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Bucyrus.-W. A. Morrison:

Industrial conditions good, although employient is not steady at this time. We elected a union aayor, two ward councilmen, and a city auditor his fall. There is good demand for the union abels.

East Liverpool.-Wm. Cope and H. O. Allison: The organized labor movement is steadily gainng supporters. Conditions for union men good. Owing to the money panic employment is unsteady, as a number of manufacturers have closed lown. Meetings are held with state senators and representatives in order to discuss legislation and state laws pertaining to labor. Central labor union is giving much time to educational work and holds open meetings for the purpose of advertising the union labels. Porcelain workers of Sebring are organizing. State federation executive board will attend sessions at capitol during the legislative session.

East Palestine.-Geo. H. Allcorn:

Industrial conditions are fair and most trades are steadily employed. Carpenters have made demand for 25 cents increase, to take effect May 1, 1908. We have a permanent committee working for the union labels.

Fremont.-H. A. Smith:

Street car men have organized and increased wages. Polishers also obtained advance in wages. Electrical workers are about to form union. All trades are steadily employed. Union labor is better treated and receives higher wages and better hours than the unorganized.

Fostoria.-Chas. E. Scharf:

Most trades have been steadily employed during the past year. Organized labor in good shape. A great deal of work is done for the union labels.

Hamillon.-John T. Mayer:

Organized trades in good shape, but employment is unsteady because of condition of the money market. The mayor elect and three councilmen are favorable to union labor. Carpenters have organized. We have committee working for the union labels.

Lorain.-C. A. Miller:

Organized conditions are steadily improving. Union card men work eight and nine hours. Employment has been fairly steady up to this month. Shipbuilders have improved their conditions since they organized. Tailors and teamsters are forming

unions.

Middletown.-Henry W. Naegele:

Organized trades in good shape. The unionists have elected city auditor and two members on board of public service; also a councilman from their own ranks. Union label committee is doing effective work.

Mt Vernon.-S. R. Barton and C. A. Wells:

Organized labor in fair shape. Glass workers have walked out because of a reduction in wages. As result the glass works have shut down. We elected four men to city offices. Have two new unions under way.

Norwalk -Wm. B. Zureich:

Considering the present industrial conditions, organized labor is in good shape. During the past year wages increased 10 per cent without

strike. Sheet metal workers have formed union. A federal labor union is being formed. Painesville.-J. H. Sutton:

Industrial conditions fair. Employment con tinues steady considering the season. Wages have increased 25 cents a day without strike. Washerwomen are organizing.

Salem.-Harvey Ingledue:

Organized conditions are fairly good considering the season and the times. Have one new union under way.

Springfield.-C. W. Rich:

Printers and cigarmakers are actively pushing the union labels. Organized labor is given credit for the election of three union labor men on board of public affairs.

Toledo.-Thomas Rumsey:

There is renewed activity among the unions in regards to the Ohio federation of labor. A large number of unions have affiliated since the last state federation convention. Interior freight handlers and clerks secured seven and one-half per cent increase in wages without strike. This industry organized recently with a membership of 400. OKLAHOMA.

Ardmore.-D. N Ferguson:

We have one of the best organized towns west of the Mississippi River. Wages are quite up to the union standard. The unorganized workers are in a demoralized condition Musicians, telephone operators, aud plumbers have organized. Printing pressinen are about to organize.

Bartlesville.-Geo. McConnell:

Organized labor in good shape and steadily employed. About ninety-five per cent of the workers are organized. Have three new unions under way. Wages and hours about the same as last report.

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the union labels. Bootblacks have organized. Employment very fair considering the season.

Berwick.-H. W. Cope:

Organized labor in first-class shape, confident of success in the effort for the betterment of the workers. Unorganized workers in poor shape, with long hours and low wages. Building trades are on strike and can hardly hope for settlement before spring. However, they feel confident of victory and are all employed Have one new union under way. Good work is done for the union labels.

Charleroi.-John Stephenson:

Organized trades in fair shape and fairly well employed. Union men have eight hour day while the unorganized workers have to work 12 hours a day. The employers' liability act will be of much benefit in this section.

Connellsville.-Paul T McDonald:

Unorganized labor received about 40 per cent less wages than the union men. Wages have been increased and conditions bettered through organization. Some of the far-reaching injunctions handed down by judges have been the cause of temporary setback of some of the trade unions, but they soon recover and go forward with renewed spirit.

Galeton.-C. J. Latterman:

Improved conditions as regards wages and hours have been secured by unionists without strike. Employment is steady considering the season. Carpenters are about to organize.

Harrisburg.-Jas. F. Carr:

About two-thirds of the workers here are organized. Union men since their organization have secured shorter hours and higher wages. Brewery workers are on strike and hope to win. We do all we can to push the union labels to the front. Employment rather slack.

Honesdale.-Theodore Hebert:

Industrial conditions fair. All union men at work, but a number of unorganized workers have been laid off. No changes in wages since last report. Good work is done by union men in order to advertise the union labels.

Jermyn.-S. B. Hills:

Nearly all trades are organized. The unorganized workers consist mostly of the glass cutters, who are doing piece work. Carpenters established eight hour day and minimum wages without strike. Clerks are organizing and building up their membership. Silk workers who were on strike have gone to work pending arbitration of their differences.

Lebanon.-John M. Keller:

Organized labor in good shape, but work is scarce. No recent improvements in wages and conditions to report. Plumbers are organizing.

New Brighton.-Harry S. Smith:

All workers in this district have been busy during the past year. Wages are fair. All union men are advocating and demanding union label goods.

Pottsville.-Jere Brennan:

Condition of organized labor steadily improving. All industries steadily employed up to the winter season. Mine workers are all joining the union.

RHODE ISLAND.

Providence.-Lawrence A. Grace:

Condition of organized labor is fairly satisfactory. In some trades the unorganized workers share the improved conditions secured through the unions. Employment is becoming slack. Most of the unorganized trades work long hours for low wages. Packing house teamsters and carriage workers have organized. Coal handlers are about to form union.

SOUTH CAROLINA. Charleston.-John L. Kiley:

All trades have been steadily employed during the year. No changes to report since last month. We do all we can to promote the interests of the union labels.

SOUTH DAKOTA.

Brookings.-D A. Condlin:

Progress has been made by unions in securing higher wages and shorter hours. Employment is slack during the winter.

TEXAS.

Beaumont.-Oscar Ackerman:

Most organized trades are steadily employed. Carpenters are a little slack on account of shortage of lumber. Carpenters secured increased wages. Motormen and conductors also advanced wages, without strike. The union men are trying to help the unorganized workers to organize. Musicians and school teachers have formed unions. Mattress workers, retail clerks, engineers, and federal union are about to organize.

Corpus Christi.-B. P. Moore:

All union men are steadily employed and receive good wages, far superior to those received by nonunionists. Carpenters of Laredo will organize shortly. We have a label league working for the union labels. Wages for skilled labor range from $2.50 to $4 a day for eight hours.

Galveston.-W. F. Curtis:

The money situation has not been affected in this section; business remains good. Steady improvement is noticed in labor conditions in this city. Few workers remain outside of the unions. The union labels are well patronized. Leather and flour-mill workers are organizing. The union men are awake to their interests politically and legally and will do all in their power to safeguard these rights.

Marshall.-A. Freeman:

The majority of employers demand union men when filling positions. This is particularly true in railroad shops. Employment is steady. Boilermakers secured increase of two and one-half cents an hour without strike. There is a demand for all kinds of skilled labor. Carpenters formed union recently. Bakers, wood workers and pipe fitters are about to form unions.

Thurber.-C. L. Lightfoot and M. D. Lasater: Nearly every man in this mining camp belongs to some union. Work is steady; we have not felt the financial stringency. Carpenters secured 10 per cent increase in wages and double time instead of time and a half for overtime. Clerks have gained shorter workday and increased wages. Several unions have signed agreements; others are pending. Organized labor has much advantage over the unorganized.

Waco.-John R. Spencer:

Union men receive higher pay for a shorter worklay than the non-unionists. The central labor Council is pushing initiative, referendum. and reall, which is being favorably considered by the ity council. Conditions good in this section, alhough employment is uncertain in some lines.

Wichita Falls.-C. B. McConell:

Railway men, carpenters, painters, and broommakers have organized and are enjoying fair conditions. Painters organized during the month. Electrical wire workers are about to form union. We are urging the demand for union labels on all clothing.

VERMONT.

Hardwick.-Geo. Hoyt:

Central labor union has been formed and is bringing good results. Organized trades in fairly

good condition. Granite cutters were on strike six weeks last spring and secured advance from $3 to $3.20 a day minimum wage scale. The weekly payment law was recently passed. A committee from the central labor union has canvassed the town in regard to the union labels. Teamsters recently organized. Barbers and retail clerks are about to organize.

WISCONSIN.

Kenosha.-Wm. N. South:

Employment has not been steady during the past month. Brass workers were locked out by firm who declared for the open shop. The men expect a favorable outcome of the trouble.

Manitowoc.-G. H. Thompson:

Condition of organized labor fair. Employment has been steady during the past year. There has been no reduction in working forces yet. Ma. chinists of Two Rivers have organized.

Calgary, Alberta.- A. Henderson:

DOMINION NOTES.

Organized labor is very strong in this section, and has the preference from employers over all others. Although the trade agreements expire at the end of each year, we have no signs of any disagreement or dispute. Organized labor receives from five to twenty per cent more per hour than the unorganized, and works about two hours less per day. Retail clerks, bakers and freight handlers have organized. Machinists' helpers are about to organize. Union label league is active in the work for the union label.

Halifax.-Ira G. Mason:

Wage workers are coming into the union slowly but surely. Conditions are improving right along under the influence of trade unionism. Members are attending meetings and taking more interest in matters pertaining to their welfare. Meat cutters and butcher workmen have organized. Have several other unions under way.

Moosejaw.-Ed. Stephenson: Three western provinces depend absolutely on grain and crops, while the rest of the country is also affected by them. The problem of short crops, high cereal prices, and transportation congestion have caused a perplexing and unprecedented situation which somewhat resembles the present American commercial situation. The federal gov

ernment proposes to aid the banks in recovering a normal condition. Only a small part of the proceeds of 1907 crops has gone into circulation. Solvent farmers are tempted to hold their grain for spring prices, while very many others can not move their products to terminals for sale. Organized workers will maintain their scales. Unorganized and unskilled labor is meeting with reductions, discharge, or partial working time. There is no favorable prospect for satisfactory employment for the latter class of workers and a severe winter would cause much hardship. On the whole a continuance of the present Canadian labor stress will arouse emphatic protest against spring immigration from Europe or Asia. Unusual attention is being given to December municipal elections throughout the Dominion. A proposition is afoot to start a Dominion daily labor paper at Winnepeg. The western labor press is doing well in the way of educating the members.

HAWAII ISLAND.

Honolulu.-F. J. McLaughlin:

Trade conditions fair here. Boilermakers have secured their demands for eight hour day on all new work and the nine hour day on old contracts and for an extra hour pay. The work on fortifications here is being done by citizens and not by the Japanese. Longshoremen are reorganizing.

CONVENTIONS OF INTERNATIONAL UNIONS,

1908.

January 6, Ballard, Wash., International Shingle Weavers' Union of America.

January 13, Cleveland, Ohio, International Slate and Tile Roofers' Union of America.

January 31, Indianapolis. Ind., United Mine Workers of America.

April 6, Toronto, Canada, International Association of Fur Workers of the United States and Canada. May 3, Brockton, Mass, International Union of Cutting Die and Cutter Makers.

May 5, Youngstown, Ohio, Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers.

May 11, New York City, Actors' National Protective Union of America

May 11, St. Louis, Mo., American Federation of Musicians. May 11.

makers of America.

United Brotherhood of Paper

May, Detroit, Mich., International Tin Plate Workers' Protective Association of America. May, York, Pa., National Print Cutters' Association of America.

June 1, St Paul, Minn., Brotherhood of Boilermakers and Iron Shipbuilders of America.

June 1, Detroit, Mich., International Association of Steam and Hot Water Fitters and Helpers of America.

June Washington, D. C., International Union of Journeymen Horseshoers.

June, Mobile, Ala., International Printing Pressmen's Union.

June 1, Columbus, Ohio, Chainmakers' National Union of the United States of America.

June 1, St. Louis, Mo, International Association of Marble Workers.

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July Atlantic City, N. J., National Brotherhood of Operative Potters.

July 6, Erie, Pa, International Longshoremen's Association.

July 6, Buffalo, N. Y., International Jewelry Workers' Union.

July 6, Cincinnati, Ohio, Brushmakers' International Union

July 7, Baltimore, Md., Glass Bottle Blowers' Association of the United States and Canada.

July 7, Buffalo, N. Y., Amalgamated Window Glass Workers of America.

July 13, Toronto, Canada, International Piano and Organ Workers' Union of America.

July 13, Indianapolis, Ind., Lithographers' International Protective Association.

July 13, Minneapolis, Minn., Theatrical Stage Employes' International Alliance.

July 18, Holyoke, Mass., American Wire Weavers' Protective Association.

July 20, New York City, International Steel and Copper Plate Printers' Union.

August 3, Buffalo, N. Y., National Association of Heat, Frost, General Insulators and Asbestos Workers.

August 4, Detroit, Mich., International Glove Workers' Union of America.

August 6, Detroit, Mich., International Brotherhood of Teamsters.

August 10, Detroit, Mich., International Brotherhood of Stationary Firemen.

August 10, Boston, Mass., International Typographical Union.

August 10, Boston, Mass., International Stereotypers' and Electrotypers' Union.

August 11, Indianapolis, Ind., Shirt, Waist, and Laundry Workers' International Union.

August 24, Milwaukee, Wis., United Garment Workers of America. September 1,

National Union.

Table Knife Grinders'

September 2, Milwaukee, Wis., American Brotherhood of Cement Workers.

September 7, Denver, Colo., International Association of Machinists.

September 8, New York City, International Photo Engravers' Union of North America.

September 10, Boston, Mass., Spinners' International Union.

September 14, Montreal, Canada, Journeymen Stonecutters' Association of North America.

September 14, Philadelphia, Pa., International Union of Steam Engineers.

September 14 Philadelphia, Pa., International Brick, Tile, and Terra Cotta Workers' Alliance. September 15, Salt Lake City, Utah, United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America. September 17, New York City, Pocket Knife Blade Grinders and Finishers' National Union.

September 21, Indianapolis, Ind., United Association of Plumbers, Gasfitters, Steamfitters, and Steamfitters' Helpers of United States and Canada.

September 21, Indianapolis, Ind., International Association of Bridge and Structural Iron Work

ers

October 5, Washington, D. C., Bakery and Confectionery Workers' International Union.

October 5, St. Louis, Mo., International Union of Wood, Wire, and Metal Lathers.

October 20, Cohoes, N. Y., United Textile Workers of America.

November 9, Denver, Colo., American Federation of Labor.

November 10, Bangor, Pa., International Union of Slate Workers.

November 12, Vinalhaven. Me., Lobster Fishermen's International Protective Association.

December 7, New Orleans, La., International Brotherhood of Maintenance-of-Way Employes. December 7, Brooklyn, N. Y., National Alliance of Bill Posters and Billers of America.

GERMAN LABOR News.

By HANS FEhlinger.

MUNICH, GERMANY, December 2, 1907.

N ALL parts of the German empire the general state of employment in 1905 and 1906, showed considerable improvement; the proportion of unemployed members of all trade unions reporting 1.8 per cent at the close of 1905. The changes reported in the hours of labor are satisfactory, and a number of trade unions gained increases of wages for their members. In consequence of the exceptional industrial activity the progress of the labor movement encountered not so many difficulties as in some of the past

years.

From a perusal of the reports of trade unions it can be learned that the gain in membership during 1905 has been about half a million, although a number of societies have not yet published definite figures.

It was no easy task to convert the masses of German wage-earners to trade organization as the most efficient means for the elevation of the standard of living; up to the recent time the prevailing opinion was that the economic development inevitably tended to the constant impoverishment of the working class. Since the modern trade unions came into existence it has been proved that just the reverse is taking place. The economic benefits of trade organization become apparent, the education resulting from association is realized, and a truer conception of the higher duties of citizenship is engendered by the consideration of matters affecting the wellfare of each and all.

In the city of Dusseldorf an attempt was recently made to render the unions liable in a civil action for damages caused by a strike. The officials of the wood workers' union were sued for $1,250 damages, the claim being based on section 826 of the civil code, which provides for damages being recoverable if loss is caused by a wrongful action; the wrongful action in this case being picketing of the works.

The court dismissed the claim with costs, basing

its decision upon the repeated decisions of the Imperial High Court, which has always held that picketing is legal, being a right derived from the legally guaranteed right of combination. This is a check against the attempts to smash trade unions, and it is a wholesome check as well. It must, however, be mentioned in tris connection that picketing is continually prevented by police orders. But the unfair position of the employers could not arrest the development of trade unions. That is best proved by the progress of German Metal Workers' Union. According to a statement justpublished the membership rose from 198,964. at the end of 1904, to 259,692 in December, 1905. That means an increase of 60,728, or 30.5 per cent. The financial report of this union discloses interesting facts, also. The following table shows the sums spent by the central office for benefits:

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In spite of the demands made on the funds, the financial position of the union at the end of the year was still such as to give little joy either to the enemies among the employers or to other hostile forces. The property of the German Metal Workers' Union amounted (without the funds of local branches) to 2,177,000 marks or 634,000 marks more than at the end of 1904.

of five cents an hour beginning June first. Their scale is now 45 cents an hour, eight hour day. Stone cutters five cents an hour increase took effect also on June first.

A SONG OF THE FACTORY.

BY JAMES F. MONTAGUE.

The trees were white with blossoms, the meadows were broad and fair,
And the care-free birds made music for the children that idled there.
But a man had need of the meadows; his walls and chimneys sprang
From among the swaying branches where the thrush and robin sang.
And the man had need of the children; he gathered them in like sheep
And set them to work to earn his bread, for children are many-and cheap.
They crouch all day by the spindles, wizened and wan and old;
They have given their youth to a master who has minted it into gold.

No longer they idly listen to a warbler's futile song,

No longer their idle laughter rings out the whole day long,

No longer they roam the meadows like idle gipsy bands,

For the world is growing richer by the work of their puny hands;

And the man who found them idling among the feathery blooms,

And brought them to watch their lives away beside his clattering looms-
He talks of the goodly riches that his enterprise has won

With the toil of the sad-faced children, and boasts of the thing he's done!

-By courtesy of Cosmopolitan Magazine. Copyrighted, 1907, by International Magazine Co.

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