83-96. The Wars of the Roses.

87. The Tower of London was said to have been begun by

father. Henry V.

90. meek usurper. Henry VI.

93. The silver boar was the badge of Richard III.

115. Queen Elizabeth.

121. Taliessin. A Welsh bard of the sixth century.

126. Spenser's Faerie Queene.

128. Shakespeare's plays.

131. Milton.

133. 'The succession of poets after Milton's time.'-Gray.

CXX

Poetical Works (1832). Bodryddan is near Rhuddlan, in Flintshire.

CXXI-CXXII

Works, with a Memoir (Wm. Blackwood & Sons, 1839). As to the first,

1. 2. Hirlas. From 'hir,' long, and 'glas,' blue or azure.

14. Eryri is the Welsh name for the Snowdon Mountains.

As to the second,

Prince Madog, a natural son of Llywelyn, was the leader of the Welsh Rebellion (1294-1295), occasioned by the levying of taxes by Edward I. to pay for his projected expedition to Gascony.

CXXIII

Poems (Roberts, 1869). Translated from the Welsh.

1. 1. Glyndwr. Owain ap Gruffydd, commonly called Owen Glendower (1359?-1416?), joined the Percies and Mortimers in their rebellion against Henry IV.

CXXIV

From the Ode written at the request of the Llywelyn Memorial Committee (Bangor : Jarvis & Foster, 1895). By permission of the author. Llywelyn ap Gruffydd (died 1282) was the last champion of Welsh liberty.

1. 29. Lloegrian. Lloegria was one of the ancient names of Britain.

40. Cwmhir. Cwmhir Abbey in Radnorshire.

67. Iorwerth's happier son. Llywelyn ap Iorwerth (died 1240), commonly called Llywelyn the Great.

CXXV

This translation of the famous Welsh poem, Morfa Rhuddlan (i.e., 'Red Marsh') is in the metre of the original. Published (September, 1894) in Wales, a monthly magazine. By permission of the editor of Wales and the author's representatives. Three stanzas (2, 5, and 6) are omitted. Morfa Rhuddlan, on the banks of the Clwyd in Flintshire, was the scene of many battles between Britons and Saxons. In the battle described in the poem (A.D. 795), the Britons under Caradoc were defeated and their leader slain. river.

Those who escaped the sword were driven into the The original poem is said to have been composed by Caradoc's bard immediately after the battle.

CXXVI-CXXVII

Welsh Lyrics of the Nineteenth Century, First Series (Bangor : Jarvis & Foster, 1896). By permission of author and publishers. As to the first,-Idris (=Cader Idris), Berwin, and Plynlimmon (1. 8, &c.) are mountains in Wales.

As to the second,-Cymru (l. 1)=Wales.

III.-SCOTLAND

CXXVIII

The Tea-Table Miscellany: a Collection of Choice Songs Edinburgh, 4 vols., 1724-7).

CXXIX

This matchless wail' (as Scott called it) was written in 1756. For some time it was thought to be a genuine relic of the past. Burns was one of the first to insist that it was a modern composition. The Forest' is, of course, Ettrick Forest, that romantic district comprising most of Selkirkshire and the neighbouring parts

of Peebles and Edinburgh shires. A few straggling thorns and solitary birches are the sole remaining traces of this 'fein foreste,' once the favourite hunting-ground of the Scottish kings.

bandsters. Binders of sheaves.

bogle. 'Hide and seek.'

buchts. Pen in which ewes are enclosed at milking-time.

Written on the Marquess of Huntley's departure for Holland, with the English forces, under the command of Sir Ralph Abercromby, in 1799.

CXXXI-CXXXIV

The first is number 259 in vol. iii. of Johnson's Musical Museum (1790), signed 'Z.' 'The first half stanza of this song is old-the rest is mine.'-Author's note in interleaved copy.

The second was written in 1793, and first published in the Morning Chronicle (May, 1794). The old air, Hey, tuttie, taitie, to which Burns 'fitted' this poem, is said to have been Bruce's marching tune at Bannockburn.

The third appeared in the Edinburgh Courant (May 4, 1795). and in the Dumfries Journal (May 5, 1795), and is number 546 in vol. ii. of Johnson's Musical Museum (1803).

The fourth was written in 1795 for the Irish air Humours of Glen, and published in the Edinburgh Magazine (May, 1797), and in vol. ii. of Thomson's Scottish Airs (1799).

CXXXV-CXXXVII

The first is the opening stanza of the sixth canto of The Lay of the Last Minstrel (1805).

The second consists of part of stanza 33, and the whole of stanza 34 of the sixth canto of Marmion (1808).

1. 5. vaward. Vanguard.

7. The horn of Roland, nephew of Charlemagne, the sound of which carried a fabulous distance.

The third was written for Albyn's Anthology (1816). Donuil Dhu' means 'Donald the Black.'

The second, written in 1825, first appeared in The Doom of Devergoil (1830), Act ii. scene 2.

'The air of Bonnie Dundee running in my head to-day,' Scott writes (22nd December), 'I wrote a few verses to it before dinner, taking the keynote from the story of Clavers leaving the Scottish Convention of Estates in 1688-9. I wonder if they are good!' (Journal, i. 60).

The full title of the third number is War Song of the Royal Edinburgh Light Dragoons.' It was written under the apprehension of a French invasion. The corps of volunteers to which the song is addressed was raised in 1797, and consisted of Edinburgh gentlemen mounted and armed at their own expense.

CXLI

From Scott's Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, 3 vols. (18021803). The first four lines of the fourth stanza appear on the titlepage of Marmion.

CXLII

First published in Cromek's Remains of Nithisdale and Galloway Song (1810), when the author was a working mason.

CXLIII

Johnson's Musical Museum, vol. iii. (1790). A similar song, The Clans are Coming, is included in Ritson's Scottish Songs (1794).

CXLIV

Collected Works, edited by William Anderson (1851). I have found many versions of this old song, but none to equal Gilfillan's.

CXLV-CXLVI

Both from Songs of Travel (Chatto & Windus, 1896). By permission of Charles Baxter, Esq., executor of the author.

The second was written at Vailima, Samoa, and is addressed 'To S. R. Crockett, Esq.' The author writes from Vailima to Mr. Crockett (May 17, 1893):-'I shall never set my foot again upon the heather. Here I am until I die, and here will I be buried. The word is out, and the doom written.'-Letters, vol. ii. p. 287 (Methuen & Co., 1899).

1. 3. Whaups. Curlews.

11. Peewees. Lapwings.

CXLVII

Blackwood's Magazine (January 1900). By permission of the author and the editor of Blackwood's Magazine.

JACOBITE SONGS

CXLVIII-CLI

The first number is given in Hogg's Jacobite Relics, Second Series (Wm. Blackwood, 1821).

As to the second, there are many versions of this old song. Hogg has two versions, both different to that given here.