51. Spelling and the Use of the Dictionary. In fixing the spelling of any word, one must be sure of the pronunciation and the meaning. The list given below may be used in a variety of ways (see, for example, pp. 78, 79); but it is suggested that it be studied in groups of ten words, and that the pupil be required to look up in the dictionary matters likely to prove of special service to him. A few of these are indicated; under the guidance of the teacher, he may learn to note others for himself.

Before doing this work the pupil must be familiar with the content of paragraph 1 on pages 239 and 240.

GROUP I.

1. Accommodate (ad + commodare, "to fit," "to
help").

2. Accumulate (ad + cumulare, "to heap").
3. Achieve (a+chieve).

4. Acknowledgment (ac-knowl-edg-ment).

5. Advantageous (ad-van-ta-geous).

6. All right (contrast with almost and already).
7. Aggravate (ad + gravare, “to make heavy").
8. Arrange.

9. Among.

10. Athletics (ath-let-ics).

GROUP II. Derivation and accentuation of 11, 14, 15.
GROUP III. Derivation of 21, 24, 28, 30; syllabication of 30.
GROUP IV. Derivation of 31-36; syllabication of 31, 37.
GROUP V. Derivation of 41, 43, 46–48; syllabication of 41, 46, 47,
49. (For 42 see sect. 47, rule 1.)

GROUP VI. Derivation of 56, 58; syllabication of 55; accentuation of 59.

GROUP VII. Derivation of 65, 67-69; syllabication of 66; preferred spelling of 62, 63, 65. (For 61 see sect. 75.)

GROUP VIII. Derivation of 71, 72, 74-76; syllabication of 76, 77. (For 80 see 61.)

GROUP IX. Syllabication of 81, 85-89, 90; accentuation of 85.

(For 100 see 61.)

GROUP X. Derivation of 92-94, 97-99. GROUP XI. Derivation of 101; syllabication of 104, 105. (For 108 see sect. 47, rule 3, exception 3.)

GROUP XII. Derivation of 117, 118; accentuation of 115, 116. (For 116 see sect. 47, rule 1.)

GROUP XIII. Derivation of 121, 122, 126, 130; another spelling of 129.

GROUP XIV. Derivation and syllabication of 135, 136.

see sect. 47, rule 3, exception 3.)

(For 133

GROUP XV. Derivation of 146; syllabication of 148. (For 143 see 61 and contrast 149 with 19.)

I.

I. accommodate

2. accumulate

3. achieve

4. acknowledgment

5. advantageous

6. all right

7. aggravate

8. arrange

9. among IO. athletics II. 11. auxiliary

12. balance
13. battalion
14. benefited

15. business
16. calendar

17. ceiling

18. changeable
19. column

20. committee

III. 21. competitive

22. conceit

23. confectionery
24. consistent

25. council

26. counterfeit
27. defendant

28. despair

29. development
30. dilapidated

IV. 31. dissatisfaction
32. divisible

33. dormitory

34. eccentric

35. eighth

36. eligible

37. embarrassment

38. emigrate

39. enthusiasm
40. envelope

137. souvenir

138. sovereign 139. stationary 140. stationery XV. 141. succeed

142. thief

143. theirs

144. totally

145. truly

146. twelfth

147. vengeance
148. vocabulary
149. volume

150. whether

EXERCISE

151. Spelling Match. Be prepared to spell by syllables any word in the foregoing list.

52. The Use of Capitals. In connection with spelling we must pay careful attention to the use of capitals. Capitalization is a great help to us in giving prominence to words and in making our meaning clear. The following rules are the most important:

I. Capitalize the pronoun I and the interjection O.

II. Begin with a capital every independent sentence, every line of poetry, and every direct quotation formally introduced. III. Capitalize the names of Deity, such as God, the Father, the Almighty.

IV. Capitalize the names of the months, the days of the week, and any word which is used to give special significance to a particular thing.

Denver, the Missouri River, Mount Washington, the Melrose High School, the National Biscuit Company, Patriot's Day, the Declaration of Independence, the Reformation, the Renaissance, the American Revolution, the Ware Grammar School.

NOTE. We must include adjectives formed from proper names, such as English and German, unless the adjectives are used merely to express a quality, as in the case of stoical and quixotic.

V. Capitalize nouns and adjectives in titles of newspapers, essays, and books.

"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner," "Young People and Old Pictures."

VI. Capitalize titles of honor or office, when used with the name of a particular person.

The President of the United States, Governor Bradford, Mayor Brown, Captain James.

VII. Capitalize personified terms, if by so doing you will make the meaning clearer.

Haste thee, Nymph, and bring with thee
Jest, and youthful Jollity,

Quips and Cranks and wanton Wiles,
Nods and Becks and wreathèd Smiles,
Such as hang on Hebe's cheek,
And love to live in dimple sleek;

Sport that wrinkled Care derides,
And Laughter holding both his sides.

EXERCISES

152. Write a sentence in which you name every month in the year, all the days of the week, and the seasons. (Remember that the names of the seasons do not begin with capitals.)

153. Write a sentence in which you mention all the schools you have ever attended.

154. Give in class a complex sentence in which you mention an advanced school that you think you may like to enter in the future, and a firm for whom you may wish to work.

155. Explain the use of the capitals in these sentences:

The North and the South are trying to understand each other. When I lived in the West, I had a study that faced the west. 156. Copy from some section of this book (1) four lines of poetry, and (2) four direct quotations, at least two of which are introduced formally.