SECTION IV.

CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTARY SOUNDS. I. TABLE OF ELEMENTARY SOUNDS.

II. VOCALS AND EQUIVALENTS.

[Arranged according to the natural order of their formation by the organs of speech.]

III. SUBVOCALS AND ASPIRATES.

[Arranged according to the natural order of their formation by the organs of speech.]

II. SUBTONICS WITHOUT COGNATES.

m.-m-ai-m, ǎ-in.

n.-n-u-n, n-i-ne. 1.-1-ŭ-ll, oi-1.

r (rough).—r-ule, r-ōom.
r (smooth).-ō-re, mō-re.
ng.—si-ng, ri-ng.

IV. TABLE OF CONSONANT SOUNDS.

[Classified according to their formation by the organs of speech.]

In order to secure correct and forcible articulation, it may be desirable to call the attention of pupils to the position of the organs of speech in making the consonant sounds. Teachers can do this without any detailed instructions in print.

V. PHONIC DRILL.-SUBVOCALS AND ASPIRATES.

b.-bābe, brībe, rib, bid, rõbe, bird, eûrb.
ç, s.-çent, sinçe, onçe, içe, face, race, sense.
ch.-chûrch, birch, lunch, cheese, chime.
d.—dĭd, dead, ride, diçe, death, thread, dried.
f, gh-fine, off, fife, fear, deaf, foot, läugh.
g-gag, gig, game, gills, råg, good, gauge.
h-hōme, how, whọ, hâir, hate, hill, hiş.
j, g-joy, just, jet, āģe, pāģe, ģěm, ģill.

k, e.—kill, kīte, look, eame, eọuld, eāke, erowd.
eh.—ãehe, chôrd, ehỹme, ehýle, ehoir, ehōrus.
1.--look, lŭll, ball, boil, lăd, well, tall, pale.
m.-māke, room, main, moon, numb, mãim.
n.-noon, nēat, těn, nine, nun, pin, nône.
ng-sing, ring, thing, bank, rank, thank.

p.—pīpe, eŭp, eāpe, hōpe, rīpe, drop, paid.
r-rōar, rear, fire, floor, door, stōre, mōre.
s, c. sauce, sinçe, saw, Içe, inçense, source.
sh, ch-shine, shǎll, çhāişe, wish, bush, chute.
t.-těnt, dot, tell, write, time, trot, threat.
th.—thick, death, thin, length, width, throat.
th.-this, these, thōşe, then, that, with, thêir.
v.-vīne, ēve, võte, move, veer, nerve, věst.
w.-wind, wět, wōe, wait, weâr, wīşe, wood.
wh.—when, whêre, why, what, wheat, wheel.
x=ks.—ŏx, box, locks, ǎx, tăx, lăcks, věx, fox.
X=gz.—exact, exist, example, exhaust, exert.
y.—yes, yět, yĕll, year, young, youth, truth.
z.-zōne, buzz, breeze, ooze, lose, iş, zîne.
zh.-ăzure, pleasure, measure, treasure.

VI. ARTICULATION DRILL.

- First, pronounce each word very distinctly and forcibly; then give the phonic spelling, and re-pronounce the word.

rb.—ôrb, herb, vẽrb, eûrb, bärb, gärb.

rd.—härd, lärd, bärd, eärd, bōard, hōard.
rk,—ärk, bärk, pärk, härk, märk, lärk.
spr.-spring, sprăng, sprung, spray, sprite.
rt.-ärt, heärt, pärt, cärt, därt, stärt.
str.-string, strung, straight, strength, stray.
sts.-måsts, fasts, fists, nests, vests, pests.
sks.-åsks, tåsks, båsks, cåsks, måsks.
skt.—åsked, tåsked, båsked, måsked, råsped.
sps.—gåsps, clasps, råsps, håsps, gråsps.
spt.-gåsped, clasped, råsped, håsped, gråsped.
th-this, that, these, those, with, bathe.
th-three, throat, thrill, thick, thin, bath.
wh.-when, whêre, why, what, which, wheat.
du.-laden, burden, harden, sadden, gladden.
kn.-heärken, liken, weaken, spōken, brōken.
pn.-ōpen, weapon, happen, rīpen, deepen.
vn.-given, seven, oven, heaven, leaven, even.
sn. glisten, hästen, fästen, lesson, mason.

VII. ARTICULATION DRILL.

1. Round the rough rock the ragged rascal ran. 2. Shoes and socks shock Susan.

(Repeat.)

3. The scene was truly rural. (Repeat.)

4. She uttered a sharp, shrill shriek. (Repeat.) 5. The difficulties were formidable, inexplicable, and irremediable.

6. Amidst the mists and coldest frosts,

With stoutest wrists and loudest boasts,
He thrusts his fists against the posts,
And still insists he sees the ghosts.