thus: "Large and muscular. with an air and an eye in which a half natural, and half assumed indolent good-nature and simplicity is curiously blended with a kind of cunning, and consciousness of superiority. He spoke very fearlessly and readily on all subjects, without study, or apparent attention to words or effect. * *He is in my opinion indisputably the greatest orator in the House; nervous, passionate, without art or ornament; concise, intrepid, terrible; far more in the style of old Demosthenic directness and vehemence than anything I have heard in this modern world."

Our task is nearly ended. We have touched on the pedantry of Jeffrey's boyhood, fostered by over-culture, till, at the early age of fifteen, he flatters himself into the dishonest belief, that the vanity which prompted him to obtrude his crude correspondence on his old master was "an emotion in the powers of the will, rather than of the intellect;" we have seen him outlive the sinister precocity, and devote the growing energies of his young life to a course of study, at once original and laborious; we have marked the early years of his manhood, employed in honorable emulation with his contemporaries, contemporaries, the greater number of whom reflected back on him in the course of their own splendid career the full measure of the illumination they derived from the companionship of his talent and his worth; we have blushed with him at that invidious repulse his "patient merit of the unworthy took;" we have risen with him to "the height of his great argument,❞—the Edinburgh Review; we have shared the anxieties of his arduous practice at the bar; we have glowed with him in the struggles of the political arena, and applauded his public spirit, his moderation, and integrity; we have seen the avenues of power made holy by his gentle, earnest, and loving approach, and the crown of judicial dignity awarded to his diligence and worth; we have been (through the intermediate introduction of a genial biography) as a friend amongst his friends, in the innocent hours when the fire upon his hearth was a star of comfort to all within the influence of its light; and what remains to tell is but a Date-Saturday, THE 26TH OF JANUARY, 1850, ÆTATIS 77.

"He was not so much distinguished" says Lord Cockburn, "by the predominance of any one great quality, as by the union of several of the finest. Rapidity of intellect, instead of misleading, as it often does, was

combined in him with great soundness; and a high condition of the reasoning powers with an active and delightful fancy. Though not what is termed learned, his knowledge was various; and on literature, politics, and the philosophy of life, it was deep. A taste exquisitely delicate and largely exercised, was one of the great sources of his enjoyment, and of his unmatched critical skill. But the peculiar charm of his character lay in the junction of intellectual power with moral worth. His honor was superior to every temptation by which the world could assail it. The pleasures of the heart were necessary for his existence, and were referred by him to every other gratification, except the pleasures of conscience. Passing much of his time in literary and political contention, he was never once chilled by an unkind feeling, even towards those he was trying to overcome. An habitual gaiety never allowed its thoughtlessness, nor an habitual prudence its caution, to interfere with any claim of charity or duty. Nor was this merely the passive amiableness of a gentle disposition. It was the positive humanity of a resolute man, glowing in the conflicts of the world.

His

"He prepared himself for what he did by judicious early industry. He then chose the most difficult spheres in which talent can be exerted, and excelled in them all; rising from obscurity and dependence to affluence and renown. splendour as an advocate was exceeded by his eminence as a judge. He was the founder of a new system of criticism, and this a higher one than had ever existed. As an editor, and as a writer, he did as much to improve his country and the world, as can almost ever be done, by discussion, by a single man. He was the last of four pre-eminent Scotchmen, who, living in their own country, raised its character and extended its reputation, during the period of his career. The other three were Dugald Stewart, Walter Scott, and Thomas Chalmers; each of whom, in literature, philosophy, or policy, caused great changes; and each left upon his age the impression of the mind that produced them. Jeffrey, though surpassed in genius certainly by Scott, and perhaps by Chalmers, was inferior to none of them in public usefulness, or in the beauty of the means by which he achieved it, or in its probable duration. The elevation of the public mind was his peculiar glory. In one respect alone he was unfortunate. The assaults which he led against error, were efforts in which

the value of his personal services can never be duly seen. His position required him to dissipate, in detached and nameless exertions, as much philosophy and beautiful composition as would have sustained avowed and important original works. He has raised a great monument, but it is one on which his own name is too faintly engraved."

ART. III. THE STREETS OF DUBLIN.

NO. II.

In the majority of European cities the most ancient streets are usually to be found in the vicinity of the castle or chief fortress of the town, the protection afforded by which was an object of paramount importance to the burghers during the unsettled state of society in the middle ages. Castle street, in the city of Dublin, or "Vicus castri," as it is styled in the old records, is nearly coeval with the first establishment of the Anglo Norman power in Ireland. In the year 1235, while Henry III. filled the throne of England, we find a portion of this street mentioned as the habitation of certain artizans engaged in the manufacture of armour; and from a pipe roll of A.D. 1260, it appears that the king's exchequer was situated on the south west part of Castle street, even before that early period. The antiquity of the locality was further confirmed by the discovery there, about a hundred years ago, of an ancient leaden water pipe, bearing upon it an inscription of the thirteenth century. "The entrance into the castle from the city," says a writer in 1766, "was on the north side, by a drawbridge, placed between two strong round towers from Castle street, which took its name from the fortress. The towers were called the gate-towers, and the most west-ward of them till lately subsisted, the other having been some time before pulled down, to make a more commodious entrance into the court of the castle. The gate-way between these towers was furnished with a port-cullis, armed with iron, to raise or let down as occasion required, and to serve as a second defence, in case the drawbridge had been

surprised by an enemy. Since the invention of artillery, two pieces of great ordnance were planted on a platform opposite to the gate, to defend it, if the drawbridge and portcullis should happen to be forced. From the western gate-tower, a strong and high courtin extended in a line parallel to Castle-street as far as another tower which in the last century took the name of Cork-tower upon the following occasion. On the first of May, 1624, about nine o'clock in the morning, this tower suddenly fell down, and being only in part re-built at the charge of the publick, Richard Boyle, the opulent and first earl of Cork, in the year 1629, undertook to finish it at his own expence, and in the accomplishment thereof disbursed 4087. His arms, and an inscription were fixed in the wall, at the place from whence he carried the work. This tower has been since demolished to make room for other buildings."

On the south side of the street was situated Austin's lane, extending to Austin's gate in Ship street. "This took the name of Austin's gate, either as it was dedicated to that saint, or, as it afforded a passage to the friars of that order to attend the citizens in their nightly confessions and other duties, when the principal gates of the city were kept close shut and guarded." On a portion of this lane stood the house of sir James Ware, which is described in 1618, in an official document, as "all the place, tenement, or house and shop, occupied by Thomas Pinnocke, goldsmith, deceased, and now by James Ware, esq., with two small gardens annexed, situate within the precinct of the castle ditch; and extending from the castle bridge to the city wall west of the said bridge; and from the castle west and north of the said castle." The first of the old French family of de Warr, le Ware, or Ware who settled in Ireland, was James Ware who came over as secretary to lord deputy Fitz William in 1588, five years after which he was appointed clerk of the common pleas in the exchequer. "He afterwards obtained a reversionary patent for the office of auditor general to commence on the death, forfeiture or surrender of the then present officer (Christopher Peyton), dated the 28th July, 44 Eliz. This last was an employment of good reputation and considerable profit, which continued near a century in his family, except for a short interval during the usurpation of Oliver Cromwell, and the several succeeding governments until the restoration. The benefit and income of this office enabled him to make several considerable

purchases in the county and city of Dublin and elsewhere." His eldest son, James, born in Castle street in 1594 studied with distinction at Trinity college, Dublin, then under the government of its fourth provost, the learned William Temple, grandfather of the celebrated Irish author aud statesman of the same name, and also distinguished for having been the secretary of sir Philip Sidney, until the death of that accomplished knight after the battle of Zutphen, after which he acted in the same capacity for the earl of Essex.

That

"Ware continued about six years in the university; and having left it he prosecuted his studies at his father's house with the utmost application. It was here he fell under the notice of Dr. Usher, then bishop of Meath, who discovering in him a great propensity to the study of antiquities, and an inclination of employing himself among old records and manuscripts, encouraged him in that sort of learning, in which he so much delighted himself: and from that time there continued a close and intimate friendship between them. learned prelate concludes the first edition of one of his immortal works in these words, Interim dum nos, &c. In the meantime having finished that task, which I looked upon as a debt due by me to my country and fellow-citizens, while I am entering into the consideration of digesting into method the antient chronology of the Hebrews, Greeks, Romans, and other nations, the courteous reader may, from the labours of sir James Ware of Dublin, knight, our most worthy auditor-general, expect the annals of Ireland, together with a catalogue of the writers of our country, out of which may be drawn a considerable supplement to those particulars in which I have been defective.' And it was in that very year 1639, in which the archbishop's book de Primordiis came out, that our author published his treatise 'de scriptoribus Hiberniæ.' But this was after his father's death. His father thinking it convenient he should marry, procured him a match to both their satisfactions. It was Mary, the daughter of Jacob Newman* of the city of Dublin, esq. But this alteration in his condition did not in the least take him off from his beloved studies. He had begun to gather manuscripts, and make collections from the libraries of Irish antiquaries, and genealogists, and from the registries and cartularies of cathedrals and monasteries, in which he spared no expence. He had recourse, when he pleased,

* He was clerk in the rolls office in the court of chancery. Among the "Lansdowne Manuscripts" in the British Museum are preserved extracts "out of the white book of the exchequer which was burnt in sir Francis Aungier's closet at Jacob Newmans in 1610." From this book, otherwise known as liber albus scaccarii," sir John Davies quotes certain curious old English verses in his "Discoverie of the true causes why Ireland was never entirely subdued, nor brought under obedience to the croune of England," till the reign of James I.

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