Etat. 69] BOSWELL OFFENDED 821 so before people who neither love you nor me?" JOHNSON: "Well, I am sorry for it. I'll make it up to you twenty different ways, as you please." BOSWELL: "I said to-day to Sir Joshua, when he observed that you tossed me sometimes'I don't care how often, or how high he tosses me, when only friends are present, for then I fall upon soft ground: but I do not like falling on stones, which is the case when enemies are present.'-I think this is a pretty good image, Sir." JOHNSON : "Sir, it is one of the happiest I have ever heard." The truth is, there was no venom in the wounds which he inflicted at any time, unless they were irritated by some malignant infusion by other hands. We were instantly as cordial again as ever, and joined in hearty laugh at some ludicrous but innocent peculiarities of one of our friends. BOSWELL: "Do you think, Sir, it is always culpable to laugh at a man to his face?" JOHNSON: "Why, Sir, that depends upon the man and the thing, If it is a slight man, and a slight thing, you may; for you take nothing valuable from him." He said, "I read yesterday Dr. Blair's sermon, on Devotion, from the text 'Cornelius, a devout man.' His doctrine is the best limited, the best expressed: there is the most warmth without fanaticism, the most rational transport. There is one part of it which I disapprove, and I'd have him correct it; which is, that 'he who does not feel joy in religion is far from the kingdom of heaven!' There are many good men whose fear of GOD predominates over their love. It may discourage. It was rashly said. A noble sermon it is indeed.. I wish Blair would come over to the Church of England." When Mr. Langton returned to us, the "flow of talk" went on. An eminent author being mentioned; - JOHNSON: "He is not a pleasant man. His conversation is neither instructive nor brilliant. He does not talk as if impelled by any fulness of knowledge or vivacity of imagination. His conversation is like that of any other sensible man. He talks with no wish either to inform or to hear, but only because he thinks it does not become [Dr. Robertson] to sit in a company and say nothing.' Mr. Langton having repeated the anecdote of Addison having distinguished between his powers in conversation and in writing, by saying, "I have only ninepence in my pocket; but I can draw for a thousand pounds; "-JOHNSON: "He had not that retort ready, Sir; he had * [No doubt Dr. Robertson.-Croker.] From an engraving by E. Finden after a painting by ROBERT, LORD CLIVE (b. 1725, d. 1774) displayed such ability and courage as a soldier " He that on his return to England, with an enormous prepared it beforehand." LANGTON (turning to me): "A fine surmise. Set a thief to catch a thief." 66 Johnson called the East-Indians barbarians. BOSWELL: "You will except the Chinese, Sir?" JOHNSON: "No, Sir." BOSWELL: "Have they not arts?" JOHNSON: "They have no pottery." BOSWELL: "What do you say to the written characters of their language?" JOHNSON: Sir, they have not an alphabet. They have not been able to form what all other nations have formed." BOSWELL: "There is more learning in their language than in any other, from the immense number of their characters." JOHNSON: "It is only more difficult from its rudeness; as there is more labour in hewing down a tree with a stone than with an axe.” He said, "I have been reading Lord Kames's 'Sketches of the History of Man.' In treating of severity of punishment, he mentions that of Madame Lapouchin, in Russia, but he does not give it fairly: for I have looked at Chappe D'Autéroche, from whom he has taken it.* He stops where it is said that the spectators thought her innocent, and leaves out what follows; that she nevertheless was guilty. Now this is being as culpable as one can conceive, to misrepresent fact in a book; and for what motive? It is like one of those lies which people tell, one cannot see why. The woman's life was spared; and no punishment was too great for the favourite of an Empress, who had conspired to dethrone her mistress." BOSWELL: "He was only giving a picture of the lady in her sufferings." JOHNSON: "Nay, don't endeavour to palliate this. Guilt is a principal feature in the picture. Kames is puzzled with a question that puzzled me when I was a very young man. Why is it that the interest of money is lower, when money is plentiful; for five pounds has the same proportion of value to a hundred pounds when money is plentiful, as when it is scarce? A lady explained it to me. It is (said she) because when money is plentiful there are so many more who have money to lend, that they bid down one another. Many have then a hundred pounds; and one says-Take mine rather than another's, and you shall have it at four per cent.'" BOSWELL: "Does Lord Kames decide the question?" JOHNSON: "I think he leaves it as he found it.” BOSWELL: "This must have been an extraordinary lady, who instructed you, Sir. May I ask who she was?" JOHNSON: "Molly Aston,† Sir, the sister of those ladies with whom you dined at Lichfield.- -I shall be at home to-morrow." BOSWELL: "Then let us dine by ourselves at the Mitre, to keep up the old custom, 'the custom of the manor,' custom of the Mitre." JOHNSON : Sir, so it shall be." 66 On Saturday, May 9, we fulfilled our purpose of dining by ourselves at the Mitre, according to old custom. There was, on these occasions, a little circumstance of kind attention to Mrs. Williams, which must not be omitted. Before coming out, and leaving her to dine alone, he gave her her choice of a chicken, a sweetbread, * ["Journey into Siberia,” made by order of the King of France, published in 1768.—Croker.] † Johnson had an extraordinary admiration of this lady, notwithstanding she was a violent Whig. In answer to her high-flown speeches for Liberty, he addressed to her the following Epigram, of which I presume to offer a translation: "Liber ut esse velim, suasisti, pulcra Maria, Ut maneam liber, pulcra Maria, vale." Adieu, Maria! since you'd have me free; For, who beholds thy charms, a slave must be. A correspondent of the Gentleman's Magazine, who subscribes himself SCIOLUS, to whom I am indebted for several excellent remarks, observes, The turn of Dr. Johnson's lines to Miss Aston, whose 46 Etat. 69] A BETTY AND A MOLLY 823 or any other little nice thing, which was carefully sent to her from the tavern, ready-dressed. Our conversation to-day, I know not how, turned, I think for the only time at any length during our long acquaintance, upon the sensual intercourse between. the sexes, the delight of which he ascribed chiefly to imagination. "Were it not for imagination, Sir (said he), a man would be as happy in the arms of a Chambermaid as of a Duchess. But such is the adventitious charm of fancy, that we find men who have violated the best principles of society, and ruined their fame and their fortune, that they might possess a woman of rank." It would not be proper to record the particulars of such a conversation in moments of unreserved frankness, when nobody was present on whom it could have any hurtful effect. That subject when philosophically treated, may surely employ the mind in a curious discussion, and as innocently, as anatomy; provided that those who do treat it, keep clear of inflammatory incentives. "From grave to gay, from lively to severe "-we were soon engaged in very different speculation; humbly and reverently considering and wondering at the universal mystery of all things, as our imperfect faculties can now judge of them. "There are (said he) innumerable questions to which the inquisitive mind can in this state receive no answer : Why do you and I exist? Why was this world created? Since it was to be created, why was it not created sooner?" Whig principles he had been combating, appears to me to be taken from an ingenious epigram in the Menagiana [vol. iii. p. 376, edit. 1716] on a young lady who appeared at a masquerade, habillé en Jesuite, during the fierce contentions of the followers of Molinos and Jansenius concerning free-will: "On s'etonne ici que Caliste 66 ["Molly," said Dr. Johnson, was a beauty and a scholar, and a wit and a Whig and she talked all in praise of liberty; and so I made that epigram upon her. She was the loveliest creature that I ever saw! His wife, he added, was a little jealous of this attachment, and happening one day, when walking in the country, to meet a fortune-telling gipsy, Mrs. Johnson made the wench look at his hand, but soon repented her curiosity; for says the gipsy, Your heart is divided, Sir, between a Betty and a Molly Betty loves you best, but you take most delight in Molly's company'; when I turned about to laugh, I saw my wife was crying. Pretty charmer! she had no reason!"-Mrs. Piozzi's Anecdotes."] " CHAPTER XLIII-1778 DR. JOHNSON AND LORD MARCHMONT Supper at John Hoole's-Dr. Johnson, the Earl of Marchmont, and Pope-Pastor Fido-On DivorceHogarth's Modern Midnight Conversation "-Parson Ford-Morality-Lord Clive-Chesterfield's Works Lord Kames's History of Man "-French Manners-Country Life-Breeding-Horne on the English Particle-Dr. Mead-General Burgoyne-" Rasselas " and Candide "-Civil PowerVows-Milton and Locke on Education-Johnson Visits Langton at Warley Camp-Bennet Langton -Dr. Burney-Johnson's "Seraglio "-John Hussey-Reynolds's "Discourses." ON Sunday, May 10, I supped with him at Mr. Hoole's, with Sir Joshua Reynolds. I have neglected the memorial of this evening, so as to remember no more of it than two particulars; one that he strenuously opposed an argument by Sir Joshua, that virtue was preferable to vice, considering this life only; and that a man would be virtuous were it only to preserve his character: and that he expressed much wonder at the curious formation of the bat, a mouse with wings; saying that it was almost as strange a thing in physiology as if the fabulous dragon could be seen. On Tuesday, May 12, I waited on the Earl of Marchmont, to know if his Lordship would favour Dr. Johnson with information concerning Pope, whose life he was about to write. Johnson had not flattered himself with the hopes of receiving any civility from this nobleman; for he said to me, when I mentioned Lord Marchmont as one who could tell him a great deal about Pope-" Sir, he will tell me nothing." I had the honour of being known to his Lordship, and applied to him of myself, without being commissioned by Johnson. His Lordship behaved in the most polite and obliging manner, promised to tell all he recollected about Pope, and was so very courteous as to say, "Tell Dr. Johnson I have a great respect for him, and am ready to show it in any way I can. I am to be in the city to-morrow, and will call at his house as I return." His Lordship however asked, "Will he write The Lives of the Poets' impartially? He was the first that brought Whig and Tory into a Dictionary. And what do you think of his definition of excise? Do Do you know the history of his aversion to the word transpire?" Then taking down the folio Dictionary, he showed it with this censure on its secondary sense: "To escape from secrecy to notice; a sense lately innovated from France, without necessity.' The truth was, Lord Bolingbroke, who left the Jacobites, first used it; therefore, it was to be condemned. He should have shown what word would do for it, if it was unnecessary." I afterwards put the question to Johnson: "Why, Sir (said he), get abroad." BOSWELL: BOSWELL: "That, Sir, is using two words." JOHNSON: "Sir, there is no end of this. You may as well insist to have a word for old age." Boswell: "Well, Sir, Senectus." JOHNSON: "Nay, Sir, to insist always that there should be one word to express a thing in English, because there is one in another language, is to change the language." I availed myself of this opportunity to hear from his Lordship many particulars both of Pope and Lord Bolingbroke, which I have in writing. I proposed to Lord Marchmont that he should revise Johnson's "Life of Pope": |