Wells's Principles and Applications of Chemistry: For the Use of Academies, High-schools, and Colleges: Introducing the Latest Results of Scientific Discovery and Research, and Arranged with Special Reference to the Practical Application of Chemistry to the Arts and Employments of Common Life. With Two Hundred and Forty IllustrationsIvison & Phinney, 1859 - 515 páginas |
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absorbed acetic acetic acid action affinity alcohol alkalies allotropic ammonia animal antimony atmosphere atoms bleaching bodies boiling burning carbonic acid caseine charcoal chemical chemistry chemists chloric acid chlorine coal color colorless combination combustion composition compounds constituents contain copper crystals decomposed decomposition dissolves distillation effect electricity elements equivalent ether exist exposed fermentation flame fluid force gases glass gold grains heat hydrochloric acid hydrogen ignited illustrated insoluble iodine iron known light lime liquid liquor manufacture matter melted mercury metals mineral mixed mixture nature nitric acid nitrogen obtained odor ordinary organic oxyd oxygen particles phosphorus plants platinum poison possess potash potassium pounds prepared principle produced properties proportion protoxyd pure QUESTIONS.-How QUESTIONS.-What salt silica silver small quantity soap soda solid soluble solution specific gravity starch steam substances sugar sulphate sulphuric acid surface temperature termed tion tube unite vapor vegetable vessel volatile weight zinc
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Página 396 - The properties and preparation of spongy platinum have been already described (§§ 48, 296). Platinum black is the metal in a state of such fine subdivision, that it has the appearance of soot. It is easily prepared by slowly heating to 212° F., with frequent agitation, a solution of chloride of platinum, to which an excess of carbonate of soda and a quantity of sugar have been added. The precipitated black powder is collected on a filter, washed and dried. Platinum black possesses the power, in...
Página 95 - ... atmosphere. The tendency of this pressure is to prevent and retard the particles of water from expanding to a sufficient extent to form steam. Hence, if the pressure of the atmosphere varies, as it does at different times and places, or if it be increased or diminished by artificial means, the boihng point of a liquid will undergo a corresponding change.
Página 191 - ... acid, which is slowly absorbed by water. (See Fig. 83.)* Kindled sulphur burns in oxygen with a beautiful blue light. 283. Oxygen and Respiration.— Oxygen is necessary to respiration, and is constantly taken into the lungs, from the atmosphere, in the process of breathing. No animal can live in an atmosphere which does not contain a certain portion of uncombined oxygen.
Página 386 - At a dull red heat this oxide is again decomposed into its constituents. Hydrochloric acid has little or no action on mercury, and the same may be said of sulphuric acid in a diluted state ; when the latter is concentrated and...
Página 26 - The specific gravity, or specific weight of a body, is its weight as compared with the weight of an equal bulk of some other substance^ assumed as the standard of comparison.
Página 151 - No elementary substance can be an electrolyte ; for from the nature of the process, compounds alone are susceptible of electrolysis. Electrolysis occurs only whilst the body is in the liquid state. The free mobility of the particles which form the body undergoing decomposition is a necessary condition of electrolysis, since the operation is always attended by a transfer of the component particles of the electrolyte in opposite directions. The passage of a current of electricity through the liquid...
Página 79 - From its extreme softness, its particles slide over each other in the act of expansion, and do not return to their original position. " A leaden pipe, used for conveying steam, permanently lengthens some inches in a short time, and the leaden flooring of a sink, which often receives hot water, becomes, in the course of use, thrown up into ridges and puckers.
Página 182 - ... contain the same elements, carbon and hydrogen, in the same proportions.* " The crystallized part of the oil of roses, the delicious fragrance of which is so well known, a solid at ordinary temperatures, altheugh read ly volatile, is a compound body containing exactly the same elements, and in the same proportion, as the gas we employ for lighting our streets.
Página 204 - The experiment can be shown by adapting to the cork of a flask from which hyFiG. 98. drogen is evolved, a piece of pipe-stem, or a small glass tube drawn out to a point. (See Fig. 98.) If a" dry, cold tumbler be held over a jet of burning hydrogen, its interior will rapidly become covered with a copious deposition of moisture. This results from a condensation of the vapor of water produced by the union of the hydrogen with the oxygen of the atmosphere. 296.
Página 225 - Combustion. greater in summer than in winter, and during night than during day. It is also rather more abundant in elevated situations, as on the summits of high mountains, than in plains ; this is probably owing to an absorption of the gas near the surface of the earth by plants and moist surfaces.