corporation to substitute therefor other securities equivalent at their par or market value to the amount in lieu of which the securities for which they are to be substituted were deposited, and in case such other securities shall not be furnished, the county treasurer or trust company shall call upon such corporation to furnish as a substitute, and it shall so furnish an amount of money equal to the amount in lieu of which the securities first above referred to were deposited. § 138. Trains to come to full stop, etc.-All trains upon elevated railroads shall come to a full stop before any passenger shall be permitted to leave such trains; and no train on such railroad shall be permitted to start until every passenger desiring to depart therefrom shall have left the train, provided such passenger has manifested his or her intention to so depart by moving toward or upon the platform of any car; nor until every passenger upon the platform or station at which such train has stopped, and desiring to board or enter such cars, shall have actually boarded or entered the same, but no person shall be permitted to enter or board any train after due notice from an authorized employee of such corporation that such train is full and that no more passengers can be then received. § 139. Gates. Every car used for passengers upon elevated railroads shall have gates at the outer edges of its platforms, so constructed that they shall, when opened, be caught and held open by such catch or spring as will prevent their swinging and obstructing passengers in their egress from or ingress to such cars; and every such gate shall be kept closed while the car is in motion; and when the car has stopped and a gate has been opened, the car shall not start until such gate is again firmly closed. § 140. Penalty for violation of this article.-Any elevated railroad corporation that shall fail or neglect to comply with or enforce the provisions of this article, shall upon the petition of any citizen to any court of record, and upon due notice to such corporation, and proof of such failure or neglect, pay to the clerk of the court wherein such petition was made, a sum not less than two hundred and fifty nor more than one thousand dollars, as such court may direct by its order. The sum so ordered to be paid shall be paid by such clerk of the court to the county treasurer, and shall be distributed by such treasurer equally among the public hospitals of the county in which the proceeding is had, at such time, as the board of supervisors or board of aldermen in The Board of Railroad Commissioners. SS 141-142 any such county shall direct. Nothing in this section shall relieve elevated railroad corporations from any liability under which they may now be held by existing laws for damages to persons or property. (As amended by chap. 676 of 1892.) § 141. Sections to be printed and posted. --The officers and board of directors of such railroad corporations shall cause copies of sections one hundred and thirty-eight, one hundred and thirtynine and one hundred and forty to be printed conspicuously and posted in the depots or stations and in each car belonging to them. 142. Extension of time.-The time within which any act is required to be done under this article may be extended by the supreme court for good cause shown, for one year, and but one extension will be granted. Any company that has heretofore constructed or is now operating an elevated railroad shall be deemed to have been duly incorporated notwithstanding any failure on the part of commissioners to insert in its articles of association provisions complying with statutory requirements relative to such articles. (Added by chap. 676 of 1892.) ARTICLE VI. THE BOARD OF RAILROAD COMMISSIONERS. SECTION 150. Appointment and term of office of railroad commissioners. 151. Suspension from office. 152. Secretary and marshal of board. 153. Additional officers; their duties. 154. Oath of office; eligibility of officers of board. 155. Principal office and meetings of board. 156. Quorum of board. 157. General powers and duties of board. 158. Reports of railroad corporations. 159. Investigation of accidents. 160. Recommendations of board where law has been violated. 161. Recommendations of board when repairs or other changes are necessary. 162. Legal effect of recommendation and action of the board. 163. Corporation must furnish necessary information. 164. Attendance of witnesses and their fees. 165. Fees to be charged and collected by the board. 166. Annual report of board. 167. Certified copies of papers filed to be evidence. 168. Acts prohibited. 169. Salaries and expenses of members and officers of the board. SECTION 170. Total annual expense to be borne by railroads. 171. Application of this article. 172. Prizes. § 150. Appointment and term of office of railroad commissioners. There shall continue to be a board of railroad commissioners, consisting of three competent persons, one of whom shall be experienced in railroad business, appointed by the governor, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, each of whom shall hold office for the term of five years, and until his successor shall have been appointed and shall have qualified. A commissioner shall in like manner be appointed upon the expiration of the term of any commissioner; and when any vacancy shall occur in the office of any commissioner, a commissioner shall in like manner be appointed for the residue of the term. If the senate shall not be in session when the vacancy occurs, the governor shall appoint a commissioner to fill the vacancy, subject to the approval of the senate when convened. § 151. Suspension from office.-Any commissioner may be suspended from office by the governor upon written charges preferred. The governor shall report such suspension and the reasons therefor to the senate at the beginning of the next ensuing session, and if a majority of the senate shall approve the action of the governor such commissioner shall be removed from office and his office become vacant. § 152. Secretary and marshal of board.--The board shall have a secretary and a marshal who shall be appointed by it and serve during its pleasure. The secretary shall keep a full and faithful record of the proceedings of the board, and be the custodian of its records, and file and preserve at its general office all books, maps, documents and papers intrusted to his care, and be responsible to the board for the same. Under the direction of the board he shall be its chief executive officer, shall have general charge of its office, superintend its clerical business, conduct its correspondence, be the medium of its decisions, recommendations, orders and bequests,* prepare for service such papers and notices as may be required of him by the commissioners, and perform such other duties as the board may prescribe, and he shall have power to administer oaths in all cases pertaining to the duties of his office. He shall have the power to designate from time to time one of the clerks appointed by the board to act as assistant secretary * So in original. The Board of Railroad Commissioners. S$ 153-155 during his absence from the county of Albany, and the clerk so designated for the time designated shall within the county of Albany only, possess the powers conferred by this section upon the secretary of the board. (As amended by chap. 534 of 1892.) § 153. Additional officers; their duties.-The board may also appoint, to serve during its pleasure, the following officers or any of them: An accountant, who shall be thoroughly skilled in railroad accounting, and who shall, under the direction of the board, make examinations of the books and accounts of railroad and other corporations, and supervise the quarterly and annual reports made by the railroad corporations to the board, and collect and compile railroad statistics, and perform such other duties as the board may prescribe. An inspector, who shall be a civil engineer, skilled in railroad affairs; also, an inspector, who shall be an expert in electrical railroad affairs, each of whom shall make such inspections of railroads and other matters relating thereto, as directed by the board, and report to it. Such additional clerical force as may be necessary for the transaction of its business. The board may also employ engineers, accountants and other experts whose services they may deem to be of temporary importance in conducting any investigation authorized by law. (As amended by chap. 534 of 1892, § 2; chap. 456 of 1896, § 1.) 8154. Oath of office; eligibility of officers of board. Each commissioner, and every person appointed to office by the board, shall, before entering upon the duties of his office, take and subscribe the constitutional oath of office. No person shall be appointed to or hold the office of commissioner or be appointed by the board to or hold any office, place or position under it who holds any official relation to any railroad corporation, or owns stock or bonds therein, or who is in any manner pecuniarily interested in any firm or corporation having business relations with any such corporation. $155. Principal office and meetings of board.-The principal office of the board shall be at the city of Albany, in rooms designated by the capitol commissioners, and it may have a branch office at the city of New York, and one at the city of Buffalo ; and the board, or a quorum thereof, shall meet at least once a month during the year at the office in Albany. The board shall have an official seal, to be prepared by the secretary of state in accordance with law, and its offices shall be supplied with necessary Dostage, stationery, office furniture and appliances, to be paid for as other expenses authorized by this article, and it shall have prepared for it by the state the necessary books, maps and statistics, incidentally necessary for the discharge of its duties. 8 156. Quorum of board. Two of the commissioners shall form a quorum for the transaction of any business, or the performance of any duty of the board and may hold meetings thereof at any time or place within the state. All examinations or investigations made by the board may be held and taken by and before any one of the commissioners or the secretary of the board, by the order of the board, and the proceedings and decisions of such single commissioner or secretary shall be deemed to be the proceedings and decisions of the board, when approved by it. (As amended by chap. 534 of 1892.) § 157. General powers and duties of board.--The board shall have power to administer oaths in all matters relating to its duties, so far as necessary to enable it to discharge such duties, shall have general supervision of all railroads, and shall examine the same and keep informed as to their condition, and the manner in which they are operated for the security and accommodation of the public and their compliance with the provisions of their charters and of law. The commissioners of either of them in the performance of their official duties may enter and remain during business hours in the cars, offices and depots, and upon the railroads of any railroad corporation within the state, or doing business therein; and may examine the books and affairs of any such corporation and compel the production of books and papers or copies thereof, and the board may cause to be supœnaed witnesses, and if a person duly subpoenaed fails to obey such subpoena without reasonable cause, or shall without such cause refuse to be examined, or to answer a legal or pertinent question, or to produce a book or paper which he is directed by subpœna to bring, or to subscribe his deposition after it has been correctly reduced to writing, the board may take such proceedings as are authorized by the Code of Civil Procedure upon the like failure or refusal of a witness subpoenaed to attend the trial of a civil action before a court of record or a referee appointed by such court. The board shall also take testimony upon, and have a hearing for or against any proposed change of the law relating to any railroad, or of the general railroad law, if requested to do so by the legislature, or by the committee on railroads of the senate or the assembly, or by the governor, and may take such |