ceed in convicting Warren Hastings, but he did destroy forever the system which Clive established and which Hastings completed; and these services are but a faint indication of what he might have rendered had he been trained in the language which nature intended his tongue and his talents should employ.

This is the philosophy of the past and the lesson of the future. That which makes this a memorable gathering, and that which justifies this outpouring to meet and greet and praise this distinguished Irishman is not the mere gratification of our patriotic pride by the mere assurance that our race is indestructible, but the graver, grander feeling that the task which lies before the Irish tongue and the Irish people is grander than any even of those which it has accomplished in the past; that the language which was spoken when the foundations of Christian civilization were laid is the language which will lead and be spoken in the foremost place when the capstone and the roof shall be placed upon the structure, and in the mighty tide of progress that is bound to flow from the ultimate domination of Christian justice throughout the world, there will be found the last achievement of Irish nationality; there will be found the crown of the work that Douglas Hyde has begun and which God has destined to succeed.

Some excellent books for Reading Circles are published by the Cathedral Library Association, 534 Amsterdam Avenue, New York City. A partial list is here given:

Books and Reading, by Brother Azarias, 50 cents. Chapters of Bible Study, by Rev. H. J. Heuser, $1. Dante and Catholic Philosophy, by Frederick Ozanam, $1.50. Harmony of the Gospels, by Rev. J. Bruneau, 75 cents. Introibo, $1.50. The Burden of the Time, by Rev. Cornelius Clifford, $1.50. New York Catholic Teachers' Manual, containing the course of study approved for Parish Schools, 40 cents. Organization of Small Libraries, by Agnes Wallace, $1. Christian Education in the Dark Ages, 10 cents. Jesuits as Educators, 10 cents. Education in the First Centuries, 10 cents. The Reformation and Education, 10 cents. Systems and Counter Systems of Education, by Rev. Eugene Magevney, S.J., 10 cents. The Origin of Law, by Professor W. C. Robinson, 25 cents. Catholic Doctrine of Indulgences, by Bishop Hedley, 10 cents. Ten Courses of Reading, 10 cents. hood of our Lady, by Marion J. Brunowe, $1. The Ideal Teacher; or, the Catholic Notion of Authority, by Père Laberthonniere, translation revised by Rev. J. McSorley, C.S. P., 30 cents. The House of God; and other Studies, by Rev. Thomas J. Shahan, D.D., $1.50. History in our Public Schools, by Rev. F. Donnelly, S. J., 10 cents.

The Girl

The International Catholic Truth Society, Arbuckle Building, Brooklyn, New York City, is making an arrangement with all other similar societies to circulate their tracts and pamphlets; and to this end has prepared a select catalogue, which may be obtained by sending ten cents in postage. For a small expenditure a large quantity of valuable literature can be secured. Some of the leading Catholic writers are represented in the extensive list now compiled for the first time. M. C. M.

LONGMANS, GREEN & Co., New York:

A Book About our Lord. Arranged by Rev. Charles Hart. With thirty colored plates by Agnes A. Hilton. Pp. 73. Price $1 net. Pryings Among Private Papers. By the author of A Life of Sir Kenelm Digby. Pp. viii.-214. Price $2.50. St. John and the Close of the Apostolic Age. By the Abbé C. Fouard. Authorized Translation. Pp. xxxiii.-244. Mrs. Fitzherbert and George IV. By W. H. Wilkins, M.A. With Illustrations. Pp. xx.-476. Price $5 net.

BENZIGER BROTHERS, New York:

A Double Knot; and other Stories. By Mary T. Waggaman, Magdalen Rock, Julia C. Walsh, and others. Pp. 212. Price $1.25. The Seraphic Keepsake. By Reginald Balfour. Pp. 124. Price $1. De Torrente: Devotional Papers. By Father Cuthbert, O.S.F.C. Pp. 94. Juvenile Round Table. Third Series. By Mary T. Waggaman, Mary Catherine Crowley, Maurice F. Egan, and others. Pp. 184. Price $1. Wayward Winifred. By Anna T. Sadlier. Pp. 220. Price $1.25. One Afternoon; and other Stories. By Marion Ames Taggart. Pp 182. Price $1.25. Where the Road Led; and other Stories. By Anna T. Sadlier, Katharine Tynan Hinkson, Clara Mulholland, Mary Catherine Crowley, Maurice F. Egan, and others. Pp. 209. Price $1.25. LITTLE, BROWN & Co., Boston, Mass.:

The North Star; A Tale of Norway in the Tenth Century. By M. E. Henry-Ruffin. Illustrated by W. D. Hamilton. Pp. 356. Price $1.50. In and out of the Old Missions of California. By George Wharton James. Illustrated. Pp. xix.-392. Price $2 net. B. HERDER, St. Louis, Mo.:

The King's Achievement. By Robert Hugh Benson. Pp. 511. Price, $1.50.

E. P. DUTTON & Co., New York:
The Cities of Umbria.

By Edward Hutton. Illustrated. Pp. xvi.-304. Price $2. The Casentino and Its Story. By Ella Noyes. Illustrated in colors and line by Dora Noyes. Pp. xii.-330. Price $3.50 net. In the Country of Jesus. Translated from the Italian of Matilde Serao. By Richard Davey. Illustrated. Price $2 net.

THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, New York:

Recollections. By William O'Brien, M.P. Pp. 518. Price $3.50 net.

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, New York:

The City-The Hope of Democracy. By Frederic C. Howe, Ph.D. Pp. xiii.-320. Price $1.50.

G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS, New York:

Life and Matter. A Criticism of Professor Haeckel's Riddle of the Universe. By Sir Oliver Lodge. Pp. viii.-175.

B. W. HUEBSCH, New York:

Mozart: The Man and the Artist, As Revealed in His Own Words. Compiled and Annotated by Frederick Kerst. Translated into English and edited, with New Introduction and Additional Notes by Henry Edward Krehbiel. Net $1. Postage 10 cents.

INTERNATIONAL CATHOLIC TRUTH SOCIETY, Brooklyn, New York:

The Business of Villification-Practiced by "Ex-Priests" and Others. Pp. 44. Price 5 cents each. $3 per hundred.

M. H. WILTZIUS COMPANY, Milwaukee, Wis.

The Three Ages of Progress. By Julius E. Devos.

THE EVERETT PRESS COMPANY, Boston, Mass.:

Frozen Dog Tales; and other Things. By Colonel William C. Hunter. Pp. 194. Illustrated. Price $1.

REDEMPTORIST FATHERS, Boston, Mass.:

The Mystic Rose; or, Pilate's Daughter. A Scriptural Drama for Female Characters. By Rev. F. L. Kenzel, C.SS.R. Price 25 cents per copy. 5 copies $1.

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, Washington, D. C.:

Twenty-Third Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology 1901-1902. J. W. Powell, Director. Haida Texts and Myths. Skidegate Dialect. Recorded by John R. Swanton.

WILLIAM C. MARTINEAU, Albany, New York:

Treasure Souvenir of St. Patrick's Institute.

Price 75 cents.

LIBRAIRIE PLON-NOURRIT ET CIE, Paris, France:

Correspondance du Comte De Jaucourt Avec le Prince de Talleyrand Pendant de Congress de Vienne. Pp. xv.-361. Price 7 fr.

VICTOR LECOFFRE, Paris:

Newman, Meditations et Prières. Par Marie-Agnes Péroté. Avec une Étude sur la Piété de Newman. Par Henri Bremond. Pp. 338.

ELKIN MATHEWS, London:

The Garden of Francesca. By Henry Cullimore, M.A. (Oxon.), Professor of English Language and Literature in the University of Fribourg in Switzerland. Pp. 117. Price 35 6d net.

BY MAX TURMANN, LL.D.

THERE are very good reasons why the Catholics of France should be cheerful amid all the anxious cares of the present moment. It gives me pleasure to write about one of these encouraging facts for the readers of THE CATHOLIC WORLD, because I think it extremely important. That is the increasingly active part which the Catholic young men of France are playing in public life. Their influence grows every day. In some places it has already produced excellent results. As yet, of course, the same success has not been achieved everywhere. Time is needed for that.

Some people, to be sure, are astonished and even angered when they cannot reap the harvest almost as soon as the seed is sown. They, however, know no more about the cultivation of a field than others about the intellectual training of men. We must be, above all, on guard against discouragement. Results rarely come up to our fond hopes. Moreover, as a rule, we do not know all the effects of our actions. At times the best and most fruitful escape our notice. As M. George Goyau wrote recently: "We know the good that we want to do, but not always the good that is done. If, here and there," he adds, "some result seems slight and rather discouraging, tell your friends that sometimes things turn out well without our knowing of it till we get to heaven."

Happily our Catholic young men have not given way to discouragement. On the contrary, obstacles and opposition Copyright. 1906. THE MISSIONARY SOCIETY OF ST. PAUL. THE APOSTLE

VOL. LXXXII.—37

IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

have given them truly apostolic zeal. For this reason we cherish the hope that their optimistic spirit will get good results out of the present movement.

I.

Within the last few years, associations of young Catholics have been formed in every province throughout the country. They are to be found in the most widely separated ranks of society. Here you have a body of students-there a set of laborers or of farmers. And these groups are not isolated units, no matter what their make-up. Everybody realizes the need of unity. As a result, different large federations have been established. In some the membership is determined by personal, in others, by local considerations.

The two most important of these federations are L'Association Catholique de la Jeunesse Française and Le Sillon.* Of these in particular, I wish to treat.

The Catholic Young Men's Association is the older, having come into existence about twenty years ago. It comprises more than a thousand groups, with a total membership of nearly sixty thousand. This is a force to be reckoned with.

From the very first this association has had an eminently practical character. In its statutes, which go back to May, 1886, we find proof of this. There we find these words: "The Young Men's Catholic Association of France aims at co-operation for the re-establishment of Christian social order. Its principles are submission to the authority of the Church and a thoroughgoing adherence to her teachings, especially to those that bear on the truths of the social and economic order. The means to its end are Christian devotion, study, and the mutual helpfulness of the members."

In its programme of studies and discussions, the association proposed such subjects as these: "The Liberal Theory of Labor"; "The Socialistic Theory of Labor"; "Producers' and Consumers' Co-operative Societies"; "Workmen's Socialistic Leagues"; "Female and Child Labor in Factories"; "Limitation of the Hours of Labor"; "Legal Rest on Sunday"; "Accident Insurance," etc.

This was in 1886. At that time such questions did not

There are other associations, less important, however, since they do not extend over the whole of France. We note particularly La Fédération des Alpes et de Provence; La Fédération des Groupes d'Études du Sud-Est; Les Jeunes du Jura, etc.

engage Catholic thought so generally as they do to day. This distinctly social bent should not be astonishing, however, on the part of a society which owes its beginnings to the "Work of Catholic Workmen's Circles," from which sprang practically the whole Catholic social movement in France. Count Albert de Mun was probably its chief promoter. At any rate, he stood out as its sponsor at the first general assembly, at Angers, in 1887, over which Monsignor Freppel presided. Since then the Association has grown and prospered. It has branched out all over France, and has given thousands of the people one common purpose. All the while, it has been faithful to its first object-social action. There are two distinct periods in its development. The first-reaching to 1898-was that of organization. During this time the scheme of administration was decided on, extreme care being taken to interfere as little as possible with the self-government of local branches. In the second period, since 1898, the society has been making itself democratic.

I wish to say something about this latter feature of the society's growth, because it is the most recent, and, from our point of view, the most interesting. Up to 1898 the great majority, in fact, almost all, of the affiliated groups were made up of students and college men, or, to speak more plainly, of men from the middle classes.

It is true that the Workmen's pilgrimage, led by Léon Harmel, met that of the Catholic Young Men's Association at Rome in 1891. But nothing in the way of intimacy came of this meeting, though many eloquent things were said. Afterwards all kept to themselves in their respective organizations. As yet there was no mutual understanding, nor cordial co-operation. That is a thing hard to bring about even among Christians. To secure it it is necessary that the common people should lay aside some of their inborn distrust, and the middle classes their tone and air of superiority. There must be good will on both sides.

In 1896 the Federal Council of the Catholic Association. addressed a warm-hearted, ringing appeal to the young men. of the masses. Little by little the invitation was heeded. Today workmen, employees of all sorts, and farmers make up two-thirds of the whole society. The admission of these re cruits will, of course, change the association exteriorly, but