egar; the milk to soothe the man and the vinegar to ostracise the beast! Or else by dissolving carbonate of soda in a little water, warming it over a candle, and applying it to the part that was wounded by the mosquito. As to the fleas of Southern Europe, tourists will find them spry and thirsty-dreadfully blood-thirsty.

It may be of use to have a small bottle of some medicine which will serve in case of sudden attacks of those diseases which are peculiar to summer, and which are occasioned by changes of diet, climatic influences, and the like. A small pocket-flask of good brandy, called cognac on the Continent, is a valuable article to carry along as a provision against suffering from these attacks, but it must be of the best quality, else it will only aggravate the disease. The following recipe is also one of the very best, and it can be easily prepared by any druggist : Tinct. opii, capsici, rhei co., menth pip., campho. Mix the above in equal parts; dose, ten to twenty drops in three or four teaspoonsful of water. plain terms, take equal parts of tincture of opium, red pepper, rhubarb, peppermint, and camphor, and mix them for use.

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There is another remedy recommended on the Continent: "A simple remedy for cholera and dysentery, used in Syria by the natives, is powdered charcoal (made of burnt bread); a teaspoonful of which, in a cup of sugarless coffee, is a good daily dose."

It is almost needless to caution the tourist about his diet that it be plain, nourishing, plentiful, palatable; that he eat oftener rather than overmuch at a time; and that he regard the amount of water he drinks.

It should be noted that drugs are not always of

equal degrees of strength. Hence one will be apt to be at a loss regarding the quantity to be taken as a dose, unless he purchases his medicines before leaving home where he is familiar with their strength.

IX.-Sea-Sickness.

An ocean voyage without sea-sickness is a source of pleasure rest and profit. One who has had no experience on the ocean cannot predict how he will be affected by the sea; therefore, it is wise, whilst determining not to be sea-sick, to provide for possible emergencies. Sea-sickness. is a nervous affection. At the first there is a gathering of heated sensations, uncomfortable and perceptible, in the ganglia of the sympathetic system of nerves, especially in the centres in the upper portion of the abdomen, where one "feels so when falling or "teetering;" the sensations extend rapidly upward to the head, there causing dizziness, heat and pain; the salivary glands become suddenly very active; then the excitement centres in the stomach causing nausea, which is the direct effect of brain disturbance..

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The headache is sometimes very distressing, and when accompanied with the nausea, is usually attended with profuse perspiration. The inclination of the patient is to give up efforts at exercise, to lie still and let the ship go. unventilated condition of most ships, unless in pleasant weather when the port holes can be opened, and the smells-they would be odors on land—from the table, however agreeable at other times, are apt to aggravate sea-sickness. trembling or vibratory motion of some steamers, which is caused by the resistance that the ocean and the inertia of the vessel offer against the pro

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pelling power of the machinery, together with the motion produced by the waves, either to make the ship roll, or to roll and pitch as when upon a "chopped or cross sea, these motions are well calculated to promote sea-sickness, because they keep up a tendency to concussion of the brain with the skull, or an unusual pressure upon various portions thereof. The action of the sea air, united with the motion of the ship, may cause torpidity of the liver. This will induce severe costiveness, which, in time, gives additional energy to the heated state of the head. and to the disquieting tendency to dizziness. The motions of the ship may also tend to disarrange the system generally by slightly affecting the circulation of the blood. However it may be in detail, it is true that an ocean voyage may, soon after it is begun, very suddenly and perceptibly disarrange the functions of the various portions of the human system.

First of all, then, as to the so-called " cures for sea-sickness" I think I am quite safe in saying that the only certain and permanent cure for man or beast-I have seen horses sea-sick-is to land and stay landed. But one may recover very readily from its attacks and gradually become free from any further trouble. Many are never subject to it, others are slightly under its discomfort. The most that can be safely said, probably, is that sea-sickness frequently is temporarily relieved, and so far controlled by cautious treatment that the voyage will not be without some ease and interest. But the often-repeated words "You will be all the better afterwards because you are sick on the sea," is to me, much like the maxim, "Don't pay too dear for the whistle." The voyage ordinarily being only from

ten to twelve or fourteen days in length, according to the steamer's port of destination, one can endure a little unpleasantness during that time for the sake of the sights of the Old World that await the landing.

Concerning the treatment of sea-sickness, I cannot pretend to discuss the matter professionally, I only throw out such hints as experience and observation have brought before me. If the tourist should become seriously ill he should call to his aid the physician who is always on board. But the passenger can do much to care for himself, if he be judicious and patient. It is reported upon good authority that the following is taught by some medical colleges: That the tourist, on the evening before sailing, should take, upon going to bed, a ten-grained blue pill, and in the morning before eating, a good-sized dose of seidlitz powders. He should eat a hearty meal, so as to go on board with a full stomach. Mr. Thomas K. Knox gives the following as the result of his experience: "The night before you are to sail, take a blue pill—ten grains—just before going to bed, and when you get up in the morning, take, the first thing, a dose of citrate of magnesia. Then eat your breakfast and go on board, and I will wager four to one that you will not be seasick a moment, though the water may be as rough as an Arkansas traveler's manners. have rigidly followed it every time I have gone to sea since I received it. It has saved me from sea-sickness, which I at my first voyage had to despair."

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The physician of the ship on our return voyage said to me that passengers make a mistake in not taking a dose of some purgative medicine the first day they start out on the ocean. The