probable cause of the diffi- culty in growing, 218
American aloe, the number of years before it flowers, 93
American plants, points to be attended to in their culture, 532 soil for, 531
Ammonia employed to promote germina- tion, 236
its extreme solubility in water, 549
proportion of, in rain water, 28 power of soils generally to ab- sorb, 547
Ammoniacal manure, effects of, 550 Amputating, effects of, 405 Anatomy of leaves, 56
Anemone japonica, adventitious buds in roots of, 31
Anæsthetic substances, effect of, 8 Annuals, oleraceous, 166 Annual rest of plants, 506 Anther, 81 Antherids, 10
Antherozoids, and spores, phenomena attending their fertilisation, 11 Apple-tree, pruning of, 374 Apricot-tree, pruning of, 387 Aquatic plants, conditions under which they exist, 160
mode of treating to in- duce them to flower,150 require the water to be brought to a fitting heat, 150
Aqueous matter, necessity of its excess | Bark, being decomposed during the progress of ripening, 167
Aqueous particles in plants, effect of their being frozen, 113
Araucaria seeds, mode of packing, 251 Arid regions, 508
Arsenic, its effects on plants, 8
Ashes, vegetable or wood, as manure, 555
Ash-tree decorticated by lightning, 46 remarkable instance of an in- scription found in the interior of one, 38
Asparagus, importance of salting, 556 Atmosphere, a very dry, induces the formation of flowers and fruit, 512
gaseous matters of, 529 mean temperature of, rela- tion it bears to that of the earth, 130
of hothouses, importance of being damp, 210
of rooms not deteriorated by plants, 61
superiority of fast-grown to slow- grown for tanning purposes, 417 when wounded or cut, converges
from all parts to repair the injury, 37
BARLOW, Professor, his experiments on the strength of oak timber, 419 Barral, M., experiments on rain-water, 28 Barrenness, cause of, 369
Bastardising happens more frequently to single plants than to large masses, 463 Bedewing, its importance, 206 Beet-root, singular instance of grafting red and white, 343
Bell-glasses, evil arising from the air surrounding them being cold, 293
maintain a steady saturated atmosphere around cut- tings, 296
of different colours, 299 their action, 293
their use in propagating, 278, 292, 299
Bigeneric muling, apocryphal, 497
temperature of, at various Birch-tree, remarkable instance of one
places, 117-125
unfavourable state of, a cause of sterility in flowers, 240
Atmospheric dryness or moisture, ex-
tremes of, 188, 189 moisture, 177
Australia, temperature of, 123
night temperature of, 516
Bottom-heat, a stimulus and protection Budding,
to vegetation, 134 degree of, communicated to plants in pots from the atmosphere of a stove, 152
its effects different from those resulting from solar radiation, 126 its great importance when well regulated, 150 Knight's opinion respect- ing its necessity, 152 necessary for the flowering of many tropical plants,
148 though beneficial in the first instance becomes a source of mischief, 135 waste steam as a medium of, 151
Bradley, Richard, his book on the propa- gation of plants by leaves, 271 Branches, effect of shortening, 362
effect of their being in a dif- ferent temperature from their roots, 69 inarching of, 326
in which buds are inserted should be shortened, 307 their vigour augmented by the abstraction of flowers and fruit, 487
Breeds, the best produced by the best seeds, 487 Brussels sprouts, supposed disposition to degenerate, 470
the question of degene- racy refuted, 471
Buds, adventitious, developed by the stems of trees, 260 adventitious, in roots, 30, 302 embryo, 44
formed in the axils of stamens, 54 instances of their formation on leaves, 80, 272 latent, 54
mature preferable to immature for
the purpose of propagation, 306, 337
mode of propagating by, 265
not the origin of roots, 25 power of leaves to form, 54, 80, 272
the origin of branches, 25 the youngest most excitable, 337 their formation in all cases the first step in the process of propaga- tion, 276 Budding, D'Albret's practice, 309
flute, 308, 313 inverted, 312
ligatures usually employed in, 305
mode of executing, 304, 310 ought not to be performed in wet weather, 309 propagation by, 303 reverse, 307 shield, 305, 312 time to perform, 311
a species of bud, 44 cultivation of, 165
in arid regions, 508
mode of treating newly imported, 165
precautions demanded in the packing of, 254 propagation by, 473 Burnt clay as a manure, 565
CACTI, best time for grafting, 316 method of grafting, 315
instance of their living for years without water, 261
Calyx, its situation and colour, 81 its use, 95
Camellias, a method of propagating them, 325
packing growing plants of, 258
Canker, cause of, 148 Cape-Heaths, mode of striking, by cut- tings, 298
importance of good drain- age for, 437
Capillary tubes give hygrometrical force to tissue, 27
Carbon, excess of, in seeds, 14 in seeds, 243, 247
requires its proportion altered before germi- nation can be effected, 104
its conversion into carbonic acid during the process of germina- tion, 14
Carbonate of ammonia, mode of apply.
must be applied
with great cau- tion, 550
Carbonic acid, a component part of the food of plants, 28, 544 conditions under which it is slowly formed, 233, 544
Carbonic acid, decomposed furnishes an | Chloroform, its effects on plants, 8 essential part of the Circulation of sap, 40
secretions of plants, 545 formation of, in seeds, 248 its decomposition in plants during the day, 60 its formation during the process of germination, 14
its formation by plants
during the night, 60 its mode of introduction into the system of plants,
periods at which plants cease to decompose it, 79 probable effect of preserv- ing seeds in an atmos- phere of, 252
Carburetted hydrogen gas, 168
Celery, instance of a broken leaf emitting roots, 24
Cells of which plants consist, have their own special power of secretion, 344 Cellular matter formed by leaves, 276
its junction, the cause of adhesion in the stock and scion, 344
surfaces must be brought in con- tact in grafting, 336
system, 336
horizontal system, 337
tissue combined with woody fibre, 35
Centrifugal development of leaves, 55 Centripetal development of leaves, 55
Ceratonia siliqua, remarkable instance of vitality in, 261
Chara, singular motion in, 9 Charcoal, packing seeds in, 249
method of preparing it for gar- dening purposes, 546 peat, 545
powdered, its value when mixed with soil, 545
Chemical changes in seeds, 227 Cherries, forcing of, 149
propagation of, by budding, 310 Cherry-tree, instance of a Birch growing out of the decayed trunk,
349 pruning and training of, 389 Chestnuts, best mode of packing, 251 propagation of, by budding,
Chinese mode of dwarfing trees, 368 Chlorine employed to promote germina- tion, 237
proportion of in rain-water, 28
Hales's experiments
on, 51 Cissus hydrophora, remarkable instance of vitality in, 261 Clay, burnt, as manure, 566
its mode of action and great value, 567
oolitic, successful mode of culti vating a soil of, 540
its properties, 525
soil, has the power of absorbing or fixing ammonia, 548
Cleft grafting, 328, 330, 331 Climate of Ava, 510
Brazil, 509 Canaries, 509
Cape of Good Hope, 508
of leaves influenced by light, 70 yellow in plants, causes of its occurrence, 109
Coloured light, effects of, on plants, 300 its influence on germina- tion, 238
Colouring matter in the madder plant, its production, 300
Colours of plants, cause of their forma- tion, 109
Columella's assertion of grafting the olive on the fig explained, 347 Combretum purpureum, mode of increas- ing it, 450
Composite flowers require to be kept dry before they will ripen seed, 242 Compost for American plants, 532 for Dutch bulbs, 534 Concrete applied to vine borders, 144 Concreting, its effects in raising the tem- perature, 147 Conduction, 161
Conifers, instances of some being struck from pieces of the root, 283
evil of the soil in which they are placed being kept too wet, 293
importance of their ends touch- ing the bottom of a pot, 286 in what respect they differ from seeds, 269 M. Delacroix's striking, 296
mode of preparing, 298 mode of striking, in phials of water, 297
necessity for a due adjustment of heat, light, and moisture, in the striking of, 289 necessity for the shading of, 291 of succulents, mode of treating, 294
packing of, 255 propagation by, 281 singular phenomenon with respect to the striking of, 295 the most favourable time for striking of, 282
their power of rooting always greatest when they begin to push, 292 Cytoblast, or vital centre, 7
D'ALBRET's practice of budding, 309 practical directions for graft- ing, 325
Damping off, 212 Dampness, excess of, indispensable to plants in a state of rapid growth, 211 of glass-houses, 205
Darkness favourable to the production of roots, 25
Daubeney, Dr., his experiments on the power of plants to se- lect their food, 27 experiments on the effect of coloured light on plants, 300
Debility brought on by high tempera- ture, 107
propagation by division, not a cause of, 269
secures permanence in some va- rieties of plants, 467
Decaisne, M., his experiments relative to the production of colouring matter in madder, 300
De Candolle, M., laws of temperature with respect to its influence on vege- tation, 113
Deciduous cypress, great extension of its root in search of water, 19 plants, 79
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