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The last hundred pages, dealing with dietetics and animal heat, also with alcohol, should be a reference book for scientists and food-reformers for many years to come. In this part of the book are found all those fundamental data which bear upon food-value, general and special, composition of all food-stuffs and combustion values. Here are co-ordinated in detail those grand and unanswerable data whereby we view the isodynamic lines of force conservation in the plant world and force evolution in the animal world, and their bearings on agriculture and national prosperity. Here can be made out man's claim as an individual to discuss food-reform, inasmuch as he supplies to the plant world the carbon and nitrogen elements of his daily bread. Should man claim to be considered as a fluid-combustion machine, and that as such he must be supplied with his proper fuel of so much fat, proteid, and carbohydrate, it is in this part of the book that he must delve for the figures and the facts which constitute his argument, e.g., page 331. "The heat arising from the food is formed by true combustion, the carbon in it is used up exactly as it is in a fire with the production of carbonic acid and water. The combustion is slower, that is all. Perhaps it may be said that combustion in the body is more thorough than in an ordinary fire, and more akin to the processes which take place when gas is burnt in a Bunsen burner."

The author, whilst giving all details of "heat units" or calories, also gives the more practical details pertaining to differences determined by cooking the food in various ways, physiological ideal diet, the foods consumed in different countries, their advantages and disadvantages.

Finally, this book is certain to be the constant companion and reference book of all students of natural history, general and medical. No review can adequately depict this deep mine of scientific and sterling worth; philosophic, scientific, encyclopaedic, interesting, original, and indispensable.

J. BARKER SMITH, L.R.C.P. Lond.

THE PATHOLOGY OF EMOTIONS, Physiological and Clinical Studies. By CH. FERE. Rendered into English by ROBERT PARK, M.D. (Watford, London. 1899. The University Press, Limited.)

THIS great scientific work of the illustrious physician of the Hospital Bicêtre at Paris is laid before the English by Dr. Robert Park in a stately volume of 600 pages. It is a work which from a psychological point of view is as interesting as from the purely pathological and physiological standpoint. It deals in an exhaustive way with "Emotions" in so far as the same come under the observation of the physician, and inasmuch as they have a direct or indirect influence on the health and well-being of the individual. An enormous mass of clinical material has been collected and sifted by Dr. Féré, who is well known to the medical world as the author of a number of standard works, such as his excellent treatise, Les Epilepsies et les Epileptiques and Animal Magnétisme.

In twenty-two chapters we have a complete dissertation on the influence of emotions on the human body, and a great number of authenticated cases explain the author's views on this important subject.

We cannot offer a better description of the aim and extent of this book than by giving the titles of the different chapters: —

I. The Physiological Effects of Physical Agents on Man.

II. The Pathological Effects of Physical Agents.

III. Physical Activity and the Physiological Condition of Attention.

IV. Insufficient or Excessive Physical Exercise.

V. The Physiological Conditions of the Emotions.

VI. The Pathological Effects of the Emotions.

VII. The same continued.

VIII. The Curative Effects of the Emotions.

IX. Influence of States of Excitement and Exhaustion upon Mental Activity. X. Mental Troubles in Relation with the Morbid States of Excitement and Exhaustion.

XI. The Physical Signs of the Psychopathies.

XII. The Affective State in the Psychopathies.

XIII. The Physical Signs of the Hallucinations.
XIV. Morbid Emotivity.

XV. The same continued.

XVI. The Organs of the Emotions.

XVII. The Individual Conditions of Morbid Emotivity.

XVIII. Influence of the Physical and Mental Constitution upon the Localisation of Physical Troubles of Emotional Origin, and on the Special Form of Psychical Troubles.

XIX. The Diagnosis of Morbid Emotivity.

XX. Individual and Social Consequences of Morbid Emotivity.

XXI. Medical Treatment.

XXII. Prophylaxis and Legislation.

The work seems an inexhaustible source of information on a subject very little known, and neglected by the medical profession until the latter part of the dying century.

We are greatly indebted to Dr. Robert Park for an excellent translation of Dr. Féré's book, which will be appreciated by professional men in Great Britain, its colonies, and in the United States, where, until now, no similar work has been in existence. S. H.

SOME ACCOUNT OF CHURCH GOING. By THEOPHILUS BINKS. (London. 1898. Watts and Co.)

MR. BINKS, as so many authors, has been unfortunate in the selection of the title of his book, firstly because it does not give an account of church going, not even in the form of statistics, and secondly because the question of church going is hardly attractive enough to any section of the community in this country to wade through a book of more than 300 pages.

Quite apart from the misleading title the book contains many interesting chapters, a collection of essays on religious topics, which, as essays, have the special charm of ingenuity, which we often miss in similar works. The thirtyone chapters of the book, however, do not form a homogeneous whole. There is no connection between them, and the author's thought jumps from one subject to the other as if he related the mental exercises of his fertile brain for a period of years without any attempt to bring order into the products of mental activity. As a study of Mr. Binks' mind and its development, this

book is highly interesting, as he is more sincere than most writers on religious and philosophical subjects, but it will not contribute much to our knowledge of the matter treated therein, as the author's brain has not digested the vast material with which he deals, and he has not arranged it in such order that it may easily be digested by others.

After reading the whole of the book we are unable to decide even what the belief of the author is, and at what conclusions on religion and cosmology he has arrived after such hard mental work as he describes.

The book should have been entitled "Mr. Binks, Yeoman," and it would have been attractive to many from a psychological point of view. R. T.

JUDICIAL SCANDALS AND ERRORS. By GEORGE ASTOR SINGER, M.A. I. Press Censorship and Compromise. (Watford, London. 1899. The University Press Limited. 1s.)

THIS pamphlet deals with the recent prosecution of a London bookseller and editor, and describes the tricks used by a London solicitor to obtain the funds collected for the defence of the accused by the Free Press Defence Committee. It is a highly interesting story which throws some light on the system of criminal prosecutions in this country. It shows how such prosecutions can be settled by compromise, and gives a verbal report of the pseudo-trial which ended in the public denunciation, by the Recorder of London, of an eminent scientific man Dr. Havelock Ellis and of the editor of the University Magazine. It will interest many of our readers how the Recorder's attack on persons who were unable to defend themselves has been received by the scientific press all over the world. We will reprint here only one of the many criticisms. The Medico-Legal Journal of December, 1898, writes:

"It is incredible that such scandalous conduct on the part of the authorities and the Recorder should pass unnoticed and unrebuked.

"The animus of the Recorder might be in doubt if it were not for his language on the occasion. This officer has never been credited with any scientific attainments. That his education upon such questions has been seriously neglected is established by his own testimony.

"It is doubtful if any scientific authority on the Continents of Europe or America, or in the British Islands, would agree with the language he used. He has, by an illegal and reprehensible abuse of his position, consented to the release of the publisher, without punishment, whom he believed was guilty of a crime, and has stabbed in the back, without any excuse or opportunity of being heard, one of the most brilliant of the British writers of his time and our era on subjects connected with criminal anthropology; and no matter what his past career or character may have been he will receive, as he justly deserves, the contempt of the whole scientific world.

"The honourable career of Mr. Havelock Ellis cannot be seriously compromised by such an unmerited assault from the bench, and it is a marvel how our English cousins, with their love of fair play, could submit to such an aspersion upon the motives of a gentleman of Mr. Ellis's character.”

Similar criticisms appeared in the Lancet, the British Medical Journal, and in all the medical journals of Europe and in the United States. The indignation is almost general, and the only dissentient voice on the subject, was, strange to say, that of the Daily Chronicle, representing the Nonconformist Conscience, W. W.

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"DARN 'ee then!" said Nan Curtis, as she opened her door in answer to a loud peal at the bell which made her jump quickly to her feet and leave cleaning her slab. "Oh! my dear! be it you? Darn 'ee woman! do 'ee want to scatter the house on my ears wi' breaking the bell pull?"

She looked at Loveday and snorted, smiling reproof and welcome at her. “Come in, do," she went on, “and sit 'ee down. Why! you're all o' a tremble, woman! What be wrang?"

Loveday's fat face was seemed rounder than ever. stood facing her with arms "Woman!" she gasped. "I've tumbled on the secret o' they weeds at last. Guess? No! 'ee'll never reckon it up. Oh! my blessed life! it's worse nor awful the slyness o' the minx!"

bathed in perspiration, and her eyes She pulled Nan into the kitchen, and akimbo and legs apart.

She stopped for breath, and Nan, who had seated herself on the horsehair sofa opposite Loveday, folded her arms and opened her mouth wide, showing the yellow tusks which seemed ready to devour gossip and scandal wholesale.

"What the devil do 'ee mane, woman?" she snapped at last. "Don't stan' there gapin' at a body, out wi' it. Is it somethin' gone wrang wi' Clibby Kit's woman?"

Loveday smiled knowingly, and pursed up one eye in a suggestive wink.

"Why! the whole place 'ull knaw the truth afore nightfall. Mincin' jade! wi' her fine face and up-long airs; her's been seen over Boskivven way wi' a chap as don't belong hereabouts at all, and "—with a gasp-"they weeds is what I've reckoned all along, nothin' but pap to stop up Kit's mouth wi', and her's played the fool wi' all o' we, sure 'nough!"

She stopped a moment to pick her teeth with a large brass pin she took from the bosom of her dress, and then laughed loudly.

"Oh my Lord! I'm as glad as if anybody 'ud given me a mayin' to have found she out. Proud upstairt! as allus seemed too good and fine to 'ave a man lay a finger on she!"

She folded her arms and leaned heavily on one leg as she continued.

"But mind you, mate," and she stared fixedly at Nan, "I'm sorry for Kit, for it's a whishe job for he, sure 'nough!"

"I

"It's blasted lies, I'm thinkin'," said Nan, emphatically. don't belong to hearken nor yet to credit all as I sees, much less hears! Anyways, I'm noane goin' to b'lieve that o' Janet, or I s'ud think as eyes was given to some folkses for the very purpose o' takin' in their own flesh and bluid. Janet be no strumpet, I'll be bound, and if her's walked wi' a man-well-lat me tell 'ee, Loveday, my dear, that noane o' we can throw mud at she fur that, fur I b'lieve, if my winders don't lie, as you've walked wi' three chaps up-long and down-long this very week.”

“Walked!" grunted Loveday, who was not very pleased that her full-flavoured piece of news should be disparaged in this way; "as likely as not I've walked wi' chaps, but noane o' 'ee have seed me lyin' wi' a mon-naw!"

She delivered this speech with full force, and waited triumphantly for the effect on Nan.

"Darn 'ee! what be 'ee tryin' to do now, Loveday. Flingin' a woman's name i' the mud 'cause your own petticoats is noane so clean! I'm shamed fur 'ee. A bit o' dirty or measly talk over neighbours is right 'nough; it do mak' the day go by a bit quicker and sends a body to bed wi' a chuckle, and that often 'nough brings 'ee to sleep, if you be a bit waken, but there's a broad difference, let me tell 'ee, a'tween a bit o' pastime and a lump o' malice and envy. Iss! I do mean what I say," as she saw Loveday drop into a chair with her lower lip pouting in anger. "Iss! A lot o' talk o'er that woman be nothin' i' the world but bloomin' spite. I likes she fur hersel', fur there was no talk o' looks when I were made, and I do belong to seek beauty outside my own mirror. I'd b'lieve flash things o' she but never what you do say though you swore it on your family Bible."

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