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The present state of affairs in Dorset, proves that, whatever the casualties or the deterioration that threaten the emigrant, they cannot be greater than what he leaves at home, in that county at least. It is not much better in some others. We are not inquiring into causes, nor do we think it worth while to anticipate the remarks which the mention of such miseries will be sure to elicit in some quarters. We are taking the fact as we find it, and we simply observe that, in all respects, it would be better to send the paupers and vagrants of Dorsetshire to Australia, than to the workhouse and the gaol."

Patriotism hesitates to admit decay; but what is above said of Dorset, applies to every county of England, although not yet developed in the poor law and criminal returns. When private, parochial, union, and county contributions fail to meet the demands of poverty, the public Revenue and the public lands must meet the case; and unless that is done in time, private property will unduly suffer, and the social compact will be destroyed.

Is it just after a labourer has faithfully served an estate of thirtythree years, for thirty, for twenty-five, for twenty or even ten years, that at last his wages should be reduced to six shillings per week, or told to go to the Union? If so, government is not constituted with the twofold view, to be a terror to evil doers, and for the encouragement of those who do well. There is no encouragement in being sent to the Union and to receive its rations.

God's blessing rests not on such conduct. If landlords were to appropriate five per cent. of their land for those who do well and who do not receive poor law relief, they would find the rain and the dew descend in additional fatness on their land: there would be no loss, it would all be gain. If something of this kind is not done privately by landowners, the pressure from without will occasion it; and ministers of finance will be obliged to come forward with proposals to take ten per cent. of all properties for the public service.

If Emigration is not undertaken nationally, this will be the last resource, ten per cent. on the capital of the Funded Debt, and on Landed and Household Property. It will be effectual for the time, but it will only whet the appetite. Adopt extensive Emigration, and avoid it. Not expatriating your poor without land, thereby making them still dependent for employment on others for their bread, but provide them with a piece of land which shall be inalienable for a certain number of years. Finally. Our present system has resulted in injustice, general poverty, poor rates, crime. The nation can do justice, and render relief, by substituting good feeling, emigration, and grants of colonial land. That will result in progressive civilization, perpetual employment, wealth extensively diffused, superior influence, an unbroken empire, increased power, on earth peace, good-will amongst men.

Through the acquisition of Gold, a nation has been born in a day : the gift of land on a liberal scale, will turn our colonies into nations. Grant 50 acres in Natal to every Briton, 25 to every German and Chinese, and we may create and find as much wealth as in California, and a more numerous people living on their own productions.

EMIGRATION TO NATAL,

CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.

THE undersigned, some years ago, promoted Emigration to Algoa Bay, in the Cape Colony. He did so even without seeing the colony, but acted on good information. He has since visited the Cape and resided three years in the eastern province; and, with one solitary exception, he has every reason to believe that all the Emigrants are doing well.

But he has also visited the adjacent colony of Natal, and he must confess that however certain a steady man may be of doing well in the Cape Colony, and still better in the Algoa Bay colony, yet Natal is superior to both. The climate is quite as healthy, the land is better, produces a greater variety of articles and in greater quantities. It is not so subject to draught,—Rains are frequent, and streams and springs abundant.

In the Cape Colony and Algoa Bay the undersigned has no land; in Natal he possesses a considerable tract, and has left his family there. He is a Devonshire man, and he would do the Devonians good. He thinks Colonization, as much as possible, should be, the removal of small entire communities from the old, over-populated country, to be replanted together in our colonies, being thus still knit together by the old ties of neighbourhood. Such a move he now proposes extensively. Without speaking ill of any colony, for all are good, except Demarara and Sierre Leone, the undersigned believes that not one of the colonies of England offers greater advantages than Natal.

England wants employment for her capital; but still more for her industrious poor. England also wants Free-labor-Cotton. In Natal, 1000 cottagers may upon the following plan grow 1000 bales of cotton the first year, worth £8000; the next year double; and if emigration be properly worked, and the interests of the emigrants cared for, Natal, in ten years, may export 500,000 bales. Thus may many thousand families attain a competency, if not riches. With these views the undersigned offers to grant absolutely to Married couples, of the avocations hereafter named, 50 acres of good open land without any charge whatever except the surveying expenses. Native-built round huts, twelve feet in diameter, are building on the property expressly for the emigrants, in order that each family may at once be sheltered separately, and the father and lads at once turn up the land. For this hut the emigrant will be charged 10s. being the expence of erection actually incurred. It will afterwards answer for a kitchen or outhouse.

Townships will be reserved.-No roads are private roads; the more public the letter. No man must irrigate his land, disregarding his neighbour, whose lands may be lower. He must consult before he diverts.

Looking at what the colony now is, its capabilities and its wants, the undersigned thinks the following will be about the number of each calling desirable to emigrate on this occasion.

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Every man should be able to turn his hand to the plough :-Elisha was found there. The parson's glebe should be a model to all the people around him. As regards tradesmen, the more things a man is able to turn his hand to, the better. A strict adherence to this list is not expected, but the nearer it can be accomplished the better for all. As a general rule, if he does not take to his own land at once, every man should take the first engagement that offers, keep his eye open to better himself; and the cottager devote himself at once to his land.

Emigration to Natal should consist not of the rich, but emphatically of the poor,-almost of the poorest. £5 in a man's pocket is quite enough, and if he has not got it, he is none the worse. With industry such a man will soon obtain a competency.

The rich man can only make money by laboring himself, by employing the labor of others, or by lending money. If he will really labor, superintending and giving an example to his people, he will do well; but gentlemen of England who have lived at home at ease, are unsuited for emigration. They cannot rough the world; their education has been faulty for the emigrant's life. It should have been more practical. All emigrants are struck with the practical common sense of colonists and with the freedom aud independence of their minds. As regards Capitalists only have I any doubt. The experience I have had at the Cape is this, that those who have had money have lost it; and those who had none at starting, have gathered it. They should be prudent and industrious, and lay it out well, and live as though they possessed not, and never intrude on their capital for high living. On first mortgages

they can always make six per cent, and employ any personal talent or leisure at the same time. Six to eight per cent is better than more. Countrymen are far better hands than people from London or any other city, and smock frocks preferable to fine frilled shirts. Let such people employ their first six months in the colony by investigating how business is carried on,-how farming is conducted,-in discovering the quality and value of land, and in becoming acquainted with the country generally. For six months, his money had better be idle rather than lose it altogether.

Every emigrant must carry with him the tools necessary to pursue his trade. Scotch or Ransome ploughs, harrows &c., are the farmer's necessary tools. Seed corn, and vegetable seeds of all kinds should be taken by each emigrants; all will grow.

With

This is not a system of colonization exclusive of all sects but one. The Canterbury system will answer in New Zealand, but not at the Cape. Let us not judge one another,-We being many are one body in Christ, and every one members one of another. In the disposition of Jesus every knee shall bow, heavenly, earthly, and infernal. Nothing avails but a new creature. Christ there is neither Greek nor Jew, circumcision nor uncircumcision, Barbarian, Scythian, bond nor free, but Christ is all and in all;—Christ died for all, therefore, for those who differ from us. Receive ye one another, as Christ also received us. For these reasons and a thousand more this cannot be made a sectarian plan. The undersigned is a professed member of the Church of England, but without any prejudice; and, without any cant about the matter, he wishes true religion to thrive in this Natal community. Those that be planted in the house of the Lord, shall flourish in the courts of our God.'-'Pray for the peace of Jerusalem; they shall prosper that love thee.' He thinks that he is thus far bound to avow himself. Christian dispositions however, are more important than Christian denominations.-Whatsoever things are pure, whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are of good report, think on these things. If it be possible, as much as lieth in you, live peaceably with all men. Think not every man on his own things, but let every man think likewise on the things of others. Herein is love! not that we loved God! but that He loved us! and sent his Son to be the propitiation of our sins.-Beloved! if God so loved us, we ought also to love one another!—But I must forbear.

If all sects would insist on these things, make peculiar dogmas less prominent, and announce that Christ Jesus died not for their own sins only, but for the sins of the whole world,—the day would be hastened when they and all should love another with a pure heart fervently; ministers are very responsible, and all religionists should seek agreements, rather than mark differences. With these views, and treating persons of all denominations as brother men, the undersigned would wish to take one Church of England minister for every two hundred families of that persuasion, and would give him a free passage and £25 per annum for five years. Should there be two-hundred families of Wesleyans, Baptists &c., it will be his duty to support a minister for them to the same extent. Ground for building churches, chapels, schools, parsonages, and for burial grounds, will also be granted, and the undersigned will willingly subscribe £20 per annum to a Collegiate school, strictly secular

for the benefit of all.*

* Connected with this Institution, (which with God's harmonizing of events will rise into a University,) there will be attached a public library, to which the undersigned will at once contribute two hundred volumes, subscribe £5 a-year for life, and settle a fund for its care and perpetual enlargement by transferring the fee of three thousand acres of land in Natal, to trustees, consisting of the Governor, and the Recorder of the colony, the Chancellor of the University, &c.-He will also give land to the College.

Every male emigrant to America is enlisted as a militia man. This renders them liable to be sent to a distance from their homes. By entering a volunteer yeomanry corps at Natal, people will be kept to their own neighbourhood, and thus become mutual helps, if danger ever arises. At Natal the undersigned has no fear and has left his family there: but as precaution is better than cure, he wishes all the emigrants to do as himself, and to enter the yeomanry corps of Natal. A badge upon the jacket, and a uniform hat, will be a trifling expence, and the government will provide the arms. Left to govern itself, Natal can protect itself. Exercising once a month, is all that would be required.

The sale of arms and of gunpowder to all natives is totally forbidden. Canteens or public houses for the sale of wine and spirits, will be disallowed on any part of the property for two years. Road side temperance houses are allowed. Temperance puts wood on the fire, meal in the barrel, flour in the tub, money in the purse, contentment in the house, clothes on the bairns, vigor in the body, intelligence in the brain, and spirit in the whole constitution.

All tenants must contribute to road rates for their own advantage either by money or labor, and all will be expected to contribute to the building of some place of worship in the same way, and also to a public school. Every minister should also receive an ample free-will offering from his people.

With the kind of people the undersigned hopes to get around him, he trusts that improper severity to the natives, (who are generally very docile and inoffensive,) will never be exercised. They are easily managed, and each of the penniless German emigrants lately introduced into the colony now employ from five to ten of them in ploughing &c.*

The undersigned in publishing this pamphlet respecting the colony, containing the accounts of other people from an early date down to the present year, says but little himself, as the accounts of others may be considered more satisfactory. The undersigned will, however, say that having resided in Spain and Holland, and run through France, having seen part of India, and visited China and Madeira, and having lived three years in the Cape colony,he believes, for an agricultural population, and for the cultivation of cotton and indigo, that no part of the world exceeds Natal. Mineral wealth will probably be discovered in due time. Coal and black lead have been found on the surface extensively. Copper is also supposed to be near. Living is moderate. The temperature is not often too hot; usually cool in the morning and evening. The country, generally, is not too hilly: at the tops of the hills there is little stony or arid ground. Roads may very generally be made. Rivers are numerous, and, with an increase of population, will soon be bridged; unless heavy rains fall, ox-waggons go from D'Urban to Petermaritzburg in two days. On horse-back it is commonly ridden in one day on the same horse. The country occupies about 35,000,000 acres. It now contains about 8000 white inhabitants, and 100,000 coloured, who have lately immigrated into it. It will support however, millions of British-born people, in short, as dense a population as Great Britain herself D'Urban town, or port Natal, contains about 800 inhabitants; Petermaritzburg, being the capital, (including the military) about 1500 whites; Weenen, about 800.

* Let Englishmen remember that their ancestors at one time were uncivilized Britons. Let them regard these races, not with a false philanthropy, to the injury of our own people, and of these people themselves, but still as beings capable of improvement. Now they display the pure animal, added to the wiliness of the semi-civilized barbarian. Be it for us justly and firmly first to require civilized habits, decency and honesty, and gradually to elevate them from gross sensual objects to the cultivation of their mental faculties, and the implantation of pure moral Christian principles.

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