Johnson's argument was for a renewal of its strictness. The paper was printed, with additions by me, and given into the Court of Session. Lord Hailes knew Dr. Johnson's part not to be mine, and pointed out exactly where it began and where it ended. Dr. Johnson said, "It is much, now, that his lordship can distinguish so."

In Dr. Johnson's "Vanity of Human Wishes" there is the following passage:

"The teeming mother, anxious for her race,

Begs for each birth the fortune of a face;

Yet Vane could tell what ills from beauty spring,

And Sedley cursed the charms which pleased a king.”

Lord Hailes told him he was mistaken in the instances he had given of unfortunate fair ones, for neither Vane nor Sedley had a title to that description. His Lordship has since been so obliging as to send me a note of this, for the communication of which I am sure my readers will thank me.

"The lines in the tenth satire of Juvenal, according to my alteration, should have run thus:

"The first was a penitent by compulsion, the second by sentiment: though the truth is, Mademoiselle de la Valière threw herself (but still from sentiment) in the king's way. Our friend chose Vane, who was far from being well-looked, and Sedley, who was so ugly that Charles II. said his brother had her by way of penance."

Mr. Maclaurin's learning and talents enabled him to do his part very well in Dr. Johnson's company. He produced two epitaphs upon his father, the celebrated mathematician. One was in English, of which Dr. Johnson did not change one word. In the other, which was in Latin, he made several alterations. In place of the very words of Virgil, “Ubi luctus et pavor et plurima mortis imago," he wrote “Ubi luctus regnant et pavor.” He introduced the word prorsus into the line, "Mortalibus prorsus non absit solatium," and after '" Hujus enim scripta

1 Mistress of Edward IV.

2 Mistress of Louis XIV.

evolve," he added, "Mentemque tantarum rerum capacem corpori caduco superstitem crede," which is quite applicable to Dr. Johnson himself.

Mr. Murray, advocate, who married a nicce of Lord Mansfield's and is now one of the judges of Scotland, by the title of Lord Henderland, sat with us a part of the evening, but did not venture to say anything that I remember, though he is certainly possessed of talents which would have enabled him to have shown himself to advantage, if too great anxiety had not prevented him.

At supper we had Dr. Alexander Webster, who, though not learned, had such a knowledge of mankind, such a fund of information and entertainment, so clear a head and such accommodating manners, that Dr. Johnson found him a very agreeable companion.

When Dr. Johnson and I were left by ourselves, I read to him my notes of the Opinions of our Judges upon the Questions of Literary Property. He did not like them, and said, "They make me think of your judges not with that respect which I should wish to do." To the argument of one of them that there can be no property in blasphemy or nonsense, he answered, "Then your rotten sheep are mine. By that rule, when a man's house falls into decay, he must lose it." I mentioned an argument of mine, that literary performances are not taxed; as Churchill says,

"No statesman yet has thought it worth his pains

To tax our labours or excise our brains;

and therefore they are not property. "Yet," said he, "we hang a man for stealing a horse, and horses are not taxed." Mr. Pitt has since put an end to that argument.

WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 18.

On this day we set out from Edinburgh. We should gladly have had Mr. Scott to go with us, but he was obliged to return to England. I have given a sketch of Dr. Johnson; my readers may wish to know a little of his fellow traveller. Think, then, of a gentleman of ancient blood, the pride of which was his

predominant passion. He was then in his thirty-third year, and had been about four years happily married. His inclination was to be a soldier; but his father, a respectable judge, had pressed him into the profession of the law. He had travelled a good deal, and seen many varieties of human life. He had thought more than anybody supposed, and had a pretty good stock of general learning and knowledge. He had all Dr. Johnson's principles, with some degree of relaxation. He had rather too little than too much prudence; and his imagination being lively, he often said things of which the effect was very different from the intention. He resembled sometimes

"The best good man, with the worst natured muse."

He cannot deny himself the vanity of finishing with the encomium of Dr. Johnson, whose friendly partiality to the companion of his tour represents him as one "whose acuteness would help my inquiry, and whose gaiety of conversation and civility of manners are sufficient to counteract the inconveniences of travel in countries less hospitable than we have passed."

Dr. Johnson thought it unnecessary to put himself to the additional expense of bringing with him Francis Barber, his faithful black servant; so we were attended only by my man, Joseph Ritter, a Bohemian, a fine stately fellow above six feet high, who had been over a great part of Europe, and spoke many languages. He was the best servant I ever saw. Let not my readers disdain his introduction, for Dr. Johnson gave him this character: "Sir, he is a civil man and a wise man."

From an erroncous apprehension of violence, Dr. Johnson had provided a pair of pistols, some gunpowder, and a quantity of bullets; but upon being assured we should run no risk of meeting any robbers, he left his arms and ammunition in an open drawer, of which he gave my wife the charge. He also left in that drawer one volume of a pretty full and curious diary of his life of which I have a few fragments, but the book has been destroyed. I wish female curiosity had been strong enough to have had it all transcribed, which might easily have been done; and I should think the theft, being pro bono publico, might have been forgiven. But I may be wrong. My wife told

me she never once looked into it. She did not seem quite easy when we left her; but away we went.

Mr. Nairne, advocate, was to go with us as far as St. Andrews. It gives me pleasure that by mentioning his name I connect his title to the just and handsome compliment paid him by Dr. Johnson in his book: "A gentleman who could stay with us only long enough to make us know how much we lost by his leaving us." When we came to Leith, I talked with perhaps too boasting an air how pretty the Frith of Forth looked; as, indeed, after the prospect from Constantinople, of which I have been told, and that from Naples, which I have seen, I believe the view of that frith and its environs, from the castle-hill of Edinburgh, is the finest prospect in Europe. "Ay," said Dr. Johnson, "that is the state of the world. Water is the same everywhere.

I told him the port here was the mouth of the river or water of Leith. "Not Lethe," said Mr. Nairne. "Why, sir," said Dr. Johnson, "when a Scotchman sets out from this port for England, he forgets his native country."-NAIRNE: "I hope, sir, you will forget England here."-JOHNSON: "Then 'twill still be more Lethe." He observed of the pier or quay, "You have no occasion for so large a one; your trade does not require it. But you are like a shopkeeper who takes a shop, not only for what he has to put in it, but that it may be believed he has a great deal to put into it." It is very true that there is now comparatively little trade upon the eastern coast of Scotland. The riches of Glasgow show how much there is in the west; and perhaps we shall find trade travel westward on a great scale as well as a small.

We talked of a man's drowning himself.-JOHNSON: "I shall never think it time to make away with myself." I put the case of Eustace Budgell, who was accused of forging a will, and sunk

1 "Non illic urbes, non tu mirabere silvas;
Una est injusti cærula forma maris."

OVID. AMOR. Lib. II. El. xi.

Nor groves nor towns the ruthless ocean shows;
Unvaried still its azure surface flows.

himself in the Thames before the trial of its authenticity came

"Suppose, sir," said I, " that a man is absolutely sure that if he lives a few days longer he shall be detected in a fraud, the consequence of which will be utter disgrace and expulsion from society."-JOHNSON: "Then, sir, let him go abroad to a distant country. Let him go to some place where he is not known; don't let him go to the devil, where he is known."

He then said, "I see a number of people barefooted here; I suppose you all went so before the Union. Boswell, your ancestors went so when they had as much land as your family has now. Yet Auchinleck is the field of stones; there would be bad going barefooted there. The lairds, however, did it." I bought some speldings, fish (generally whitings) salted and dried in a particular manner, being dipped in the sea and dried in the sun, and eaten by the Scots by way of a relish. He had never seen them, though they are sold in London. I insisted on scottifying his palate; but he was very reluctant. With difficulty I prevailed with him to let a bit of one of them lie in his mouth. He did not like it.

In crossing the frith, Dr. Johnson determined that we should land upon Inch Keith. Inch Keith. On approaching it, we first observed a high rocky shore. We coasted about, and put into a little bay on the north-west. We clambered up a very steep ascent, on which was very good grass, but rather a profusion of thistles. There were sixteen head of black cattle grazing upon the island. Lord Hailes observed to me that Brantome calls it "L'Isle des Chevaux," and that it was probably "a safer stable" than many others in his time. The fort, with an inscription on it, "Maria Re. 1504," is strongly built. Dr. Johnson examined it with much attention. He stalked like a giant among the luxuriant thistles and nettles. There are three wells in the island, but we could not find one in the fort. There must probably have been one, though now filled up, as a garrison could not subsist without it. But I have dwelt too long on this little spot. Dr. Johnson afterwards bade me try to write a description of our

1 My friend General Campbell, Governor of Madras, tells me that they make speldings in the East Indies, particularly at Bombay, where they call them bambaloes.