Views of Northumberland, 45 GOODRICH, Bishop of Ely, Lord Keeper, 45. His
Origin and Rise, 45. Made Lord Chancellor, 46. Commission to hear Causes in
Chancery, 46. Warrant for the Execution of Somerset, 46. A Parliament,
46. Unconstitutional Writs for the New Parliament, 46. Meeting of the
Parliament at Whitehall, 46. Parliament dissolved by Chancellor, 47. Illness
of Edward VI., 47. Plan to change the Succession, 47, Edward's Will in favour
or Lady Jane Grey, 48. Conduct of the Chancellor, 48. Opinion of Judges, 48.
Plan declared illegal, 48. Meeting of Judges before the King, 49. The Judges
yield, 49.
Instrument under Great Seal appointing Lady Jane Grey to succeed,
49. Death of Edward VI., 50. Accession of Queen Jane, 50. Goodrich her
Chanceller, 50 Reign of Queen Jane, 51. Proceedings of the Princess Mary, 51.
Mary supported by the People, 51 Goodrich delivers up Great Seal, 51. Queen
Mary proclaimed, 52. Great Seal carried to Queen Mary, 52. End of Reign of
Queen Jane, 52. Retirement of Ex-chancellor Goodrich, 52. His Death, 52. Re-
formation established. 52. Changes in Criminal Law, 52. Propensities of the
Lords Spiritual and Temporal in the Reign of Edward VI.,
53. Proclamations
53. Administration of Justice, 53.
STEPHEN GARDYNER, Chancellor, 53. His Extraction, 54. His Education. 54. In
Service of Cardinal Wolsey, 54. Intimacy with the King, 54 King's Divorce
Cause, 51. Retained as Counsel for the King in the Divorce Cause, 55. Is made
Secretary of State, 56. Acknowledges the King's Supremacy, 56. Opposes the
Reformation, 56. "Six Articles," 56. Gardyner's anxiety about Henry's Mar-
riage 57. Queen Catherine Howard, 57. King announces his Marriage with
Catherine Par, 57. Gardyner marries them, 58. Intrigues against Cranmer, 58.
Conduct of Gardyner to Archbishop Cranmer, 59. Gardyner's Attempt against
Queen Catherine Par, 59. Gardyner in disgrace, 59. His Opposition to the
Translation and Circulation of the Scriptures, 60. Interview with Henry VIII. at
Windsor, 60. King's Refusal to name him as Executor in his Will, 61. On the
Accession of Edward VI. Gardyner opposes the Reformation, 61. Committed to
the Fleet, 62. His Fortitude, 62. Progress of Reformation, 62. Proceedings
against Gardyner, 63. Gardyner is brought to Trial, 63. Kept close Prisoner in
Tower, 63. Mary's triumphal Procession to the Tower, 61. State Prisoners in the
Tower, 64. Gardyner released, is made Lord Chancellor and Prime Minister, 64.
LIFE OF LORD CHANCELLOR GARDYNER, FROM THE ACCESSION OF QUEEN MARY.
Good Measures of new Reign, 65. Queen crowned by Lord Chancellor, 65, His
Policy, 65. Roman Catholic Bishops restored, 66. Chancellor's Speech at Open-
ing of Parliament, 66. Proceedings in Parliament, 66 Persecution of Judge
Hales, 67. His Dialogue with the Lord Chancellor, 67. Judge Hales committed
to Prison by Chancellor, 68. Suicide of Judge Hales, 69. Execution of Lady
Jane Grey and her Husband, 69. Gardyner's cruel Administration, 69. Mary's
Marriage, 69. Chancellor's Speech to Parliament, 70. Arrival of Philip of Spain,
70. Reconciliation with Rome, 71. Chancellor's Speech, introducing Cardinal
Pole, 71. England reconciled to Rome, 72. Lord Chancellor Gardyner preaches
at Paul's Cross, 72. Estimate of his past Conduct, 72, His Plan of extinguishing
Lutheranism in England by Persecution, 72. New Court for Trial of Heretics, 73.
Bishop Hooper and others tried before the Chancellor, and sentenced to the
Flames, 73. Inquisition established, 74 Conduct of the Chancellor on Mary's
supposed Pregnancy, 74. A new Session of Parliament, 75. Eloquence of the
Lord Chancellor, 75. His sudden Death, 75. His last Moments, 75. His Conduct
as a Judge, 76. As a Statesman, 76. His Mode of Living, 77. Funeral, 77. His
Writings, 77.
Mary's Difficulty in appointing a Chancellor on the Death of Gardyner, 77. Ap-
pointment of NICHOLAS HEATH, Archbishop of York, as Chancellor, 78 His
Birth and Education, 78. His Rise, 79. Opposes Reformation, 79. His Conduct
during Protectorate of Somerset, 79. Committed to Prison, 80. Deprived of his
Bishopric, 80. On Accession of Mary, liberated and made Archbishop of York,
80. Succeeds Gardyner as Chancellor, 80. His Incompetency as a Judge, 80, A
Parliament, 81. Question of Parliamentary Privilege decided by the Chancellor,
81. Last Illness of Mary, 81, Parliament opened by the Chancellor, 81. Procla
mation against seditious Books, 82. The Lord Chancellor's Visit to the House of
Commons to press for a Subsidy, 82. The Lord Chancellor announces to the two
Houses the Death of Queen Mary, 83. Elizabeth proclaimed, 83. Chancellor's
Address to her at Hatfield, 83. Her Answer, 83. Surrender of Great Seal to her,
83. Ex-Chancellor Heath retained as Councillor, 84. Queen Elizabeth's choice of
Religion, 84. Honourable Conduct of Heath, 84. He concurs with Bishops in re-
fusing to assist at Queen's Coronation, 85. Heath's Speech in House of Lords
against the Reformed Religion, 85 Conference between Roman Catholic and
Protestant Divines, 86. Heath refuses to acknowledge Queen's Supremacy, 87.
He is deprived of his Archbishopric, 87 His retirement, 87. Is visited by Queen
Elizabeth, 87. His Death. 87. State of the Law and Conduct of Chancellors du-
ring the Reign of Queen Mary, 87.
State of Business in the Court of Chancery, 88. Great Scal delivered to Sir NICH.
OLAS BACON as Lord Keeper, 86. His previous Career, 89. His Birth, 89. Edu-
cation, 89. Subordinate Offices held by him, 90. His Plan for founding a Univer-
sity in London, 90. Brother-in-law of Cecil, 90 His Conformity to the Catholic
Religion in the Reign of Queen Mary, 90. Made Lord Keeper on recommenda-
tion of Cecil, 91. New Great Seal, 91. Lord Keeper's Speech on opening Parlia-
ment, 92. His Advice on Queen's 'Title, 92 Lord Keeper Moderator in Disputa-
tion between Roman Catholic and Protestant Divines, 92, His Partiality, 93.
Catholic Disputants committed to Prison, 93. Lord Keeper excellent Equity
Judge, 93. Doubts respecting his Authority as Lord Keeper, 93. Act of Parliu-
ment to declare his Authority, 94 A new Parliament, 94. Procession to West-
minster, 94. Lord Keeper's Speech to the Two Houses, 95. Lord Keeper's
Speech at the Prorogation, 95. Elizabeth's Declaration about her Marriage, 96.
Queen's Suitors, 96. Address delivered by Lord Keeper inviting Queen to marry,
96. Queen's Answer, 97. Ceremony at the Close of the Session, 97. Speech
of Speaker of House of Commons, 98. Lord Keeper's Answer, 98. Queen stops
him, and herself addresses the Commons, 98. Parliament dissolved, 98. Con-
troversy respecting Right of Succession to the Throne, 98. Pamphlet in fa-
vour of House of Suffolk, 98. Discovery that this was written by the Lord
Keeper, 98, Lord Keeper dismissed from Privy Council, and ordered to confine
himself to Business of Court of Chancery, 99. Lord Keeper restored
Privy Council and Queen's Confidence, 99. Mary Queen of Scots, 99. Lord
Keeper a Commissioner to examine into the Charge of her having mur-
dered her Husband, 99. Queen Elizabeth goes to Parliament in a Coach, 100.
Lord Keeper's Speech to the two Houses, 100. Choice of Speaker, 100. Lord
Keeper proceeds in Council against Members of the House of Commons, 101.
Lord Keeper reprimands the Commons, 101, Solicitation of the Speaker of the
Hous of Commons to Elizabeth in her advanced years to marry and have Chil-
dren, 101. The Lord Keeper's Answer, 101. Influence of the Lord Keeper, 102.
Trial of Duke of Norfolk, 102. Elizabeth's Kindness to the Lord Keeper, 103.
His Corpulency, 103. His Death, 103. Funeral, 103. Epitaph, 104. Character by
Camden, 104. By his Son, 104. By Hayward, 101. His Scholarship, 104. His
Oratory, 105. His high Qualifications as a Judge, 105. His Writings. 106. His
Jests, 106.
Lord Keeper questioned at the Gate of Heaven respecting a Decree,
107, His Fortune, 107. His Children, 108. His Son Francis, 108.
Great Seal Two Months in personal Custody of the Queen, 109. Her mode of using
it, 109. Clamour for the Appointment of a Chancellor, 110 Queen's Perplexity,
110. Sir THOMAS BROMLEY, the Solicitor General, appointed Lord Chancellor,
110 His Birth, 110. Bred to the Law, 110. Made Solicitor General, 110. His
Conduct on Trial of Duke of Norfolk, 111. Evidence to support the Charge, 111.
Found Guilty, and executed, 113. Grief of Mary, 113. Bromley, the Solicitor
General, sent to her, 113. His interview with her, 113. Determination to bring
Mary to the Scaffold, 114. Bromley while Solicitor General more trusted by the
Government than the Attorney General, 114. Appointed Lord Chancellor, 114.
His Speech to the Queen on his Appointment, 114. Good Equity Judge, 116. A
Parliament, 116. Death of Speaker in Vacation, 116. Chancellor's Admonitions
to new Speaker, 117. Lord Chancellor rebukes Members of the House of Com-
mons, 117. Apprehensions of Elizabeth's Ministers from the Queen of Scots being
next Heir to the Crown, 117. Suggestion of taking her off by Poison, 117. Act
of Parliament preferred, 117. Lord Chancellor's Speech on opening of Parlia-
ment, 117. Bill for Trial of Mary, 118. Joy of Elizabeth, 118. She thanks the
two Houses, 118. Just Conviction of Babington, 118. Commission for the Trial
of Mary, 118. Bromley President, 118. Commissioners meet at Fotheringay, 118.
Mary denies the Jurisdiction of the Court, 119. Mary's preliminary Interview
with Bromley and other Commissioners, 118. Bromley baffled, 119. Attempt of
Sir Christopher Hatton, 119. Mary submits to the Jurisdiction of the Court, 120.
Her Trial, 120. Lord President Bromley's Address to her, 120. Her Answer,
Her Protest entered, 120 Evidence against her, 120. Her Defence, 120.
Burghley conducts the Prosecution, 121. His dread of an Acquittal, 121, Court
adjourned to Westminster, 121. Verdict of guilty against her in her Absence, 121.
Measures for carrying Sentence into Execution, 121. Parliament assembled, 121.
Lord Chancellor's Speech to hasten Execution, 122 Lord Chancellor's second
Speech against Mary, 122 Unanimous Address of both Houses, praying for her
Execution, 122. Elizabeth's Sarcasms on the Lawyers, 123. Elizabeth signs War-
rant for Mary's Execution, 123. Great Seal affixed to it, 123 It is sent off by
the Council, 123 Mary's Execution, 123. Her Conduct in her last Moments,
123. Sudden Illness of the Lord Chancellor, 124. His Death, 124. Lamentations
over him, 124. Ilis Character, 125. Friend to Toleration, 125. His Descend-
ants, 125.
Skill in Dancing, 128. His Fondness for the Stage, 128. Joined in writing a
Tragedy acted before Queen, 128 Tragedy of "Tancred and Gismund," 128.
Scene written by Sir Christopher Hatton, 128. He captivates Queen Elizabeth,
128. Taken into her Service, 129. Queen takes Security for Money advanced to
him, 129. His rapid Promotion at Court, 129 Envy and jealousy which he ex-
cited, 130. Hatton is returned to Parliament, and becomes Leader of the House
of Commons, 130. His continued exertion to please the Queen, 131. "Scandal of
Queen Elizabeth," 131. Hatton jealous of the Earl of Oxford, 131. Letter of
Advice to him from Edward Dyer, 132. Hatton's Letter to the Queen, justifying
himself, 133. Queen's Passion for Hatton revived by a fit of Illness, 133. Letter
of Gilbert Talbot relating the Court Scandal, 183. Hatton's Visit to Spa, 134.
His Love-letters to Elizabeth during his Absence, 134. His Return to England,
126. Queen Elizabeth's Letter to the Bishop of Ely, 136 Hatton, a Statesman
and a Privy Councillor, 136. Hatton employed to advise the Queen to have a
Tooth drawn, 137. Hatton and the Earl of Leicester correspond about the
Queen's Health, 137. Cruel Prosecution of Stubbes, 138. Hatton assists in
breaking off Elizabeth's Marriage with the Duke of Anjou, 138. Another Love-
letter from Hatton to Elizabeth, 138. Hatton in Time of Sickness sends a charm
to be worn by Elizabeth, 139. Another Love-letter from Hatton to Elizabeth, 140
Hatton quarrels with the Queen, 141. They are reconciled, 141. Appearance of
Sir Walter Raleigh at Court, 142. Queen pretends to slight Sir Walter Raleigh,
142. Hatton pleases Elizabeth by his zeal against the Queen of Scots, 142. His
Prayer in the House of Commons, 143 Sits on Trial of Babington, &c. 143.
His Examination of Nau and Curle, Mary's Secretaries, 144. His Conduct at the
Trial of Queen Mary, 145. Letter from Hatton to Elizabeth, written during the
Trial, 145. His Speech against her in the House of Commons, 146. Carries Re-
solution in the House of Commons for Execution of Mary, 146. Active in sending
off Death-warrant, 146 Pretended Anger of Elizabeth, 146. He is made Lord
Chancellor, 147. Description of the Ceremony, 147. Consternation at Westmin-
ster Hall, 147. Hatton's Incompetency, 148 Bar resolve not to practise before
him, 148. Procession on his Installation, 148. His Reception in Court of Chan-
cery, 149. His Conduct as a Judge, 150. Approach of the ARMADA, 150. Chan-
cellor attends Queen to Tilbury, 151. A Parliament, 151. Lord Chancellor's
Speech to the Two Houses, 151 He is made Knight of the Garter, 152. He de-
clines in favour, 152. He resists illegal Patent to the Earl of Leicester, 152. Sud-
den Death of Earl of Leicester, 153. Rise of young Earl of Essex, 153. Chancel-
lor slighted, 153. Sir Walter Raleigh Captain of Gentlemen Pensioners, 153.
Charles Blount, a new favourite, 153. Queen demands Debt due to her from
Hatton, 154. His last Sickness, 154. Elizabeth visits him while ill in Bed, 154.
His Death, 154. His Funeral, 155. His Character, 155. His Decisions, 155. A
Jest by him in the Court of Chancery, 155. His Severity in the Star Chamber,
156. Suspicion of being concerned in Murder of Earl of Northumberland, 157.
His continued Love of Dancing when Chancellor, 157. Sonnet addressed to him
by Spenser, 157. Tolerant in Religion, 158. His Liaison with Elizabeth, 158.
Never Married, 158. Letter of Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 158. Collared
by the Queen, 158. His Letter to the Earl of Essex, 160. His magnificent Style
of Living, 160. Entertainment by him to the Queen at Stoke Pogis, 161. His
collateral Relations, 161.
On Death of Sir Christopher Hatton, Great Seal delivered to the Queen, 162. Her
Reluctance to Appointment of Puckering on account of his uncouth Manners,
Two Commissions for Business of Great Seal, 162. Difficulties from this
Arrangement, 162. PUCKERING Lord Keeper, 163. His Origin, 163. Education,
163. A great Black-letter Lawyer, 163. Called Serjeant, 163. Member of the
House of Commons, 163. Elected Speaker, 163, His Address to the Queen, 163.
Counsel for the Crown, 164. Speaker the Second Time, 164. Urges the Execu-
tion of Mary Queen of Scots, 164. Answer of Elizabeth, 164. Puckering prose-
cutes Secretary Davison, 165. Queen's Serjeant, 165. His Conduct on Trial of
Earl of Arundel, 165. Conducts Prosecution of Sir John Perrot, 165. Puckering
is knighted, and receives the Great Seal, 166. His Installation as Lord Keeper,
167. His Merits and Defects as a Judge, 167. A Parliament, 168.
Lord Keep-
er's Address, 168. Sir Edward Coke elected Speaker, 168. Allowed by the
Lord Keeper, 168. Lord Keeper's Definition of "Liberty of Speech," 169.
Members of House of Commons committed to Prison, 169. Ideas of Lord Keeper
and Speaker respecting Privilege of Parliament, 169. Death of Lord Keeper
Puckering, 170. His Character, 170. Steady Government of Queen Elizabeth, 170
Queen keeps Great Seal in her own Custody, 171 Great Seal delivered to Sir
THOMAS EGERTON, 171. Natural Son of Sir Richard Egerton, 171. His Edu-
cation, 172. His Study of Law, 172. Anecdote of his interfering, while a Student,
as Amicus Curiæ, 172. He becomes a great Jurist, 173. Called to Bar, 173.
Made Queen's Counsel, 173. His Mode of Conducting Suits, 173. Made Solic-
itor General, 175. His Mode of conducting State Trials, 175. He frames the In-
dictment against Mary Queen of Scots, 175. Counsel against Earl of Arundel,
176. Egerton, Attorney General, 176. Prays Judgment on Sir John Perrot, 176.
Knighted, 177. Chamberlain of Chester, 177. Master of the Rolls, 177. Mode
of appointing him Lord Keeper, 177. While Lord Keeper, he continues Master
of the Rolls, 178. General Joy on his Appointment as Lord Keeper, 178. He
proves a consummate Judge, 179. His Decisions, 179. Offends Common-law
Judges by granting Injunctions, 179. Is defeated in Attempts to enforce Decrees
in Equity by imposing Fines, 180. Appropriate Punishment of Equity Draughts-
man for Prolixity, 180. A Parliament, 181. Lord Keeper's Speech, 181. Lord
Keeper's Admonition to the Speaker, 181. Question of Precedence, 182. Bill
against Monopolies, 182. Lord Keeper negotiates Treaty with Dutch, 182,
Treaty with Denmark, 182. Egerton's Conduct to Earl of Essex, 183. Queen
Elizabeth's Box on Ear to Earl of Essex, 183. Egerton's Letter to him, 183.
Essex induced to apologise, 184. Essex in Ireland, 184. Returns without leave,
184. Committed to the Custody of the Lord Keeper, 185. Lord Keeper's Kind-
ness to his Prisoner, 185. Letter from the Lord Keeper to Essex, 185. Proceed-
ing against Essex in Star Chamber, 185. Lord Keeper's Speech, 186. Essex re-
leased from the Custody of Lord Keeper, 187. Trial of Essex before Lord Keeper
and other Commissioners, 187. His Defence, 187, Lord Keeper's Admonition
to him, 187. The Sentence, 188. Essex's Rebellion, 188. Lord Keeper sent to
Essex House to quell it, 189. The Lord Keeper made Prisoner, 189. The Lord
Keeper liberated, 190. Surrender of Essex, 190. His Trial for High Treason, 191.
Lord Keeper's Interview with him in the Tower, 191. Death of Lord Elles-
mere's second Wife, and of his eldest Son, 192. His Third Marriage, 192.
Lord Keeper's Controversy with Serjeant Heele, 193.
jeant Heele, 193. Serjeant Heele's Letter to the Lord Keeper, 194. Serjeant
Heele's Speech in the House of Commons, 195. He is coughed down, 195.
Opening of Elizabeth's last Parliament, 195. Queen faints away, and Commons
excluded, 195. Lord Keeper's Speech to the Two Houses, 195. Queen piously
interrupts the Lord Keeper, 196. Admonition to Commons against Abuse of
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