of prisoners of war shall govern payments to sanitary personnel. Upon identification as such, they shall receive back pay due them.

Article 149

The sanitary personnel of the armed forces of the two Contracting Parties captured while serving with the armed forces of an ally or cobelligerent shall be embraced in this agreement as though taken while serving with their own armed forces.

Article 150

The provisions of Articles 140 to 147 inclusive and 149 shall apply to all members of the designated relief societies mentioned in Article 138 captured by either of the Contracting Parties.

C. CIVILIAN CITIZENS AND CIVIL PRISONERS

I. REPATRIATION AND INTERNMENT IN A NEUTRAL COUNTRY OF CIVILIAN CITIZENS AND CIVIL PRISONERS

Article 151

Of the civil prisoners in the custody of the Contracting Parties at the time when this Agreement goes into effect, the following shall be repatriated upon their wish, and without regard to number:

(a) Women and children.

(b) Males, other than the officers of merchant ships, who, on the day when this Agreement goes into effect, have not completed their seventeenth year or have passed their forty-fifth year.

(c) Males of any age who, on the day when this Agreement goes into effect, are within the invalid classes specified in Annex I, Sections I A, II A and III, or described in Article 6, of this Agreement.

Article 152

Male civil prisoners who, on the day when this Agreement goes into effect, have not completed their forty-fifth year shall, upon their wish, be repatriated as provided by Article 151 b, as soon as they have reached the specified age.

Article 153

Male civil prisoners who, on the day when this Agreement goes into effect, have completed their seventeenth but have not passed their forty-fifth year, shall be interned in a neutral country upon their wish if within the invalid classes specified in Annex I, Sections I B, II B, and III and described in Article 6 hereof. They may be repatriated therefrom by the authorities of the neutral country in the manner herein provided for interned invalid prisoners of war (Article 19).

Article 154

Of the civil prisoners in the custody of the Contracting Parties at the time when this Agreement goes into effect, and who are not eligible for repatriation or internment in a neutral country according to Articles 151, 152, and 153, there shall be repatriated, upon the conditions herein set forth, and upon their wish:

(a) Officers of merchant ships, head for head. Should the number of such officers in the possession of the Contracting Parties, respectively, be, at any time, unequal so that a surplus will remain after all exchanges under this clause have been effected, the residue may be exchanged, head for head, regardless of rank for officer prisoners of war, and regardless of the length of the latter's imprisonment. (b) Other males who, on the date when this Agreement goes into effect, have completed their seventeenth year, but have not passed their forty-fifth year, these head for head.

Article 155

The legal wives, daughters, and sons under seventeen of civilian citizens or civil prisoners, as also of prisoners of war, repatriated or interned under this Agreement shall be forwarded, upon their wish, with their husbands or fathers.

Article 156

All civilian citizens of the United States who are in Germany at the time when this Agreement goes into effect (whether civil prisoners or free) may, within three months thereafter, ask to be repatriated. Notice of this permission and of the proper authorities to whom application may be made shall be made public through official

announcement in the German newspapers. This notice shall be published at the latest on the day this Agreement becomes effective. A corresponding notice shall, on the same day, be sent by the German Government to the diplomatic representative of the Protecting Power, which shall be free to inform directly the persons in question.

Article 157

The requests made in accordance with Article 156 shall, in principle, be granted with the exception provided for in 167.

Lists of those civilian citizens of the United States who will be so repatriated shall be sent every two weeks by the German Government to the diplomatic representative of the Protecting Power, in order that the same may be immediately cabled by it to the Government of the United States.

Article 158

Civilian citizens of the United States who, within the period mentioned in Article 156, have not expressed a desire to be repatriated, or who have not left Germany within six weeks after their request has been approved, shall be considered as having waived all the benefits of Articles 156 and 157, provided their departure was not prevented by causes beyond their control.

Article 159

Upon receipt of notification from the Protecting Power, as specified in Article 157, the Government of the United States shall forward, as soon as there may be opportunity, as many German civil prisoners entitled to repatriation or internment under Articles 151 to 153, inclusive, as will correspond to the number of citizens of the United States having permission to depart from Germany.

The Contracting Parties shall, without delay, inform each other, through diplomatic channels, of the departure of their respective nationals; and any discrepancy in numbers resulting therefrom shall be equalized in the next shipment.

Article 160

Should the number of civil prisoners and civilian citizens of the United States who have departed from Germany exceed the number of German civil prisoners entitled to repatriation or internment

upon the conditions prescribed in Articles 151 to 154, inclusive, the excess shall be compensated by the repatriation of a like number of German civil prisoners of the class described in Article 154b, preference being given in this event to those who, in the opinion of the medical officers of the Captor State, should be released from captivity for reasons of health.

Should the number of civilian citizens of the United States who have departed from Germany be less than the number of German civil prisoners entitled to repatriation or internment in accordance with Articles 151 to 153 inclusive, the number entitled to repatriation or internment thereunder shall nevertheless be forwarded.

Article 161

Except as provided in the following article, only those shall be considered as citizens or nationals of the United States, in the sense of Articles 151 to 160 inclusive hereof, who, at the moment of departure, are in possession of a valid passport or certificate of identity duly issued by authority of the Government of the United States.

Article 162

Officers and members of the crews of American or German merchant ships shall be entitled to the benefits of this Agreement regardless of their individual citizenship.

Article 163

The repatriation of civilian citizens and civil prisoners of the United States from Germany shall be deemed to be accomplished, within the meaning of this Agreement, upon their arrival at some point within the control of the military forces of the United States, or within the territorial limits of France, Switzerland, The Netherlands, or Denmark; and that of civil prisoners from the United States upon their arrival on board such neutral vessel as may be arranged for by the Contracting Parties or by the Commission provided for in Article 174; their further transportation in either case to be at the care of the Government concerned.

Article 164

The Contracting Parties shall have the right to detain civilian citizens and civil prisoners in quarantine for a period not exceeding

two months prior to their departure for repatriation or internment. In case quarantine be necessary, the period thereof shall be so arranged as to cause the least practicable delay in the departure of the persons affected.

Article 165

The provisions of Article 20 of this Agreement are extended to cover civilian prisoners serving sentence for breaches of camp discipline or held awaiting trial therefor.

Article 166

Subject to the conditions stated in Article 22, civilians and civil prisoners who are to be repatriated or interned in a neutral country, may take with them moneys in their personal possession, clothing, household effects, personal papers and articles such as those enumerated in Article 28, paragraph 3.

Article 167

The Contracting Parties reserve the right to detain such individual civilians as they may designate. The names of the persons so designated shall be promptly communicated to the Protecting Powers.

Article 168

Civilian citizens and civil prisoners repatriated in accordance with this Agreement may be employed by their respective Governments only as provided in Article 21 hereof.

II. TREATMENT OF CIVIL PRISONERS

Article 169

The provisions of Articles 23 to 31 inclusive, 33, 37 to 40 inclusive, 52 to 123 inclusive, 133, 134 and 137 of this Agreement shall apply to civil prisoners in the same manner as to prisoners of war, with such modification as circumstances may require; provided, always, that no such modification shall be less favorable to the prisoners than the original provision, and that consideration be paid to their education and profession.