These diseases have come through the milk-supply, though not from the milk itself, but from the processes concerned in its manipulation and distribution, and they have been known to come from the use of impure water for cleansing milk vessels, as well as the milk-man's use of it to increase his supply. It is scarcely possible to be too careful in the use of pure water for either drinking or cooking purposes, or cleansing of vessels to contain milk. Where impure water abounds, an important safeguard is that of boiling the water as well as the milk, by which both are sterilized. In a late number of an English magazine, it is stated. that in England alone, more deaths are attributable to impure water than to pure, impure, and adulterated spirits and alcoholic drinks altogether, and the diseases from which the miserable victims die are hideous and repulsive as those caused by drink. Great scourges, formerly known as dispensations of Divine wrath, are now known to be the results of sanitary pollution. The fact that large classes of diseases which assume an epidemic form, and carry off large numbers of victims, are essentially filth diseases, may well emphasize the subject under discussion to all who have any regard for the welfare of their fellow men. With a proper attention to cleanliness, public as well as personal, we should have none of those epidemics. The reason why cholera, a water-borne disease, is so continually prevalent in India, is because of the abominable water used. There is no public water supply, and the natives use water that has been contaminated by their own secretions. The effect of this is shown in a marked degree at the time of their religious pilgrimages, when thousands are literally swept out of existence by the use of this impure water. It was the impurities contained in the waters of the river Elbe, that caused the great calamity to the city of Hamburg last year. The expense of that, to the city alone, has been estimated at £25,000,000! A recent report from the Health Commissioner of Chicago states that during the year ending September 30th, 1892, when the water supply of that city was taken from points along the lake front liable to pollution from sewage, the number of deaths from typhoid fever alone was 1790. As a contrast, he states that during the year ending September 30th, 1893, when the water supply was brought through tunnels from a point four miles from the lake shore, the number of deaths from typhoid fever was reduced to 712, or less than one half. From youth up to old age, nothing so develops man, physically, mentally, and morally, as an intimate acquaintance with soap and water. The sacred rite of Baptism is simply symbolic of the Bath, the two words having the same derivation. The baptistry, originally was a building, often of great architectural beauty, separate from the church, and only after many years absorbed into it. Even to-day in some churches, washing of the feet is made a sacred rite, and the use of water for the prevention and cure of disease has the sanction of experience from the remotest ages. The ancients had watergods, water-nymphs, and water-spirits, to preside over different bodies of water. There are numerous cases of river worship in Africa. Among other rivers in India, the Ganges is considered sacred, and the natives believe that to bathe in its waters, particularly at great stated religious festivals, will wash away the stain of sin. In our own country the Dakotas are said to worship a god of the waters. Sir Lyon Playfair, in an address before the British Association, of which he was President, said, that the whole of Sanitary Science could be comprised in two words, "Be Clean!" Most fortunately this condition is placed within man's reach. The clean man, other things being equal, will be the healthy man, and the moral man. To attain this condition he must secure pure air, pure water, cleanliness in and around the house, cleanliness of person, dress and food, cleanliness in life and conversation, in other words, purity of life, and temperance in all things, to the end that his days may be long, and that these days may be productive of good to his fellow men. DR. LEWIS G. JANES:-It is of interest to us as Americans to note the effect which water has had in forwarding our own national development, and favoring our survival as an integral political organization. It is the surrounding oceans which make America a continent-or twin conti nents, if you please-and which thereby give to our national ambition, continental scope and opportunity. The natural protection which the seas afford us is of far greater import and value than the artificial protection of forts or tariffs. Upon the perception of this fact was based that great principle of public policy, recognized by our government from its earliest days, the Monroe doctrine. Tersely stated, this doctrine affirms that no foreign nation shall hereafter be permitted to colonize any part of these two continents, or to interfere with the autonomy of American nationalities; and on the other hand, it gives assurance that we will not interfere with the affairs of other nations beyond our own continental limits, and within these limits only for their own or our just protection. We do not claim the right to appropriate territory even in this continent without the full consent of its inhabitants and owners; but within the bounds of equity and justice, our legitimate ambition may well find a continental scope. Without annexing other American territory than that which we now possess, we may cultivate reciprocal relationships of friendship and commercial intercourse with the nations of these two continents to our mutual advantage. Though not a special admirer of the political methods of the late Mr. Blaine, as some of you are aware, his plan for friendly reciprocity between the nations of America had in it some elements of a true statesmanship. Thomas Jefferson defined the proper limitations for territorial expansion to be where no navy would be required for the protection of our possessions. If we adhere to this wise and established policy of our government, resisting all temptations to territorial acquisition beyond our continental limits, recognizing the natural barrier and protection of the seas, not stretching out a mercenary hand to those beautiful islands 2,000 miles from our Pacific coast, but encouraging their people to work out their own political salvation in their own way, while we vigorously repel encroachments on American domain and conserve that wise principle of local autonomy and federal union which constitutes the very essence of our national life, we may find in this all-embracing element which at once integrates us as a people and differentiates us from alien communities, not only the universally recognized symbolism of purity, but the |