portion to the number of educable children in each, to be determined from data collected through the office of the State Superintendent of Education, in the manner to be prescribed by law.

SEC. 207. Separate schools shall be maintained for children of the white and colored races.

SEC. 208. No religious or other sect, or sects, shall ever control any part of the school or other educational funds of this State; nor shall any funds be appropriated towards the support of any sectarian school; or to any school that at the time of receiving such appropriation is not conducted as a free school.

SEC. 209. It shall be the duty of the Legislature to provide by law for the support of institutions for the education of the deaf, dumb and blind.

SEC. 210. No public officer of this State, or any district, county, city or town thereof, nor any teacher or trustee of any public school, shall be interested in the sale, proceeds, or profits of ady books, apparatus, or furnituro to be used in any public school in this State. Penalties shall be provided by law for the violation of this section.

SEC. 211. The Legislature shall enact such laws as may be necessary to ascertain the true condition of the title to the 16th Sections of land in this State, or land granted in lieu thereof, in the Choctaw purchase, and shall provide that the Sixteenth section lands reserved for the support of township schools shall not be sold, nor shall they be leased for a longer term than ten years for a gross sum; but the Legislature may provide for the lease of any of said lands for a term not exceeding twenty-five years for a ground rental payable annually, and, in case of uncleared lands, may lease them for such short term as may be deemed proper in consideration of the improvement thereof, with right thereafter to lease for a term, or to hold on payment of ground rent.

SEC. 212. The rate of interest on the fund known as the Chickasaw School Funds and other trust funds for educational purposes, for which the State is responsible, shall be fixed and remain, as long as said funds are held by the State, at six per centum per annum, from and after the close of the fiscal year A. D. 1891, and the distribution of said interest shall be made semi-annually on the first of May and November of each year.

SEC. 213. The State having received and appropriated the land donated to it for the support of Agricultural and Mechanical Colleges, by the United States, and having, in furtherance of the beneficent design of Congress in granting said land, established the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Mississippi, and the Alcorn Agricultural and Mechanical College, it is the duty of the State to sacredly carry out the conditions of the act of Congress upon the subject, approved July 2d, A. D. 1862, and the Legislature shall preserve intact the endowments to, and support, said colleges.

ART. XII, SEC. 243. A uniform poll tax of two dollars, to be used in aid of the common schools, and for no other purpose, is hereby imposed on every male inhabitant of this State between the ages of twenty-one and sixty years, except persons who are deaf and dumb or blind, or who are maimed by loss of hand or foot; said tax to be a lien only upon taxable property. The Board of Supervisors of any county may, for the purpose of aiding the common schools in that county, increase the poll tax in said county, but in no case shall the entire poll tax exceed in any one year three dollars on each poll. No criminal proceedings shall be allowed to enforce the collection of the poll tax.

SEC. 244. On and after the first day of January, A. D. 1892, every elector shall, in addition to the foregoing qualification, be able to read any section of the Constitution of this State; or he shall be able to understand the same when read to him, or give a reasonable interpretation thereof.

CONSTITUTION OF KENTUCKY, APRIL 11, 1891.1

SEC. 62. The General Assembly shall not pass local or special acts provide for the management of common schools.

to

EDUCATION.

SEC. 190. The General Assembly shall, by appropriate legislation, provide for an efficient system of common schools throughout the State.

SEC. 191. The bond of the Commonwealth issued in favor of the Board of Education for the sum of one million three hundred and twenty-seven thousand dollars shall constitute one bond of the Commonwealth in favor of the Board of Education, and this bond and the seventy-three thousand five hundred dollars of the stock in the Bank of Kentucky, held by the Board of Education, and its proceeds, shall be held inviolate for the purpose of sustaining the system of common schools. The interest and dividends of said fund, together with any sum which may be produced by taxation or otherwise for purposes of common school education, shall be appropriated to the common schools, and to no other purpose. No sum shall be raised or collected for education other than in common schools, until the question of taxation is submitted to the legal voters, and the majority of the votes cast at said election shall be in favor of such taxation: Provided, The tax now imposed for educational purposes, and for the endowment and maintenance of the Agricultural and Mechanical College, shall remain until changed by law.

SEC. 192. The General Assembly shall make provisions, by law, for the payment of the interest of said school fund. The General Assembly may make provision for the sale of the stock in the Bank of Kentucky; and in case of a sale of all or any part of said stock, the proceeds of sale shall be invested by the Sinking Fund Commissioners in other good interest-bearing stocks or bonds, which shall be subject to sale and re-investment, from time to time, in like manner, and with the same restrictions, as provided with reference to the sale of the said stock in the Bank of Kentucky. SEC. 193. Each county in the Commonwealth shall be entitled to its proportion of the school fund on its census of pupil children for each school year; and if the pro rata share of any school district be not called for after the second school year, it shall be covered into the treasury and be placed to the credit of the school fund for the general apportionment the following school year. The surplus now due the several counties shall remain a perpetual obligation against the Commonwealth for the benefit of said respective counties, for which the Commonwealth shall execute its bond, bearing interest at the rate of six per centum per annum, payable annually to the counties respectively entitled to the same, and in the proportion to which they are entitled, to be used exclusively in aid of com:non schools.

SEC. 191. In distributing the school fund no distinction shall be made on account of race or color, and separate schools for white and colored children shall be maintained.

SEC. 195. A Superintendent of Public Instruction shall be elected by the qualified voters of the State at the same time the Governor is elected, who shall hold his office for four years, and until his successor shall be qualified. His duties, salary, and qualifications shall be prescribed by law.

SEC. 196. So much of any moneys as may be received by the Commonwealth from the United States under the recent act of Congress refunding the direct tax shall become a part of the school fund, and be held as provided in Section 191; but the General Assembly may authorize the use, by the Commonwealth, of the moneys so received, or any part thereof, in which event a bond shall be executed to the Board

Constitution of the Commonwealth of Kentucky adopted by the constitutional convention, April 11, 1891, and submitted to a vote of the people at the August election, 1891. Press of the Courier Job Printing Company, Louisville, Ky.

of Education for the amount so used, which bond shall be held on the same terms and conditions, and subject to the provisions of Section 191, concerning the bond therein referred to.

SEC. 197. No portion of any fund or tax now existing, or that may hereafter be raised or levied for educational purposes, shall be appropriated to, or used by, or in aid of, any church, sectarian or denominational school.

AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION OF MAINE ADOPTED NOVEMBER, 1892.1

No person shall have the right to vote, or be eligible to office under the Constitution of this State, who shall not be able to read the Constitution in the English language, and to write his name: Provided, however, That the provisions of this amendment shall not apply to any person prevented by physical disability from complying with its requisitions, nor to any person who now has the right to vote nor to any person who shall be sixty years of age or upwards at the time this amendment takes effect.

THE CONSTITUTION OF NEW YORK, SEPTEMBER 28, 1894.

ARTICLE IX.

SEC. 1. The Legislature shall provide for the maintenance and support of a system of free common schools, wherein all the children of the State may be educated.

SEC. 2. The corporation created in the year one thousand seven hundred aud eighty-four, under the name of The Regents of the University of the State of New York is hereby continued under the name of the University of the State of New York. It shall be governed and its corporate powers, which may be increased, modified, or diminished by the Legislature, shall be exercised by not less than nine regents.

SEC. 3. The capital of the common school fund, the capital of the literature fund, and the capital of the United States deposit fund shall be respectively preserved inviolate. The revenue of the said common school fund shall be applied to the support of common schools; the revenue of the said literature fund shall be applied to the support of academies; and the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars of the revenues of the United States deposit fund shall each year be appropriated to and made a part of the capital of the said common school fund.

SEC. 4. Neither the State nor any subdivision thereof shall use its property, or credit, any public money, or authorize or permit either to be used, directly or indirectly, in aid or maintenance other than for examination or inspection of any school or institution of learning, wholly or in part under the control or direction of any religious denomination, or in which any denominational tenet or doctrine is taught. [The date given is that of the adoption of the revised Constitution of the State by the Constitutional Convention.]

THE PROPOSED CONSTITUTION OF UTAH.2

ARTICLE X.-Education.

SECTION. 1. The legislature shall provide for the establishment and maintenance of a uniform system of public schools, which shall be open to all the children of the State, and free from sectarian control.

SEC. 2. The public school system shall include kindergarten schools, commou schools, consisting of primary and grammar grades; high schools; an agricultural college; a university, and such other schools as the legislature may establish. The

'Printed from copy furnished by the attorney-general of the State.

2 This constitution was adopted by a convention held in Salt Lake City, pursuant to the provisions of an enabling act for Utah, approved July 16, 1894. It bears the date May 5, 1895. It will be submitted to the popular vote of the Territory the first Monday of November, 1895. The copy here used is that published by authority of the convention, under the supervision of Hon. Richard G. Lambert, chairman of committee on printing, Salt Lake City.

common schools shall be free. The other departments of the system shall be supported as provided by law: Provided, That high schools may be maintained free in all cities of the first and second class now constituting school districts, and in such other cities and districts as may be designated by the legislature. But where the proportion of school moneys apportioned or accruing to any city or district shall not be sufficient to maintain all the free schools in such city or district, the high schools shall be supported by local taxation.

SEC. 3. The proceeds of all lands that have been, or may be, granted by the United States to this State for the support of the common schools; the proceeds of all property that may accrue to the State by escheat or forfeiture; and all unclaimed shares and dividends of any corporation incorporated under the laws of this State; the proceeds of the sale of timber, minerals, and other property from school and State lands, other than those granted for specific purposes; and the 5 per cent of the net proceeds of the sales of public lands lying within the State, which shall be sold by the United States, subsequent to the admission of this State into the Union, shall be and remain a perpetual fund, to be called the State school fund, the interest of which only, together with such other means as the legislature may provide, shall be distributed among the several school districts according to the school population residing therein.

SEC. 4. The location and establishment by existing laws of the University of Utah and Agricultural College are hereby confirmed, and all the rights, immunities, franchises, and endowments heretofore granted or conferred are hereby perpetuated unto said university and agricultural college, respectively.

SEC. 5. The proceeds of the sale of lands reserved by an act of Congress approved February 21, 1855, for the establishment of the University of Utah, and of all the lands granted by an act of Congress approved July 16, 1894, shall constitute permanent funds, to be safely invested and held by the State; and the income thereof shall be used exclusively for the support and maintenance of the different institutions and colleges, respectively, in accordance with the requirements and conditions of said acts of Congress.

SEC. 6. In cities of the first and second class, the public school system shall be maintained and controlled by the board of education of such cities, separate and apart from the counties in which said cities are located.

SEC. 7. All public school funds shall be guaranteed by the State against loss or diversion.

SEC. 8. The general control and supervision of the public school system shall be vested in a State board of education, consisting of the superintendent of public instruction and such other persons as the legislature may provide.

SEC. 9. Neither the legislature nor the State board of education shall have power to prescribe text-books to be used in the common schools.

SEC. 10. Institutions for the deaf and dumb and for the blind are hereby established. All property belonging to the School for the Deaf and Dumb, heretofore connected with the University of Utah shall be transferred to said Institution for the Deaf and Dumb. All the proceeds of the lands granted by the United States for the support of a Deaf and Dumb Asylum, and for an Institution for the Blind, shall be a perpetual fund for the maintenance of said institutions. It shall be a trust fund, the principal of which shall remain inviolate, guaranteed by the State against loss or diversion.

SEC. 11. The metric system shall be taught in the public schools of the State.

SEC. 12. Neither religious nor partisan test or qualification shall be required of any person as a condition of admission, as teacher or student, into any public educational institution of the State.

SEC. 13. Neither the legislature nor the county, city, town, school district, or other public corporation shall make any appropriation to aid in the support of any school, seminary, academy, college, university, or other institution controlled in whole, or in part, by any church, sect, or denomination whatever.

CHAPTER II.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE OF TEN ON SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDIES, WITH PAPERS RELATING THERETO.

CONTENTS: I.-Reprint of the Report.

II.-The Reform of Secondary Education in the United States, by Nicholas Murray Butler. III.-The Curriculum for Secondary Schools, by William T. Harris. IV.-The Unity of Educational Reform, by Charles W. Eliot. V.-Report of the Committee of Ten, by James H. Baker. VI.-The Report of the Conference on English, by A. F. Nightingale. VII.-The Report from the Point of View of the Large Mixed High School, by O. D. Robinson. VIII.— Bibliography.

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE OF TEN.

To the National Council of Education:

The committee of ten appointed at the meeting of the National Educational Asso-. ciation at Saratoga on the 9th of July, 1892, have the honor to present the following report:

Af the meeting of the National Council of Education in 1891 a committee appointed at a previous meeting made a valuable report through their chairman, Mr. James H. Baker, then principal of the Denver high school, on the general subject of uniformity in school programmes and in requirements for admission to college. The committee was continued, and was authorized to procure a conference on the subject of uniformity during the meeting of the National Council in 1892, the conference to consist of representatives of leading colleges and secondary schools in different parts of the country. This conference was duly summoned, and held meetings at Saratoga on July 7, 8, and 9, 1892. There were present between twenty and thirty delegates. Their discussions took a wide range, but resulted in the following specific recommendations, which the conference sent to the National Council of Education then in session:

(1) That it is expedient to hold a conference of school and college teachers of each principal subject which enters into the programmes of secondary schools in the United States and into the requirements for admission to college-as for example, of Latin, of geometry, or of American history-each conference to consider the proper limits of its subject, the best methods of instruction, the most desirable allotment of time for the subject, and the best methods for testing the pupils' attainments therein, and each conference to represent fairly the different parts of the country.

(2) That a committee be appointed with authority to select the members of these conferences and to arrange their meetings, the results of all the conferences to be reported to this committee for such action as it may deem appropriate, and to form the basis of a report to be presented to the council by this committee.