League of Nations. Do we need diplomats? Hamilton Fyfe. Today and Tomorrow, Dec. 1920. Force or moral force for the League of Nations? Dr. Alfred H. Fried. Adv. of Peace, Jan. 1921. The first congress of the League. Robert Dell. Nation, Jan. 10, 1921. The League assembly: What it accomplished. Cur. Hist., Jan. 1921. The meeting of the assembly of the League of Nations. Chas. G. Fenwick. Am. Pol. Sc. R., Feb. 1921. Premières impressions d'Assemblée. H. R. R. de dr. int. et de leg. comp., Nos. 3-4, 1920. La sesion de la Asamblea de la Liga. Ernesto Dihigo. Cuba Contemporánea, Feb. 1921. What happened at Geneva? Manley O. Hudson. New Republic, Feb. 2, 1921. League of Red Cross Societies. International public health problems. Richard P. Strong. North Amer. R., Mar. 1921. Luxemburg. Grand Duchess who lost her crown. Louise Majerus de Larochette. Cur. Hist., Jan. 1921. Mandates. Le système des mandates coloniaux. Henri Rolin. R. de dr. int. et de leg. comp., Nos. 3-4, 1920. Syria and other mandatories. Cur. Hist., Feb. 1921. The Palestine mandate. Cur. Hist., Mar. 1921. Mesopotamia. The British in Mesopotamia. Cur. Hist., Mar. 1921. Mexico. Our financial relations with Mexico. The empire and. Ikbal Ali Shah. Contemp. R., Feb. 1921. Pan-Amer. R., Jan. 1921. Ch. de Lannoy. Paying Mexico's foreign debts. Cur. Hist., Mar. 1921. Monroe Doctrine. La Doctrine de Monroë et le Pacte des Nations. R. de dr. int. et de lég. comp., Nos. 3-4, 1920. La Doctrina de Monroe y el Pacto de la Liga de las Naciones. Dr. Emilio Roig de Leuchsenring. Cuba Contemporénea, Jan., Feb. 1921. Nationality. Communication sur la législation belge en matière de nationalité, et la condition des étrangers en Belgique. Pierre Isbeque. B. M. de Leg. Comp., July-Dec. 1920. De la perte de la nationalité Française par la française qui épouse un étranger. Camille Jordan. R. de dr. int. privé et de dr. penal int., Nos. 3-4, 1920. Etude de quelque cas de nationalité en Alsace-Lorraine. R. de dr. int. privé et de dr. penal int., Nos. 3-4, 1920. Naval Programmes. American and British naval preparations. Admiral Sir Cyrian Bridge. Cur. Hist., Mar. 1921. Canada's navy development. Cur. Hist., Feb., 1921. "Great Ships or ?" Archibald Hurd. Fortn. R., Feb. 1921. The navy and its owners. Rear Admiral C. F. Goodrich, U. S. N. North Amer. R., Jan. 1921. Program of the United States Navy. Cur. Hist., Mar. 1921. The reorganization of the [British] naval staff. Captain Alfred C. Dewar. Q. R., Jan. 1921. 1921. Shall we scrap our great battleships? Vice-Admiral Brine. Cur. Hist., Mar. Nys, Ernest. Paul Errera. R. de dr. int. et de lég. comp., Nos. 3-4, 1920. Oil. Produits d'Amerique: Le petrole. J. Decamps. France-Etats-Unis, Jan. 1921. Palestine. Political Zionism. Albert T. Clay. Atl. M., Feb. 1921. Today and Tomorrow, Dec. 1920. Post, Mar. 12, 1921. Woodrow Wilson. Sat. Evening Post, Mar. 19, 1921. Plebiscites. Past and future. Cur. Hist., Mar. 1921. Poland's plebiscite troubles. Cur. Hist., Feb. 1921. The Silesian plebiscite. S. Miles Bouton. Nation, Mar. 9, 1921. Poland. And the League. The Editor. Today and Tomorrow, Nov.-Dec. 1920. On a firmer footing. Cur. Hist., Mar. 1921. Poland and Lithuania. W. Majdewicz and a Lithuanian. Contemp. R., Jan. 1921. Porto Rico. As a national problem. Pedro Capó Rodriquez. J. of Int. Rel., Jan. 1921. Roumania After the War. H. Charles Wood. Contemp. R., Feb. 1921. Russia. America's war in north. Col. W. P. Richardson. Cur. Hist., Feb. 1921. 8, 1921. Forty Years of a Diplomat's Life. Baron Rosen. Sat. Evening Post, Mar. 19, 1921. The Crimean tragedy. Leo Pasolsky. Cur. Hist., Jan. 1921. The dictatorship of organization in Soviet. Dr. Alfons Goldschmidt. Soviet Russia, Feb. 5, 1921. An evening spent with counter-revolutionists. Pierre Pascal. Soviet Russia, Jan. 8, 1921. The French and Russian revolutions. Charles Willis Thompson. Cur. Hist., Jan. 1921. 1921. M. I. Kalinin, Russia's first worker. Soviet Russia, Jan. 8, 1921. "Marxian" opponents of Soviet. Leon Trotsky. Soviet Russia, Feb. 12, 1921. Cur. Hist., Feb. 1921. Problems of organization of labor. Leon Trotsky. Soviet Russia, Jan. 15, 29, Feb. 5, 1921. 1921. Three years of general military training. G. Sax. Soviet Russia, Feb. 19, The military situation on November 30, 1920. Leon Trotsky. Soviet Russia, Feb. 5, 1921. And the Allies. B. E. V. Dugdale. Today and Tomorrow, Dec. 1920. From its Baltic window. John A. Gade. North Amer. R., Jan. 1921. Russia. The Russo-Polish war and the French proletariat. Paul Louis. Soviet Russia, Jan. 8, 1921. 1921. Soviet courts in action. Cur. Hist., Feb. 1921. Soviet Russia's battle for trade. Cur. Hist., Mar. 1921. Soviet Russian concessions to capital. Karl Radek. Soviet Russia, Feb. 12, Two victories for Soviet. Cur. Hist., Jan. 1921. Cementing the Russo-Polish peace. Cur. Hist., Jan. 1921. White. A. D. Soviet Russia, Jan. 8, 1921. Santo Domingo. American rule in. Francisco Henriquez y Carvajal. Cur. Hist., Mar. 1921. The bare facts about. William E. Pulliam. Cur. Hist., Mar. 1921. U. S. Naval Inst. Proc., Feb. 1921. Our rights in. Elbridge Colby. Cur. Hist., Jan. 1921. Our rule in. Alvin M. Gottschalk. Cur. Hist., Feb. 1921. Self-Determination. Nicholas Murray Butler. Adv. of Peace, Feb. 1921. Shipping. L'Accord maritime germano-americain et le Shipping Board. Paul de Rousiers. France-Etats-Unis, Feb. 1921. 1921. Coal and shipping: The American danger. J. Ellis Barker. Fortn. R., Feb. Merchant Marine. The status of the American. Gustavus Myers. Cur. Hist., Jan. 1921. Two pillars of the British merchant marine. Sidney Brooks. Lloyd's Register-North American Review, Dec. 1920. Lloyd's-North American Review, Mar. 1921. The earning of freight on uncompleted voyages. Edwin M. Borchard. Yale L. J., Feb. 1921. The world's shipping: A statistical survey. Fed. Reserve B., Feb. 1921. Siberia. Japan in. C. F. Remer. Millard's R., Jan. 20, 1921. Siberian Republic. John Dewey. New Republic, Jan. 19, 1921. South Africa. General Louis Botha. Sir Lionel Phillips. Q. R., Jan. 1921. Constitutional Tendencies in Latin America. Herman G. James. Cur. Hist., Feb. 1921. Spain. L'Expansion economique de l'Espagne après la guerre. Julio de Lazurtegui. Syria. And its tangled problems. Stephen P. Duggan. Cur. Hist., Feb. 1921. The French in. Paxton Hibben. Nation, Feb. 23, 1921. Tacna-Arica. A South American appeal to the League. II. E. L. Gill. Tomorrow, Nov.-Dec. 1920. Today and Trade. New phases of unfair competition and measures for its suppression-national and international. William Notz. Yale L. J., Feb. 1921. Treaty of Versailles. The constitution and organization of the Clearing Office (enemy debts). Prof. A. H. Charteris. J. of Contemp. Leg. and Int. L., Jan. 1921. International Labour Office. Albert Thomas. Q. R., Jan. 1921. L'organisation du Travail de la Société des Nations et la conference de Washington. Ernest Mahaim. Rev. Economique Int., Dec. 1920. Renonciation a telle des clauses generales du Traite de Versailles par l'une des Puissances signataires. Edouard Clunet. J. du Dr. Int., Nov.-Dec. 1920. Some results of the labor clauses of the. David Hunter Miller. Cornell L. Q., Jan. 1921. Turkey. Execution des judgements étrangers en Turquie. Th. Papasian. J. du Dr. Int., Nov.-Dec. 1920. Turkey's tangled problems. Cur. Hist., Mar. 1921. United States. The close of an epoch. William Roscoe Thayer. North Amer. R., Mar. 1921. Control of foreign affairs. Quincy Wright. Am. Pol. Sc. R., Feb. 1921. Does the Constitution make the President sole negotiator of treaties? William W. Dewhurst. Yale L. J., Mar. 1921. Legislative compacts with foreign nations. Albert H. Washburn. Am. Law R., Jan.-Feb. 1921. Power of Congress to establish peace. Charles S. Thomas. Am. L. R., Jan. Feb. 1921. Constructive immigration policy. William H. Barr. Cur. Hist., Mar. 1921. Immigration: W. Jett Lauck, Louis F. Post, Henry W. Jessup et al. Annals of Amer. Academy of Pol. and Soc. Sc., Jan. 1921. The international whirlpool—The "Complete Reversal" for President Harding. Herbert Adams Gibbons. Century, Mar. 1921. War. Some legal aspects of war. Viscount Cave. Contemp. R., Jan. 1921. War Debts (British). A Serbonian bog of finance. H. J. Jennings. Fortn. R., Jan. 1921. British floating debt. Fed. Reserve B., Feb. 1921. Economics, Feb. 1921. Gaston Jaze. Q. J. of French war finance. Fed. Reserve B., Feb. 1921. Retiring national war debts and foreign debtors. David F. Houston. Adv. of Peace, Jan. 1921. World debts and paper currency continue to increase. of Peace, Jan. 1921. O. P. Austin. Adv. World War. New light on the origins of the World War, III. Sidney B. Fay. Am. Hist. R., Jan. 1921. HOPE K. THOMPSON. THE NATURE AND SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW BY GORDON E. SHERMAN Lately Assistant Professor of Comparative and International Law, Yale University Not the least among the many problems of reconstruction facing civilization at the present moment is the establishment upon a secure basis of the principles of international law as a system of world conduct and protection. Of actually restraining principles, indeed, the late war has exhibited few; nor have these, so far as successfully asserted, prevented violations of neutral rights upon a vast scale, together with a similar disregard of privileges heretofore universally conceded to occupied territory; while still more appalling has been the exploitation of diplomatic immunity in the interest of treacherous propaganda, and the wholesale assassination of noncombatants on the high seas. To such action, the words in which Germanicus is represented by Tacitus as addressing his licentious soldiery may well be applied: "Ye have violated even rights accorded to enemies, as also the sanctity of embassy and the consecrated obligations of usage between peoples." 1 Does a system of justice in international action, then, really exist? And has it enforceable sanctions? Again, though such existence be conceded, does the system not assert claims too lofty for successful maintenance against those not willing to recognize them? Or do the traits shown in the origin and development of this system warrant confidence in its future as a working-force once the world shall have regained a semblance of moral and political order? Difficult as such questions may be to answer at the moment, they must, nevertheless, be fairly met by all who would see international relations placed upon a basis assured both in fact and in law. The aim of the present article will be to ascertain the true origin of modes of juristic thought international in character, as contrasted with a national consciousness confined to its own welfare and conduct and indifferent to the claims of all foreign to its borders. It would seem to be beyond contestation that the nature of the sources whence conceptions truly international may be found to have been derived will prove our best guide in endeavoring to estimate the claims of international law at the present moment and the hopes of its future usefulness to the world. International law can indeed point to an origin and history 1 Hostium quoque jus et sacra legationis et fas gentium rupisti. Annals, I, 42, 4. ́ |