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king had so high a sense of Campbell's merit that he gave him his sister, lady Mary Bruce, in marriage, and granted to them and her son John, all the lands which belonged to David de Strathbogie, earl of Athol. When the victory of Bannockburn had established the independence of Scotland, Sir Niel Campbell was one of the great barons in the parliament which met at Ayr in 1315, and fixed the succession to the crown. By the lady Mary he had three sons, Colin, John, and Duncan. The first son, Colin, succeeded him on his death in 1316. In that year he accompanied the king to Ireland, to assist in placing his brother on the throne of that kingdom. Passing through a wood, in 1317, the Scottish army received positive orders from Robert to march in order of battle, and on no pretence to leave their ranks. Two English yeomen, however, discharged their arrows at Sir Colin, who pursued them to avenge the insult. Observing that the king followed, and struck his nephew so hard a blow with his truncheon that it almost knocked him off his horse, at the same time exclaiming, Return, your disobedience might have placed us all in jeapardy." In 1334 Sir Colin assisted the steward of Scotland, in the recovery of the Castle of Dunoon from the English, which gave the first turn of fortune to King David Bruce, and Campbell was in consequence appointed heritable governor of that fortress. He married a lady of the house of Lennox, and had three sons and a daughter, Archibald, John, Dugald, and Alicia. He died in 1340, and was succeeded by his eldest son. To him succeeded his eldest son, Duncan, who was raised to the dignity of a lord of parliament by James II., in 1445, by the title of lord Campbell. In the preceding reign he had been a member of the privy council, the king's justiciary, and lord-lieutenant of the county of Argyle. He married lady Marjory Stewart, the daughter of Robert Douglas, of Albany, regent of Scotland, by whom he had three sons, Celestino, Archibald, and Colin. He afterwards married Margaret, daughter of Sir John Stewart, of Blackhall, natural son of Robert III, and by her he had three more sons. His lordship was one of the hostages for the redemption of King James in 1424, and his annual revenue at that time may be stated to be 1500 marks, a larger income than that of any other of the hostages. He died at the close of 1453, and was succeeded by his grandson Colin, the son of his second son Archibald, Celestino having died young, Colin, second lord Campbell, was created earl of Argyle in 1457, and appointed master of the king's household in 1464. (To be continued.)

ANECDOTES OF LAFITTE.

PICKING UP A PIN.

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at least for the present. My offices are all full. At some future period, should I have occasion for any one, I will see what I can do; but, in the meantime, I would have you look for an engagement elsewhere, for it may be a long time before I have a vacancy.

Little did

Thus repulsed, the young applicant withdrew. Crossing the court yard, sad and downcast, he stooped to pick up a pin from the ground, which he carefully placed in the sleeve of his coat. he suspect that an act so insignificant would decide his future fate, and make his It was, however, seen from the fortune. window of his apartment by M. Perregaux. The Swiss banker was one of those who knew the value of little things, and who formed his judgment of men from observing minute details, which the vulgar would regard as unimportant. What he had seen was to him a pledge of order and economy, and it assured him that the young man possessed qualities which would render him valuable. He who had picked up the pin became an excellent clerk, gained the confidence of his employer, and eventually reached the highest prosperity. That same evening he received a note from M. Perregaux to this effect:-"There is a situation for you in my house; you can enter upon to-morrow."

IMPORTANCE OF ECONOMY.

it

An editor of the Bien Social, whom business had caused to be with M. Lafitte for a short time, was the witness of an incident which deserves to be mentioned. One of the sisterhood of St. Vincent de Paul, known to a multitude of unfortunates at Paris, to whom she is a benefactress, waited on the banker, as she was in the habit of doing on many benevolent persons, to solicit in behalf of the poor. He received her very graciously, and with the air of a

man who is glad of something to distract his thoughts from affairs which had put him out of humour. "What can I do for you, my good sister?" he inquired. "Sir, I came to you," she replied, "to petition for my poor neighbours; they are very numerous, and at this moment (it was then the depth of winter) their distress is great." "Indeed! you came at the right time," said the financier; "for just now I am angry with that gentleman for wasting my wafers," pointing with his finger to a young man seated at a desk, who smiled, but who was evidently ruffled. The applicant feared it would be her lot to go away empty-handed; and that her visit might not be wholly useless, she applied herself to extenuate the error of the clerk, whose fault was that he had not made one wafer serve to seal two letters, when M. Lafitte presented her with a bank-bill for 1,000 francs, to be applied to the relief of those whose cause she had pleaded, at the same time saying, "My good sister, if in my lengthened career I had not exactly economized in everything, it would not be so easy for me to day to contribute to the excellent object which you have in view, and which your good will enables me to assist. Pray look in upon me again from time to time." The sister withdrew. He who traces these lines may say, "What I saw I have written."

great humour and feeling. The picture is graphic, and the imagery ingenuous and striking:

"The minister's house was an open bookshop, the books in which (the daughters) you might read there, but could not take home with you. Though five other daughters were already standing in five private libraries as wives, and one under the ground at Maienthal was sleeping off the child'splay of life, yet still in this daughter-warehouse there remained three gratis copies to be disposed of to good friends. The minister was always prepared, in drawings from the office-lottery, to give his daughters as premiums to winners, and holders of the lucky ticket. Whom God gives an office, he also gives, if not sense for it, at least a wife. In a daughter-full house, there must, as in the church of St. Peter's, be confessionals for all nations, for all characters, for all faults; that the daughters may sit as confessoresses therein, and absolve from all, bachelorship only excepted. As a natural philosopher, I have many times admired the wise methods of nature for distributing daughters and plants; is it not a fine arrangement, said I to the natural historian Goeze, that nature should have bestowed specially on young women, who for their growth require a rich mineralogical soil, some sort of hooking apparatus, whereby to stick themselves on miserable marriage-cattle, that may carry them to

Towards the close of the last century certain sage politicians felt great alarm at a threatened, or, at least, dreaded, decline in the population of the country. To remedy the evil, labourers were encouraged to marry. The course taken was so successful that it is now many years since any apprehension could seriously be entertained that our workhouses, even if the fine Elizabethan union houses had not been erected, would remain unpeopled.

At all events there is now no longer any state necessity for drawing young people into matrimony, and therefore those females who do not find partners to their liking, might be permitted to remain single. There is, however, a mean, ill-natured disposition to sneer at the elderly maiden, as if the prudent spinster-who declined rashly committing herself to a state which might not only be painful to her, but which would inflict long suffering on the helpless ones to whom she might become a parent-were a less estimable character than the foolish slave of passion, who braves all consequences for the gratification of the moment, or, as she elegantly terms it, who "gives up all for love."

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On this subject Jean Paul Richter, in his Daughter-full House," has touched with

-The Treatise on the Habitable Globe), as you know, observes that such seeds as can flourish only in fat earth are furnished with barbs, and so fasten themselves the better on grazing quadrupeds, which transport them to stalls and dunghills. Strangely does nature by the wind-which father and mother must raise-scatter daughters and fir-seeds into the arable spots of the forest. Who does not remark the final cause here, and how nature has equipped many a daughter with such and such charms, simply that some peer, some mitred abbot, cardinal-deacon, apanaged prince, or mere country baron, may lay hold of said charmer, and in the character of father or brideman, hand her over ready-made to some gawk of the like sort, as a wife acquired by purchase? And do we find in bilberries a slighter attention on the part of nature? Does not the same Linnæus notice, in the same treatise, that they, too, are cased in a nutritive juice to incite the fox to eat them; after which, the villain-digest them he cannot-in such sort as he may, becomes their sower?

"O, my heart is more in earnest than you think; the parents anger me, who are soul-brokers; the daughters sadden me, who are made slave-negresses.--Ah, is it wonderful that these, who, in their West

Indian market-place, must dance, laugh, speak, sing, till some lord of a plantation take them home with him-that these, I say, should be as slavishly treated, as they are sold and bought? Ye poor lambs! And yet ye, too, are as bad as your salemothers and sale-fathers: what is one to do with this enthusiasm for your sex, when one travels through German towns, where every heaviest-pursued, every longest-tilled individual, were he second cousin to the devil himself, can point with his finger to thirty houses, and say: 'I know not, shall it be from the pearl-coloured, or the nutbrown, or the steel-green house, that I wed; open to customers are they all." How, my girls, is your heart so little worth that you cut it, like old clothes, after any fashion, to fit any breast; and does it wax or shrink, then, like a Chinese ball, to fix itself into the ball-mould and marriage ring-case of any male heart whatever? Well, it must; unless we would sit at home, and grow old maids,' answer they; whom I will not answer, but turn scornfully away from them, to address that same old maid in these words:

"Forsaken, but patient one! misknown and mistreated! Think not of the times when thou hadst hope of better than the present are, and repent the noble pride of thy heart, never! It is not always our duty to marry, but it is always our duty to abide by right, not to purchase happiness by loss of honour, not to avoid unweddedness by untruthfulness. Lonely, unadmired heroine; in thy last hour, when all life and the bygone possessions and scaffoldings of life shall crumble in pieces, ready to fall down; in that hour thou wilt look back on thy untenanted life; no children, no husband, no wet eyes will be there; but in the empty dusk, one high, pure, angelic, smiling, beaming figure, godlike and mounting to the godlike, will hover, and beckon thee to mount with her-mount thou with her, the figure is thy Virtue.'"

Reviews.

A Pictorial Tour in the Mediterranean. By John H. Allan, member of the Athenian Archæological Society, and of the Egyptian Society of Cairo.

A work, more rich in illustration, more elegantly got up, and more interesting to the general reader, seldom comes within our notice.

The author embarks at Liverpool in the Oriental, and describes in a lively style the squalls which take place, and the consequent mishaps which befel the passengers on their way to Gibraltar. From thence he conducts the reader to Venice, introduces him to the seat of the Doges, leads him in

a pleasing way to Smyrna, where everything of note from the fig-tree to the temple of Appollo Didymaens-is brought to his notice. Alexandria, which opens the fourth chapter, is not less interesting than those which precede it: Pompey's Pillar, Cleopatra's Needle, with the False Pyramids and ancient castles, are full of interest. The volume is illustrated by 88 lithographic drawings and 96 wood-engravings, not one of which that does not reflect the greatest credit upon the artists, Messrs. Allan and Gilks. For specimens of the illustrations on wood see the articles entitled"Scenes on the Mediterranean." ,, The accompanying woodcuts have been kindly proffered us by Mr. Allan. We strongly recommend the "Pictorial Tour" to public attention, as it is decidedly the best work, both in point of illustrations and literary qualifications that has been issued from the press.

Miscellaneous.

Life in Germany, as it appears to an Englishman.-"What now, amongst the Germans, strikes every liberal lover of his country, every man who has no motive but to see the truth and spread of it, especially in our own beloved country? He sees a simple, and less feverish state of existence. He sees a greater portion of popular con. tent diffused by a more equal distribution of property. He sees a less convulsive straining after the accumulation of enormous fortunes. He sees a less incessant devotion to the mere business of moneymaking, and consequently a less intense selfishness of spirit; a more genial and serene enjoyment of life, a more intellectual embellishment of it with music and domestic entertainment. He sees the means of existence kept, by the absence of ruinous taxation, of an enormous debt recklessly and lavishly piled on the public shoulders, by the absence of restrictions on the importation of articles of food, cheap and easy of acquisition. He sees, wherever he goes, in great cities, or small towns, everything done for the public enjoyment. Public walks, beautifully planted, and carefully accommodated with seats at convenient distances for the public to rest at leisure. He sees these walks laid out wherever it be possible. Old town-walls and ramparts are converted into promenades, commanding by their elevation the finest prospects over town and country. The whole of city or town is encircled by them. Thus the old as well as the young can ascend from the heat and dust and hurry of the streets, and enjoy the freshest air, and the most lively and yet soothing scenes in the streets below on one hand, or gaze into the green fields

and hills around. It is delightful to see on fine days the greyheaded fathers of a city thus seated on these airy walks beneath their favourite limes, and enjoying their chat together over old times, while within a few steps of home their eyes can still wander over those distant scenes whither their feet no longer can carry them. If there be an old castle in the suburbs of any of their towns, it is not shut up, but its gardens, and its very walls, and courts, and fosses, are laid out in lovely walks, and the whole place is made the favourite resort and enjoyment of the whole population. There a coffee-house or cassino is sure to be found; and there beneath the summer trees, old and young, rich and poor, sit and partake of their coffee, wine, and other refreshment, while some old tower near is converted into an orchestra, and sends down the finest music for the general delight. He sees all sorts of gardens, even to the royal ones, and all sorts of estates, kept open for the public observation and passage through them; he sees the woods and forests all open to the foot and spirit of the delighted lover of nature and of solitude. He sees all public amusements and enjoyments, as theatrical and musical representations, the very highest of this kind, kept cheap and accessible to all. There are no operas there with boxes let at £300 per annum, with seats in the pit at half-a-guinea each. Twenty-pence is the price of gentility itself; and for five-pence may be heard, and in a good place, the finest operas performed by the finest singers in the country. For four-pence may be attended the finest out-of-door concerts of Strauss or Lanner in the capital of Austria itself. He sees education kept equally cheap in school and university, kept within the reach of all for the free use of all; and the school so systematised as to answer the various requirings of every varied class or profession. He sees the church kept cheap, and the churches open and free to one man as well as another, without pews and property, where all should be open, the common meetingplace of the common family before the common Father. He sees no church-rates imposed on stubborn and refractory consciences, but a voluntary contribution, left to the voluntary attender of divine service. He sees musical and singing societies encouraged amongst the people, where the working classes, when the labours of the day are done, can meet and enjoy a refining treat. He sees these civilising and refining influences extended over the open-air enjoyments of the Sundays and holidays of the common people in city and country." W. Howitt.

Sam Sly's African Journal.-This entertaining vehicle of information, which we have often had occasion to quote, has no

equal for sly humour in that quarter of the globe which has the advantage of publishing it. The following passages from a whimsical sketch of Cape Town, are very rich :-"Then the number of black faces and hands, and shoeless feet, or Images of God cut in ebony,' that bespoke an African soil, when in England we had only been accustomed to see a straggler now and then, out of his element at the road-side, sunning himself as well as he could, near a wall, or begging, or in the hall of some retired Bengal Indian, behind a carriage, or flourishing the drum-sticks over the big drum in St. James's Park. We were much amused at the incessant and universal crowing of cocks, in every direction, and at the uncommon quantity of curs, blinking in the sun, of every description, not two alike and none of a decided character, but all mixed and all mongrel-too idle and cowardly to fly at you, and too suspicious to wag their tails and make your acquaintance. It was strange to see so many heads in red kerchiefs and conical-shaped straw hats like funnels, or inverted whipping tops-to see such a number of Malay boys like little old men cut short, in the full complement of habiliments with their grandfathers. To see twenty oxen in one rudely-constructed waggon, with little or nothing in it, and a mere gipsy's tent at the end, or like an elephant linked to a mouse. It was strange to find uncovered ditches running up the principal streets, to hear no bells or music, and to mark the apathy and indifference of every one, in so bright a region. queer to perceive so many women and girls sitting on their haunches at doorways with nothing to do, and labour so much in request. It was laughable to see gentlemen and giants on horseback in green veils, and others on foot all in white in November, jike a miller powdered with his own flour.

The Gatherer.

It was

The Doctors of the Day-A poem in support of Hydropathy is preparing for the press. It opens with the following invocation, and compliment to the faculty:"Goddess of health, whose favour all implore, Whom all, except physicians, must adore; Thou, whom with more than common mortal state,

'Twas Lady Hamilton's to personate. Now lend a suppliant thy willing aid,

To sing how crime has flourished as a trade, How men as doctors have been raised to fame,

Who rather should have borne the butcher's

name.

How more expert than India's murd'rous Thugs,
They still have sold their life destroying drugs.
Teach me to paint the weakness of mankind,
Through countless ages obstinately blind.
Help me in proper light to show their case,
And wake to common sense the human race."

De Fellenberg's School at Hofwyl." As we returned from the garden with the pu pils, on the evening of the first day, we stood for a few minutes with Vehrli (the preceptor who has the charge of them), in the court-yard, by the shore of the lake. The pupils had ascended into the class rooms, and the evening being tranquil and warm, the windows were thrown up, and we, shortly afterwards, heard them sing in excellent harmony. As soon as this song had ceased, we sent a message to request another with which we had become familiar in our visits to the Swiss schools; and thus, in succession, we called for song after song of Nageli, imagining that we were only directing them at their usual hour of instruction in vocal music. There was a great charm in this simple but excellent harmony. When we had listened nearly an hour, Vehrli invited us to ascend into the room where the pupils were assembled. We followed him, and on entering the apartment, great was our surprise to discover that the whole school, during the period we had listened, had been cheering with songs their evening employment of peeling potatoes and cutting the stalks from the green vegetables and beans, which they had gathered in the garden. As we stood there they renewed their choruses till prayers were announced. We were greatly charmed in this school by the union of comparatively high intellectual attainments among the scholars, with the utmost simplicity of life and cheerfulness in the humblest menial labours. Their food was of the coarsest character, consisting chiefly of vegetables, soups, and very brown bread. They rose between four and five, took three meals in the day, the last about six, and retired to bed about nine."-Minutes of the Council on Education.

Literary Treasures.-A copy of the second edition of Shakspeare's "Venus and Adonis," 1594, was sold on Wednesday week, at Messrs. Sotheby's, for £106. This edition was unknown to Malone and his contemporaries; the only other copy said

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to exist, was left to the Bodleian library by the late Mr. Caldecot. It is not a remainder of the first edition, but a distinct re-impression. Malone gave £25 for his copy of the first edition of 1593; it would fetch seven times that sum now. A copy of the Sonnets," of 1609, was sold at the same sale (title and dedication wanting, but supplied by Harris), for £33, a higher price than has been given before for a perfect copy. Garrick's copy of the first folio was knocked down for £86; bought at Garrick's sale for £34 2s. 6d., and by Garrick himself, when books were cheap, for £1 16s, or as many shillings. The original selling price was £1. A kind of cup or rummer made from Shakspeare's mulberry tree was sold on the same day for £30. This was "Tom Hill's" cup.

How to serve a Poor Friend.-"If y f your friend is in want, don't carry him to the tavern where you treat yourself as well as him, and entail a thirst and headache upon him next morning. To treat a poor wretch with a bottle of Burgundy, or fill his snuff-box is like giving a pair of lace ruffles to a man that has never a shirt to his back. Put something into his pocket."— Tom Brown.