clergy to promise obedience to the pope, now all clergy are bound to it by the creed of Pius IV. All the powers and privileges which anciently belonged to the bishops of each province in common, are now vested in the Roman pontiff. They can no longer erect new or suppress old bishoprics, translate bishops, make canons without reference to the pontiff, decide controversies of faith, approve new forms of prayer, judge bishops and even metropolitans. All these, and many other powers formerly possessed by provincial synods are now absorbed by the popes. In fine, every Romish bishop now styles himself episcopus gratia Apostolica Sedis, thus acknowledging his powers to be conferred by and to emanate from the Roman pontiff.
Such is the absorbing and universal power of the Roman see even when its influence has sunk to the lowest ebb. The Roman pontiff is more than primate of his own Obedience. He exercises more than patriarchal, more than metropolitical power over all his churches. He acts as universal bishop: his interference extends to the concerns of every individual: and the bishops are only his vicars, his assistants, invested with a portion of that power of which the plenitude resides in him. Such is the theory, which is supported by the practice of the Roman obedience for nearly eight centuries: a theory opposed to all the tenor of scripture; to all the testimony of catholic tradition and of the œcumenical synods.
That we should have escaped from this bondage, and resumed the enjoyment of those liberties, and the blessings of that pure faith, which Christ gave to his holy church, ought to be to us a matter of wonder and of gratitude to THE ALMIGHTY. It should lead us also to view with respect and sympathy those human agents,
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through whose endurance even to death, the great work of our emancipation was accomplished. Gratitude will prompt us to excuse their infirmities, to make allowance for their difficulties, to do justice to their real merits while reason and religion will teach us carefully to avoid the danger of adopting the sentiments of mere men as the ultimate rule of our belief. Yet our sense of divine favours to ourselves, should be mingled with the deepest regret at the divisions and the calamities of the churches of Christ, especially under the Roman obedience: nor should we ever exaggerate their errors, or render the breach greater than it is. We cannot expect indeed that the
inveterate habit of domination in the Roman church can be exchanged for the spirit of fraternal union; or that the impediments which it offers to the reunion of all churches can be removed. But, while we bitterly lament the state of Christendom, let us remember that for these evils the catholic and apostolic churches of this empire are in no degree responsible: and believing as we do most firmly, that the promises, the grace, and the authority of JESUS CHRIST are with these churches, and that with them rests the responsibility of handing down pure, and unshaken, the holy faith of Jesus Christ, let us dwell iu tranquillity, on these high and solemn considerations, and endeavour to fulfil our duties in the sphere which GOD has appointed to
Absolution, a sacrament, according to |
the church of England, i. 518; its
conditions, ii. 301.
Adoration of Christ in the eucharist, i.
313; whether idolatrous, 314, 315.
Agapæ, ii. 70, 71.
America, the church there, i. 305, 306.
Annates, rightly suppressed in England,
i. 434.
Appeals to Roman see, rightly forbidden
in England, i. 437, 438; not custom-
ary in early times, ii. 512, &c.
Arianism, never overpowered the or-
thodox faith, ii. 175, 176. 190-199.
Article VI., its meaning, ii. 4; its prin-
ciple defended, 4-22; its doctrine on
deductions from scripture defended,
33, &c.
XVIII., i. 19.
XIX., i. 37. 44. 316.
XX., i. 37. 227.
XXVI., i. 37.
XXXIII., i. 37.
XXXIV., i. 37; explained, i.
490; its principle maintained, ii.
64-70.
Articles, thirty-nine, ii. 258-289; not
drawn up on a latitudinarian prin-
ciple, i. 520-522; of the Gallican
church, ii. 274-281.
Authority of church, admitted by Dr.
Milner to be held by the church of
England, i. 228. See Church.
Athanasian Creed, approved by the re-
formation, i. 98, 99.
Baptism makes us members of the
church, i. 140, 141. 409; of heretics,
ii. 26, 27. 72; trine immersion not
necessary, 72.
Basire, his reception in the eastern
church, i. 184, 185.
Bedel, ii. 355.
Bishoprics, number of, in the primitive
church, i. 204.
Blood, eating of, ii. 27.
Bossuet, conference between him and
Claude, ii. 85.
British Churches, their antiquity, i, 215,
216; succession, 217; provide for
internal unity, 218, 219, 220; and
unity with the catholic church, 221;
never separated from the catholic
church, 221, 222; never excommu-
nicated by it, 224; preserve unity
of faith, 225; revere universal tra-
dition, 226. 492-504; differences of
doctrine between them and other
churches no proof of heresy, 231-
233; their doctrine as to sanctity,
234; their saints, 235; their catho-
licity, 237; the name of catholic be-
longs to them, 237, 238; their mi-
nistry apostolical, 239; slanderous
tales of papists, 240; are the true
church of Christ in these realms,
242-244; contrast between their re-
formation and the origin of dissent,
415, 416; not responsible for the
character and conduct of Henry
VIII., &c., 427-431; free from all
schism in suppressing jurisdiction of
the bishop of Rome, 442, 443; never
separated from the catholic church,
443-453; not schismatical for re-
fusing to send bishops to the synod
of Trent, 448, 449; their principle
opposed to schism, 451; schism re-
torted on their adversaries, 453, &c. ;
their doctrine on the eucharist, 526-
532.
British Reformation, not schismatical,
i. 432, &c.; its essential principle,
451, 452; not founded in Erastian
principles, 461-477; schismatically
overthrown in the reign of Mary,
480. 483; restored in the reign of
Elizabeth, 484, &c.; its principles
with regard to tradition and church
authority, 492-504; its variations in
doctrine and discipline free from all
heresy, 505-533.
Bucer, i. 514, 515, 516.
Bulls, for ecclesiastical promotions, law-
fully forbidden in England, i. 435.
Buonaparte, his concordate with Pius
VII, and proceedings in ecclesi-
astical affairs, i. 353-356.
Burnet, his opinion of transubstanti-
ation, i. 212.
Cally, his doctrine on the eucharist,
ii. 170.
Calvinists, not properly churches of
Christ, i. 382, &c.
Catholic, name of, belongs to English
churches, i. 237, 238; a sin to give
it to papists, 298.
Celibacy of the clergy, ii. 444-450.
Censures, ii. 297, &c.
Ceremonies, removed at the reformation,
not all to be condemned, i. 517.
Cerularius, patriarch of Constantinople,
his conduct, i. 186.
Chapters, their origin, ii. 402.
Church, not a mere voluntary associ-
ation, i. 3. 4; perpetuity of, 5, &c. ;
salvation in it, 13, &c.; doctrine of
its invisibility when invented, 35;
separation from it inexcusable, 61;
its catholicity acknowledged by dis-
senters, 58; its communion divided,
80; its unity in faith, not necessarily
perfect, 111, 112; its sanctity, 132,
&c.; its universality, 148, &c.; it is
derived from the apostles, how, 160;
its authority revered by the reforma-
tion, 363. 367. 374-382; its autho-
rity in matters of faith limited to
its proper objects, ii. 96; has a right
to judge in controversies of faith, 97-
101; the modes of her judgments,
102-105; conditions of ecclesiastical
judgments, 106-109; authority of
universal judgments of the church,
109-133; church need not possess
always an organized tribunal for
judging controversies, 133-135; her
authority in discipline and rites,
290-294; her discipline, 294-304;
original independence of the state,
316; her temporal establishment,
327-331.
Churches, particular, do not divide the
catholic church, i. 51; number of,
in the early ages, 204.
Circle, argument in a, ii. 84.
Civil Constitution of the French clergy,
i. 350-353.
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Communion, in both kinds, i. 450. 517.
544; ii. 71; doctrine of the synod
of Constance, 231, 232.
Concordate between Buonaparte and
Pius VII., founding the new Galli-
can church, i. 353, &c.
Confession, not condemned by the Brit-
ish churches, i. 518, 519.
Confirmation, ii. 71.
Controversy, right of suppressing it, ii.
266-272.
Convocations, submission of the clergy
with reference to them, justified, i.
466. 467; their origin and nature,
ii. 356-361.
Council, see Synod.
Courayer, ii. 170.
Cranmer, his veneration for tradition
and the catholic church, i. 495, 496;
his doctrine on the eucharist how ex-
cused, 512, 513; his conduct justi-
fied with respect to the oath, 535-
538; free from dissimulation, 538-
544; excused for his opinions on or-
dination, 544, 545; other unjust im-
putations, 546-548.
Creed of Pius IV., why unlawful to be
subscribed, i. 318.
Deacons, ii. 404, &c.
Deaconnesses, ii. 70.
Declaration of the Gallican church in
1682, ii. 274-281.
Degradation, ii. 300.
Departed, the, prayer for them, i. 518;
ii. 72.
Des Cartes, his doctrine on the eucha-
rist, ii. 169.
Des Gabets, ii. 170.
Deprivation of bishops by the temporal
power, i. 477; ii. 347; in the reign
of Elizabeth justified, i. 485, &c.
Discipline, what is lawful, ii, 64-70;
what is variable and what invariable,
70-75.
Dispensations from the Roman pontiff
lawfully forbidden in England, i.
439.
Dissent, what it is, i. 52; founded in
schism and heresy, and cut off from
the church of Christ, 399-404; a-
dopts and fosters schism on prin-
ciple, 406; has no protection against
heresy, 407; is merely human, 407,
408; alters the discipline of Jesus
Christ, 409, 410; causes hypocrisy
or vanity, 411, 412; self-condemned,
412, 413; not apostolical, 413-415;
contrast between the reformation of
the British churches, and the origin
of dissent, 415, 416.
Dissenters, inconsistent in attacking
the church on the point of the regal
supremacy, i. 259, 260; and on sub-
scription to creeds and articles, 263;
and on defective discipline, 265; and
on the use of rites and discipline not
mentioned in scripture, ii. 69.
Donatists, their heresy, i. 62; schism,
67.
Doyle, his sentiments of the church of
Du Pin, his sentiments as to the ne-
cessity of communion with Rome, i.
222. 284.
Durand, his doctrine on the eucharist,
ii. 225.
Ecclesiastical courts, ii. 297. 304.
Elevation of the eucharist, when intro-
duced, i. 311; its meaning, 312, 313.
Ems, synod of, its proposal for eccle-
siastical reform 1785, i. 334.
Episcopate, instituted by the apostles, ii.
377-388; obligatory on all churches,
389.
Errors, not always heretical, i. 104, &c.
Eucharist, see Real Presence. Idolatry.
Water.
Eutychians, see Monophysites.
Excommunication, conditions requisite
to, i. 65, 66, 67. 103; various sorts
of it, 84; not given to the king,
466; ii. 326; the greater, 298; les-
ser, 299; ipso facto, ib.
Eybel, condemned by Pius VI., is pro-
tected by Joseph II., i. 334.
Faith, matters of, what, i. 104; rela-
tion of the church to it, ii. 76, &c.;
may be founded on human testimony,
79. 81; divine and human faith, 80;
resolution of faith, 82; act of faith
in scripture possible on human testi-
mony, 83; faith not necessarily found-
ed on examination, 88, 89.
Fasting, i. 250.
Fathers, arguments against them no-
ticed, ii. 49-63.
France, origin and progress of Janse-
nism there, i. 322-328; civil con-
stitution of the clergy, 350-353.
Henry VIII., our churches not respon-
sible for his views and conduct, i.
427, &c.; nor for the dissolution of
his marriage with Catherine, 430;
nor for his suppression of monaste-
ries, 431; defended by bishop Tun-
stall against charge of confounding
regal and sacerdotal powers, 446;
his acts in ecclesiastical affairs, 467-
477.
Heresiarchs, appear as angels, i. 102.
Heresy, what, i. 91; a damnable sin,
92, 93.
Heretics, their ordinations, ii. 430, &c.
Heretics, who are reckoned such by the
second œcumenical synod, i. 71; ex-
cluded from the church, 96; may be
excommunicated, 101-103; some-
times tolerated by the Roman church,
246.
Holland, Jansenism in, i. 324.
Hontheim, De, his reforming principles,
i. 328.
Host, adoration of the, i. 310-315.
Humbert, cardinal, his arrogance, i. 187.
Idolatry, not to be imputed to the
whole church, i. 308; how far justly
imputed to veneration of the eucha-
rist, 310 315. 542; to invocation of
saints, 518.
Images, worship of forbidden in Eng-
land, i. 507; reasons for it, ib.; re-
moved, 516, 517; their worship not
approved by the catholic church, ii.
200-214; lead to idolatry, i. 182; do
not render a church apostate, 211.
Immaculate Conception, ii. 142. 268-270.
Imposition of hands essential in ordina-
tion, i. 173.
Indifference in religion, its origin and
supporters, i. 266-272; not imputa-
ble to the church of England, 272,
273; its dreadful prevalence in the
Roman church, 348-350.
Indulgences, i. 507.
Infidelity in the Roman churches, i.
344-349.
Invocation of saints, i. 210. 315. 508.
518.
Ireland, church of, when subdued by
the Roman pontiff, i. 548; its re-
formation, 549, &c.; imperfect in the
reigns of Henry VIII. and Edward
VI., 550, 551; reformation in reign
of Elizabeth, 551-553; approved by
the church, 552, 553; schism of the
papists, see Papists; synods in Ire-
land lawful, ii. 355.
Irregularity, ii. 300. 437.
Jansenism, its condemnation as a he-
resy, i. 320; general view of its in-
fluence in the eighteenth century,
321, 322; its progress in France and
Flanders, 322. 324; the appeal a-
gainst the bull Unigenitus, 325, &c. ;
Soanen and other Gallican bishops
favourable to Jansenism, 326; Nou-
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