Nor does he fail to show that its value does not depend wholly on sentiment. Dr. McKechnie has placed students of constitutional law and history under deep obligations. His examination of the Great Charter and of the times that gave it being extends to the various reissues and confirmations, while independent research is facilitated by an ample bibliography. There can be no doubt that his work comes to fill a long-felt want in legal and historical literature.

Mass and Class: A Survey of Social Divisions. By W. J. Ghent. The Macmillan Co., New York. 42X7 in. 260 pages. Paper bound, 25c.

My Automobile: A Handy Record. Dodd, Mead & Co., New York. 5X7 in. $1, net.

A blank book for automobile owners with the diary habit.

My Own Story. By Caleb Powers. Illustrated. The Bobbs-Merrill Co., Indianapolis. 4x7%1⁄2 in. 490 pages.

One view of the tragic political feud which has convulsed Kentucky since the assassination of William Goebel.

National Administration of the United States

of America (The). By John A. Fairlie, Ph.D. The Macmillan Co., New York. 6x9 in. 274 pages. $2.50, net.

There is ample room for a book like this. All too few writers on American institutions have dealt at any length with the administrative organization and activities of the Government, and this despite the fact that administrative questions are yearly becoming of more importance. Generally speaking, indeed, discussion has been confined to monographs and articles treating detailed phases of the subject, so that, in providing a systematic account of the National administration, Professor Fairlie may in a real sense be said to have broken new ground. It was, of course, impossible for him to explore his subject exhaustively within the limits of a single volume, but he has succeeded in surveying it so comprehensively, compactly, and clearly as to establish his work as an authoritative and luminous textbook, the helpfulness of which is by no means confined to students of political science. Three distinct ends are served. The evolution of the administrative system from the beginnings of the Republic to the present day is sketched; the modern structure and functioning of the system are outlined; and defects yet to be remedied are indicated, together with suggested reforms. In style the work is direct and incisive, in treatment accurate and objective, in presentation logical. Enlightening comparisons with foreign institutions abound. As an aid to further study wide lists of references for topical reading are included.

New Knowledge (The). By Robert Kennedy Duncan. Illustrated. A. S. Barnes & Co., New York. 54x8% in. $2.

Many of our readers will remember Professor Duncan's article lately printed in The Outlook under the title "Modern Alchemy; the Transmutation of Matter." That article

is included in this book. It gave an idea of the way in which the developments of the last few years in science have revolutionized many beliefs formerly existing. While some parts of the present book will be rather difficult reading for the average layman, there is much that will excite such a reader's interest and impel him to follow the author in his interpretation of the "New Knowledge" in chemistry and physics. "Locked up in this new knowl edge," it is thought, "is the cause of the heat of the sun, the nature of electricity, the evolution of a universe, and the birth and decay of matter. There are possibly a cure for tuberculosis, light without heat, a demonstration of vast stores of energy hitherto unsuspected, and a whole series of radiations from matter in the natural state." The whole field opened so recently, ranging from the atoms of the elements, corpuscles, the various rays, radio-activity, and inter-atomic energy, to inorganic evolution and cosmical problems, is here indicated, but with no claim of a complete exposition. The author has the rare faculty of infusing life into scientific discussion.

Ninth Paradise (The): Life-Verses New and Old. By James H. West, Boston. 3x6 in. 212 pages.

Old Man's Idyl (An). By Wolcott Johnson. A. C. McClurg & Co., Chicago. 4×6 in. 24 pages. $1, net.

On the Firing Line. By Anna Chapin Ray

and Hamilton Brock Fuller. Little, Brown & Co., Boston. 5x74 in. 289 pages. $1.50. The collaboration in this novel is very suc cessful. Modern Canada has not received due attention from writers of fiction, and the author of "By the Good Sainte Anne" dic good service to the land of the maple. Now to her skill has been added the practical ex perience of a man who took part in the Boe War, the result being a well-constructed, en tertaining, bright story, permeated by th spirit that recognizes and appreciates hig ideals. The men and maidens are just huma beings, doing their duty and making no ur common stir about it, healthy in mind an wholesome in heart.

On Tybee Knoll. By James B. Connolly Illustrated. A. S. Barnes & Co., New Yor 5x71⁄2 in. 285 pages. $1.25.

Mr. Connolly did good work in "The Seit ers," but the present tale might be an earl effort. His muscular hero, incoherent adve tures, and triumphant virtue may appeal t boys, but will not add to the really desirab list of the author's creations.

Orchard and Fruit Garden (The).

By E. 1

Powell. Vol. II. (The Country Home Library Illustrated. McClure, Phillips & Co., New Yor 52x8 in. 322 pages. $1.50, net.

In a previous volume in this series the auth has told how to establish yourself in t country, and get the most profit and comfo out of one's home. The present book dea in the same popular and practical way wi the selection and cultivation of fruit-beari trees, bushes, and vines. The author is

veteran fruit-grower, and his book has the value of accurate, scientific knowledge. Origin of Man (The). By G. W. Pool, Ph.B.

The Western Methodist Book Concern, Cincinnati. 5x8 in. 396 pages. $1.50, net. Regarding the scientific doctrine of evolution as dangerous to religious interests, the author opposes to it in the name of reason and true science a theory of special creation. Not, however, as that has been hitherto understood. For each species a creative act called into being "a psychical agent," an immaterial principle, which built up each specific form after a distinct pattern. This hits the truth that life is a body-builder, but why should Mr. Pool prefer to split this universal organific agent into millions of individual psychical agents, each separately created? As to evolution, he so far misconceives it as to charge it with "the absurdity of making endless change the cause of perfect order." From the dimensions of some prehistoric skulls he infers that their owners were not so near the brute as smaller-headed moderns, as if mental power depended on the mass of the brain, not on its convolutions. There is much more quite as weak as this, but it is specifically addressed to laymen, who may not be offended in reading "Sleiman" for Schliemann, “infusia” for infusoria, "hair lip" for hare lip.

Parliamentarian (The): A Manual of Parlia

mentary Procedure. By Cora Welles Trow. Randolph-Freeman Co., New York. 32x6 in. 152 pages. 75c.

Partners of the Tide. By Joseph C. Lincoln. Illustrated. A. S. Barnes & Co., New York. 5x71⁄2 in. 400 pages. $1.50.

Mr. Lincoln's "Cap'n Eri" was one of the few genuine and deserved fiction-successes of last season. It was full of the coast air, abounding in quaint humor, sea-flavor, and human nature. Of the same kind and quality is the present story. The "partners" are an old salt, Cap'n Titcomb, and a young lad who is bound to make his way. Honest fun and oddity of character make the tale lively reading.

Pilgrim Spirit and Other Essays (The). By George Milton Janes. Sun Printing Co., Pittsfield, Mass. 5X8 in. 95 pages. 75c. Poems. By Elizabeth May Foster. The Broadway Publishing Co., New York. 5x8 in. 175 pages. $1.

Poverty. By Robert Hunter. The Macmillan Co., New York. 42x7 in. 382 pages. Paper bound, 25c.

Practical Course of Instruction in Personal Magnetism, Telepathy, and Hypnotism. By George White. E. P. Dutton & Co., New York. 5X74 in. 284 pages.

Recording Angel (The). By Edwin Arnold Brenholtz. Charles H. Kerr & Co., Chicago. 5×8 in. 287 pages.

Robert Louis Stevenson's Works. (Biograph ical Edition. With Prefaces by Mrs. Stevenson.) Kidnapped. David Balfour. New Arabian Nights. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. 4x7 in. $1 per vol.

The first issues of a satisfactory, moderatepriced edition of Stevenson's works. There

was obviously a need for just such an edition, and the publishers are to be commended for giving it just this form. The volumes are small, and the paper, though perfectly opaque and of good quality, is thin enough to allow nearly four hundred pages to be put in a book which easily slips into the pocket. The type is large and clear-possibly a little too large for the page size and margins, but many will regard this as a fault on the right side. The binding is simple and in good taste. The distinctive literary feature of the edition is a series of brief introductions by Mrs. Stevenson, telling the circumstances under which each story was written. We shall speak later of the edition as a whole. Samuel and the Schools of the Prophets.

By James Sime, M.A., F.R.S.E. (The Temple Series of Bible Handbooks.) 4x5 in. 128 pages. This consists mainly of the Biblical narrative, which is treated uncritically except in the affair with the "witch" at Endor, properly represented here as an imposture, not a miracle.

Sandy. By Alice Hegan Rice. Illustrated. The Century Co., New York. 42x7 in. 312 pages.

$1.

Mrs. Rice has not attempted to repeat her success in former books, but has wisely written a simple, lifelike story full of quiet humor, pathos, and charm. Sandy was not a phenomenon, though his experiences were romantic. He did not profit from excellent advice, nor walk in straight paths, any more than a natural boy could be expected to; but he won his prize in the end, and had plenty of fun on the way.

Shakespeare, The Man and his Works. From Moulton's Library of Literary Criticism. Sibley & Co., Boston. 42x7 in. 366 pages. Specimen Letters. Selected and Edited by

Albert S. Cook and Allen R. Benham. Ginn & Co., Boston. 4×7% in. 156 pages. 60c. (Postage, 5c.) Statesman's Year-Book (The): Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1905. Edited by J. Scott Keltie, LL.D. With the Assistance of I. P. A. Renwick, M.A., LL.B. (Revised after Official Returns.) The Macmillan Co., New York. 4×7 in. 1,424 pages. $3.

This is the forty-second edition of one of the few reference-books which may accurately be described as indispensable. With every year the stout red volume increases in size and in the amount of well-digested and compactly arranged information.

Student's American History (The). By D. H. Montgomery. (The Leading Facts of History Series.) Revised Edition. Ginn & Co., Boston. 5x8 in. 666 pages. $1.40. (Postage, 20c.) Sunset Trail (The). By Alfred Henry Lewis. Illustrated. A. S. Barnes & Co., New York. 5x71⁄2 in. 393 pages. $1.50.

These stories have less fun and more gore than Mr. Lewis's well-known "Wolfville Days," although some of the tales are of the same character as in the author's earlier book. The hero of most of the stories is Mr. Bat Masterson, a real person-now, we believe, a Deputy Marshal in New York

City. Those who wish to learn how, according to Mr. Lewis, Mr. Masterson won the love of a refined Boston girl by killing and scalping seven Indians before her eyes, and to read of other accounts of the hero's deeds in preserving order at the pistol's point in Western frontier life, will find this book to their taste.

The Vision of Sir Launfal, con Biografía, Notas y Vocabulario. By Mary E. Beckwith and Manuel Fernández Juncos. The Grafton Press, New York. 4×7 in. 57 pages. This handsomely printed booklet is an edition in English of Lowell's poem, with notes and a biographical introduction in the Spanish language, the whole prepared for the use of Spanish-speaking students, primarily in Porto. Rico, but equally useful, of course, in Cuba and the Philippines. We join our contempo rary," La Republica Española," of San Juan Porto Rico, in believing that "this book will be very useful in enriching the vocabulary of those who are studying English in both reading and making translations, and by the assistance given in the annotations one of the richest poems ever produced in the New World may become the proud possession of the [Porto Rican] student." For the American reader it possesses an interest not at all to be measured by its slight and modest form. This interest lies in the tangible evidence the book bears of the admirable spirit

in which the educational influence of American expansion is being enacted.

Times of Christ (The). By Lewis A. Muir

head, B.D. (New Edition.) Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. 4×71⁄2 in. 179 pages. 60c., net. The author of this handy volume is favorably known by his scholarly and fruitful work on "The Eschatology of Jesus." To meet the needs of junior students he has here expanded and simplified a former edition of this manual, which some older students may value as an inexpensive and convenient substitute for Schürer's voluminous work on "The Jewish People in the Time of Christ."

Tucker Dan. By Charles Ross Jackson. Illustrated. The G. W. Dillingham Co., New York. 42x71⁄2 in. 199 pages. $1.25.

Use of Words (The): The Accidence of Grammar as it Explains the Parts of Speech. By Georgina Kinnear. E. P. Dutton & Co., New York. 4×61⁄2 in. 105 pages. 30c., net.

Vision of Elijah Berl (The). By Frank

Lewis Nason. Little, Brown & Co., Boston. 5x7 in. 290 pages. $1.50.

Rather a novel story of the efforts made by a strangely assorted group of men and women to reclaim and irrigate California land. The interest centers about Elijah Berl, a New Englander, whose blind belief in divine guidance, added to a liking, as his plain-spoken old friend said, for the flesh-pots of Egypt, brought him into serious business difficulties, such as frequently entangle worse men. Two women with keen business ability, one fine and one ignoble, help to make or threaten to mar the outcome. The engineering project, the inflated growth of a raw young town, and the experiences of the partners in the irriga

tion scheme, with their clever girl stenogra pher, give a vivid human air to the story. The author evidently knows conditions in California, and is wide awake in his study of human character.

Voyage de Monsieur Perrichon (Le): Comédie en Quatre Actes. By Eugène Labiche et Édouard Martin. Edited by John R. Effinger. Henry Holt & Co., New York. 4×6 in. 128 pages.

Wasps, Social and Solitary. By George W. Peckham and Elizabeth G. Peckham. Illustrated. Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston. 5x7%1⁄2 in. 311 pages. $1.50, net.

An outdoor book as entertaining as it is instructive. It is, as John Burroughs says in the charming introductory note, a wonderful record of patient, exact, and loving observation, which has all the interest of a romance. It opens up a world of Lilliput right at our feet, wherein the little people amuse and delight us with their curious human foibles and whimsicalities, and surprise us with their intelligence and individuality. Verily a queer little people with a lot of wild nature about them, and of human nature too."

Who Then is This: A Study of the Person

ality of Jesus. By Harris G. Hale. The Pilgrim Press, Boston. 5×8 in. 398 pages. This is, on the whole, a strong book. It is of type, though critical hints occur; as in reprethe impressionist rather than the critical senting Jesus' inward experiences in his baptism and transfiguration to have been as if the outward phenomena had appeared as recorded. The method of the work is inductive, and its style is clear and vigorous. The personality of Jesus is exhibited as in a normally human development, attaining through communion with God a transcendence be

yond all measure or comparison-a phrase inclusive of "all the great content which for a former generation filled the word divinity, which is also the soul of that phrase of a yet earlier day, the deity of Christ." The work avoids technical theology, but its Christological view is clearly of the Ritschlian type. Mr. Hale is a Congregational minister in Brookline, Massachusetts.

Young Folks' Cyclopædia of Natural History (The). By John Denison Champlain, A.M. With Editorial Co-operation and an Introduction by Frederic A. Lucas. Illustrated. Henry Holt & Co., New York. 5×8% in. 725 pages. $2.50. This volume is uniform in size and general plan with the author's other well-known cyclopædias dealing with "Literature and Årt,” "Persons and Places," and "Games and Sports." While these works are specially designed for young people, they are of gen eral value, and each within its own field makes an acceptable substitute for those readers who cannot conveniently procure expensive works of reference. The present volume is profusely illustrated, and the pictures have been drawn to afford information rather than to please the imagination. The articles are clearly written and the subjects are treated in good proportion as to relative importance.

Labor in Hawaii

To the Editors of The Outlook:

In the notes of The Week in the issue of your valuable paper for March 25 is an article entitled "The Labor Question in Hawaii." It quotes the correspondent of the New York "Evening Post," who mentions the growing numbers and noticeableness of the Japanese in the islands, the opposition to them, and the movement to introduce Chinese as laborers in place of them. Your article in comment draws two seemingly unwarrantable conclusions. The first is that the facts stated

The

by the correspondent indicate a "hostility to a race because of their superior skill and efficiency." The Japanese, to whom the reference is, are undoubtedly regarded as more or less of a menace. In 1894 the President of the Bureau of Immigration recommended some measures to hold them in check. Recently the "Pinkham" committee of investigation reported a "spirit bordering on dictation" on the part of the Japanese. The menace is not so much one of " skill and efficiency" as of dictation and aggressiveness. The Japanese sugar plantation laborers are organized in a union which is stronger than any generally known union of unskilled laborers in the United States. Mr. Caspar Whitney, who in 1898 made a somewhat hasty but intelligent investigation of the labor of the islands, says: "The Japanese, who at home earns from $1.30 to $3.90 a month, is a pugnacious, troublesome laborer, vain, slowwitted, impudent, and prone to riot." Japanese, further, is insular in his ideals. His patriotism does not yet include hopes for the well-being of the American Nation. The hostility to this race, then, would seem to have some foundation in reason. The second unwarrantable conclusion is that there is in Hawaii a "concerted effort to replace immigrants of high intelligence by others of a lower grade of ability and character." There has been an effort to replace Japanese immigrants by Chinese. That the Chinese are inferior in ability or character to the Japanese is an assertion that does not seem to be borne out by intelligent opinion of either residents or visitors in the islands. Mr. Whitney says of the Chinese: "They are quiet, industrious, peaceful; occupy a considerable section of Honolulu with their mercantile houses, fill the majority of the trades, and supply the local market with most of its fish and vegetables." He also says: "The Chinese are taxed on real estate to the amount of $1,146,301, the Japanese to the amount of $56,000 on personal property, corporations, mercantile houses, etc., the Chinese are taxed on $2,205,339, the Japanese $177,307." On

account of the increase of the Japanese and the decrease of the Chinese population, the tax payments are now more nearly equal, yet the value of the Chinese people is recognized. Most business men prefer them to the Japanese, not only because of their impenetrable integrity, but also because of their efficiency. The president of a leading Hawaiian bank says that the Chinese have more "savvy' than any other race in the islands, and that a Chinese boy will entirely and immediately fit into an office of which a white boy would need some months to learn the duties. I hope that these considerations will show that the hostility in the Hawaiian territory to a race which has limitations along with its good points is not blind prejudice. Honolulu, Hawaii.

G. C. H.

Concerning Church-Going [The following letters will be interesting and ought to be profitable reading to ministers. If Dr. Richards somewhat idealized church-going, these writers appear to us to satirize it.-THE EDITORS.]

To the Editors of The Outlook:

Having read with great interest the editorial called "An Open Letter" on the churchgoing habit in your issue of April 8, I write in behalf of those who have reluctantly given up church-going because repeated experience has proven to them that the very opposite of the beautiful quotation from Dr. Richards seems to them to obtain in the average church.

If that were a true picture of what the modern church actually does, the present church buildings could not hold their congregations, and overflow tents would have to be hastily constructed.

People are anxious to be spiritually helped and want to go to church. Sabatier never said a truer thing than that the world is "incurably religious." They are reluctant to admit, even after repeated disappointments, that conclusion to which their experience forces them, viz.: the conscientious habit of going to the average church does not prove always one of the surest promoters of human happiness and courage; it does not broaden the mind nor cheer the soul; it does not lift men's thoughts to the skies above them and the hills beyond them; it does not break the dull routine of work; it does not release the captives of toil; it does not make life interesting again; it does not awaken new powers of insight and sympathy; it does not change the world's prose to poetry. If it did, nothing could prevent people from swarming to church. But because the pulpit jubilantly, persistently, blindly persists in

declaring a state of things which is practically non-existent in the average church, it drives its people farther and farther afield. Elizabeth, New Jersey. N. P. G..

To the Editors of The Outlook:

I am not speaking for the stay-at-homes who talk of closet-worship and communing with Nature, and then spend their Sundays lolling over the paper, sporting in the parks, or attending Sunday theaters or concerts. I am speaking for the physically weary, mentally confused, spiritually hungry, who go again and again to church, but come home unsatisfied and unhappy. Of course it may frequently be their fault; but is there any use in blinking the fact that the Church is no longer able to meet the storm and stress of our complex lives; that, because it has too long rested on worn and unequal oars, it has been forced into a backwater from which it shouts reproaches at the attractions, authorities, methods, which have outdistanced it?

All are not hypercritical. Even though music, sermon, and prayer may be disappointing, many would not give it a second thought, provided the spiritual atmosphere really had the inspiration in it of which you write. But has it? I do not believe, if you could get an honest roll-call, that you would find that it had been perceptible to one .wenty-fifth of the average congregation. I am speaking always of the average church, not of the few which are crowded with people hungry for spiritual manna-so hungry that I have seen them on bitter days here in New York standing in throngs long before the church doors are opened. In the average church the average worshiper, with more than the average aspiration, seldom sees that which touches him in" the sincere devotion of his fellow-men, in their aspirations for a higher and better life, in their repentance for the past and their outreachings for the future." He knows that if he admits this, however, the retort will come from the pulpit, "The lack is in you."

Look over the average congregation. The few men who are there, and who are not nodding with sleepiness, are plainly preaching to themselves a different sermon, evolving business problems or studiously setting an example. Their faces are curiously free from the evidences of repentance or spiritual aspiration. Look at the women! If not busy in keeping in a state of unnatural quietness the uncomprehending little mites in their charge, their faces wear that conventional blank which shows that their minds are far away, or that they are there simply because it used to be considered a crime not to go to church, and it is better to be on the safe side. Look at the little wriggling children, wondering why their religious education requires so much more intolerable physical submission than any other branch of their education. Look at the dear old people who have grown past the days of entertainment, whose days are few and whose habits are strong. The most of them nod sweetly, and come home with a sense of

another duty performed. But where on the faces of the congregation is the evidence that "church-going broadens the mind; cheers the soul; lifts men's thoughts to the skies above them and the hills beyond them; breaks the dull routine of work; releases the captives of toil; makes life interesting again; awakens new powers of insight and sympathy; changes the world's prose into poetry"? The perfunctory think this must be so because the pulpit assures them so poetically that it is so; but the most of the pews are silently protesting, "It doesn't, it doesn't, it doesn't!" If it did, do you suppose you could induce the persons of average intelligence to stay away? No, they would throng the church as they now throng places of amusement because they know it is not

SO.

This feeling is not a conviction that is personal, antagonistic to the minister (for whom they generally have respect, sympathy, and affection in spite of his miscomprehension of their attitude)—it is a conviction based on the futility of placing a general saddle on the individual back. C. B. J.

Scientific Research for Women

A meeting of the Association for Maintaining the American Women's Table at the Zoological Station at Naples and for Promoting Scientific Research by Women was held in Cambridge during the last week in April, by invitation of the Dean of Radcliffe College and of the Woman's Education Association of Boston. Seven essays were presented in competition for the prize of one thousand dollars offered for the best essay presented by a woman as a result of laboratory research in the experimental sciences. The prize was awarded to Miss N. M. Stevens, Stanford, '99, Ph.D. Bryn Mawr, '03, Scholar at Naples, '01, for her work on the Germ Cells of Aphis rosea and Aphis anothera. Miss Stevens's investigation is one which has an important bearing on the question of heredity and its mechanism, and deals with a problem held to be most vital to the understanding of the beginnings of life and of determination of sex in the first stages of cell development. Miss Stevens has held a Carnegie assistantship, and has been an associate in experimental morphology at Bryn Mawr College the past year. In offering this prize the Association has in mind two main objects: first, to find out the facts in regard to the number of women engaging in scientific laboratory research, and the lines of research chosen by them; and, second, to encourage and reward the prosecution of scientific research by women. To attain these objects it is essential that the prize should be widely advertised and its existence known even more generally than now by women engaged in scientific research in different parts of the world. The prize is offered for the third time for the year 1906–07, the theses offered to be in the hands of the Committee before December 31, 1906.