The Literary Digest

win.

This is the

whom there should be regard because of actual | considerable demand for silver for coinage, place as a money metal with gold.
suffering and actual wounds, will have that the United States could not consider sole demand of the silver men, and upon, this
consideration to which he is entitled. The Dem for a moment the pledge to go on with platform they are certain sooner or later to
ocratic party should use the power intrusted to our purchases of silver at the present rate
it by the people to undo vicious pension legis- and on existing terms, or on any terms.
lation and to continue upon the pension roll For the United States the important and
MR. CLEVELAND AND HIS PARTY.
during the term of their natural life those men threatening aspect of the situation is that we
who did receive serious wounds in the war of are day by day and year by year increasing our Civil Service Chronicle (Indianapolis), No-
the rebellion.
gold obligations in the issue of legal-tender vember. - For three successive Presidential
notes and are not increasing our gold reserve elections the party which has had the offices
by a dollar. That is the crux of the silver has been defeated. Yet we shall hear once
problem as it presents itself to the American more, though probably not to such an extent,
people to-day. Everything else is insignificant. the exploded argument that the offices are es-
What we have reason to dread, and what is as sential to party success, and about the Boys,
sure to come upon us as the sun is sure to rise with cold toes, and so on. Mr. Cleveland is in
each day, is the arrival of the time when the a position to smile grimly at all such nonsense.
Government cannot redeem its notes in gold, In fact, he is in a position to reform the civil
service to almost any extent he desires. His
platform makes the simple statement that the
civil service law shall be enforced; that the of-
fices ought not to be subject to change at every
election, or be a brief reward of party zeal, or
be a prize fought for at the polls. This covers
the whole ground, and good faith requires that
matters be put in such shape that the principles
of the platform will be permanently established.
The further this is carried the stronger the
party will be at the end of four years.

Jacksonville Times-Union (Dem.), Nov. 26.
-The idea seems to prevail among politicians
that balf the people of the North are on the
pension rolls. A moment's consideration of
the statistics of population shows this to be
very far from the truth.
But a small fraction
of the voters are pensioners, and, of course, a
large majority of the voting pensioners would
not be affected by a just reduction of the pen-
New York Tribune (Rep.), Nov. 30.-It is a
sion list. It is doubtful if such reduction would striking tribute to the wisdom of Republicans
materially affect the "soldier vote," for there that the ablest representatives of foreign
are hundreds of thousands of veterans who Powers, when they meet to devise means of
have no pensions and expect none, and who ap-resisting the decline in silver, can suggest
preciate more sensibly than others the enor-nothing better than an imitation, so far as
mous abuses attending the present pension sys- their circumstances permit, of the methods
tem. As it has grown up under Commissioners embodied in the last silver act.
The
Tanner and Raum it is rotten with corruption. condition of European purchases is that the
To get it into proper shape will be as herculean a United States shall continue to take no less
task as the cleaning of the Augean stable; but it than 54,000,000 ounces yearly. A treaty to that
is a task which Congress cannot shirk without effect would bind this country not to repeal
being false to its manifest duty. President
the act of 1890. No matter how grave the
Cleveland displayed true moral courage by consequences might be to the Treasury, no
vetoing the Dependent Pension Bill. If he
matter how plain it might become that con-
had not done so, there would have been no tinued purchases of silver would endanger the
surplus in the Treasury when his term expired. soundness of the circulation, they must never-
At that time the pension roll called for not less theless be continued under the compact pro-
than $80,000,000 annually; now it calls for posed. Senator Sherman already maintains
more than double that amount. It is increas- that the purchases should be stopped, and while
ing at the rate of $16,000,000 a quarter. There no emergency yet presented seems likely to
seems to be hardly any limit to its increase. push a majority in Congress to such action, it
Therefore pension reform has come to appear is possible that monetary disturbance might
in the light of a necessity. If the Democrats with little warning make this the only and the
do not take the work boldly in hand they can- obvious remedy. If this country is to carry
not reduce the tariff without resorting to meas- twice as great a share of the burden as all
ures that would meet with still greater opposi- other Powers together, it would seem no more
tion, such as restoring the sugar tariff or than reasonable that the United States should be
imposing an income tax. Considerations of left free to terminate its purchases at its pleas-
policy and duty point to pension reform as a
ure. Possibly there are parts of the plan not
subject that should be uppermost in their coun- mentioned in dispatches which render it more
acceptable to American delegates, for they are
said to be inclined to favor it. But a mere
buying and locking up of silver without any in-
crease whatever in its monetary use, even by
the issue of paper currency against it, seems to
be of questionable service, even as a temporary
palliative. It is only two years since the
United States increased its purchases by $30,-
000,000 yearly, but the price of silver has not
A further addi-
been permanently advanced.
tion of purchases not as great in amount, in the
absence of any provision to give silver a large
permanent monetary use, might prove ineffec-
tive.

sels.

THE MONETARY CONFERENCE.

New York Times (Ind.-Dem.), Nov. 30.Though the proposition of Mr. de Rothschild, which is said to have received the approval of the American delegates, and is expected to receive that of the American Government, is es. sentially grotesque and ludicrous, it is so beCause it coolly assumes that this nation will blindly accept a plan that is obviously fraught with, not merely the possibility, but the certainty, of the gravest disaster and disgrace. The essential element in this proposition is the continued purchase of 54,000,000 ounces of silver bullion per year for five years, or 270,000,000 ounces in all. And the essential fact in such a

WHAT THE SILVER MEN WANT.

the year.

Cleveland has not been at work during the Indianapolis Journal (Rep.), Nov. 25.-Mr. campaign, as have his friends, who have not put off the harness since they began to struggle for his nomination during the first months of Having accepted, their services, having permitted them to spend their money and time in his behalf, they have a right to see the man whom they have re-made and to express to him their wishes. Any man with any sense of gratitude would, at least, accord to hundreds of such men a civil hearing. Instead, he has gone to a remote place, twenty-five miles from a railroad and eight miles from the mainland, to which there is no public conveyance, and practically proclaims to the world: "I will not be annoyed by these people, therefore I put myself beyond their reach.' He has also given out that he will not heed any written communications sent him. He has assumed the same attitude of distrust and annoyance which he put on toward Mr. Hendricks and his party leaders after the election in 1884, only that he has this time emphasized that distrust, while what appeared to be annoyance then is contempt now.

It is the same lack of confidence in local

Democratic leaders which led him, in 1886, to ask the opinion of two Republican Senators, giving as his reason for asking that he could not believe those speaking for the Democracy.

St. Louis Globe-Democrat (Rep.), Nov. 25.The peril to the President-elect will not come from New York alone. Although the political storm centre is in that State the area of disturbance will extend over the greater part of the country. Wherever there are important Denver News (Silver organ), Nov. 25.-The offices to be distributed powerful and resolute policy is that the purchase of these 270,000,- silver men admit that the present silver law is enemies to Cleveland will manifest themselves. 000 ounces of silver is to be made with a failure, and that any law save a full free It is the prevalent opinion now among the legal-tender Treasury notes of the United coinage law will be a failure. They demand leading Democrats that, in his attitude toward States, which the United States are pledged the restoration of silver to the level it occupied the present office-holders, he will be guided to redeem on presentation in gold. That is in 1873, when, by the most infamous of con- largely by the spirit of the civil service the plain, unavoidable situation. It is the one spiracies, it was demonetized. They know law, and the present incumbents in most cases thing that concerns us. Nothing else in the that the National Government is no more a will be permitted to serve out their terms. This plan is of the slightest consequence. The pur" consumer of silver than it is of gold, but is not what the Democratic workers looked chase of $25,000,000 worth of silver by the they insist that the Government shall be a for in the canvass and they will promptly and other Governments represented in the Confer-" of silver on the same terms and under vigorously resent it now. user ence will have no appreciable effect of even a the same conditions that it is a user of gold. offices is likely to be far more extended and temporary character, while, as an offset to Nothing more is asked for silver than is now persistent than any which the country has ever the evils we are asked to bring upon our accorded to gold; nothing less will be satisfacselves, it is so illusory as to make the tory. It is not necessary in this connection to offer of it insulting to our common sense. point out the dangerous consequences which Nor is the modification proposed by Prof. are now threatening the commerce and indusSoetbeer of any importance, taken in connec- tries of the world through the money contraction with the burden we are asked to assume. tion resulting from the crime of 1873. It is It is in itself a wise thing for the European not necessary to dwell at length on the wild nations to do to withdraw all gold coins below scramble for gold in which European countries the value of $4, and thus leave a somewhat are now engaged. It is not necessary to point larger field for silver coin. But it is not a to the fact that the commercial world is beginserious matter, because the total amount of ning to realize that there is not gold enough in gold coins now in circulation below that value existence to meet the demands of modern is relatively small. But were it ever so great, business, and the dawning conviction that silver and were its withdrawal sure to make a must be restored to its ancient and honorable

seen thus far.

The scramble for

St. Paul Pioneer Press (Ref.), Nov. 24.Mr. Cleveland is as unmindful as he ever was of services received, and he has met the coming hosts in a way that is almost brutal. To all the tender and suggestive epistles which he has received since his election, breathing that gratitude which has been defined as a lively sense of favors to come, he replies at once through the public press. Then he says that he is going away, that he thinks it improper to receive applications for office prior to the 4th of March, and that people who take the

trouble to approach him before that will not so much as get their papers on file. If this is the way things are to go, what, the Democracy may well exclaim, are we here for? It is a sad blow, delivered, not in the name of civil service reform, but in that of Mr. Cleveland's esteem for himself and impatience at being disturbed by inferior people. These are weary months ahead of the famishing, but they will not despair.

Boston Herald (Ind.-Dem.), Nov. 24.-Those politicians who are threatening Presidant-elect Cleveland with the hostility of Senator Hill in the immediate future are probably bringing no new terrors before the mind of the first-named

gentleman. There is no reason to believe that Mr. Cleveland had anything like cordial support from Senator Hill in the canvass that resulted in Mr. Cleveland's election. The counties in which Hill is supposed to have had special influence showed a very decided falling off in Cleveland's vote as compared with the State generally, and gave evidence of a desire to defeat him in New York on the part of the Senator, if they proved anything. A highly significant point in the late election is that Cleveland was able to carry New York even under the opposition of Hill, and perhaps a still more significant one is that he would have been chosen President had the efforts of Hill to defeat him in New York been successful.

Atlanta Constitution (Dem.), Nov. 26.-The Republicans seem to be very happy over this clamor on the part of the Democrats for places. They are attempting in every conceivable way to extend the Civil Service Law so as to protect as many of their men as possible. We believe that the Civil Service Law, as it has been administered for partisan purpose, is the biggest fraud, next to the election laws, on the Federal statute-books. The

regarded as a friendly service to Europe, of Mr. Cleveland. During his first Admini
but as a step in the interest of Ameri- stration he realized the grandeur of the part h
cans themselves. The Chicago Columbian had been called to play. He undertook to
Exhibition will be held during the coming restore to the public some practices long for:
year. The Republicans, in arranging for this gotten. He did not hesitate to refuse to tha
Exhibition, sought to demonstrate to the world most influential members of his party favor
the industrial supremacy of North America. If which up to that time were the rule, but which
Cleveland pursues the policy indicated by his he thought incompatible with the public inter
political and economic tendencies, this gigantic est. This was not the least cause of his defea
Chicago undertaking will fulfill its distinctive in 1888. We may be sure that during the new
purpose, and bring the nations closer together period of power which will begin on the 4th o
in peaceful rivalry. Thus may the Columbian March next, he will perform his high function
Exhibition be made a monument to the value not like a politician but as a statesman.
of the election just held.
shall be very glad of it for the sake of the
United States; we shall also congratulate our
selves if, as it is not rash to suppose, he shal,
employ his influence to bring about a reform
in the exorbitant tariff duties, as much oppose
to the true interest of his own country as the
are to the interest of ours.

Vienna Neue Freie Presse, Nov. 12.-As the Democrats will have the majority in both Houses of Congress, nothing can prevent them from carrying out their ideas. In England it is not expected that they will resort to Free Trade. The Times takes a very skeptical view of this matter. But people are convinced that the Chinese Wall which McKinley built up will in time suffer some serious breaches, and that an important reduction of the existing duties will follow.

Breslau Zeitung, Nov. 12.-Not the least of the influences which Grover Cleveland has to thank for his reëlection is the almost united support accorded him by the American citizens of German nativity. We Germans of the Empire are entitled to take a certain pride in the fact that our countrymen in America always strive to keep politics free from corruption, that they endeavor to make politics a matter of ideals, and not of bargain and sale, and that, therefore, they invariably give the preference to the most honorable of the Presidential candidates.

CONGRESSMAN HARTER'S FUTURE.-A mar who will be urged for Governor of Ohio nexfall on the Democratic ticket is Congressma Michael D. Harter. He is a true representa tive of the new Democratic party, and hi splendid victory over overwhelming odds i the 14th District shows that he knows how to conduct a campaign and is never disturbed b the enemy's strength, nor swayed by hi friends' follies. As the indications are that the Democrats will have a practical walk over in the Gubernatorial fight in thi State next year there will be a han scramble for the nomination, and it ma become necessary for the reform Demc crats to bring forth one of their strongest me to prevent a spoilsman from getting the nomi nation. But whether that man need be Con Dresden Nachrichten, Nov. II. There should be no exaggerated expectations in for-gressman Harter, and whether he would b President should carry out the policy of the eign countries regarding reductions in the willing to leave Congress, is quite anothe do it is to put in men who are in sympathy Protective tariff system is not to be predicted further that Mr. Harter will not cherish th party which elected him, and the safest way to tariff. A fundamental change in the American question. It is our opinion that the natio cannot spare his services in Congress, an with its principles. We think, though, that as a result of the Democratic victory. Cleve-idea of burying himself in Columbus. It is there should be no hasty action on the part of land and his followers have Protective lean- little early for talk about the nomination. Le applicants, as nothing can be accomplished, ings. They will not at all abolish the present except to disgust everybody by the great rush tariff, but will only revise it on the principle of for office, before the new Administration is making Protection to industries operate for the benefit of workingmen and consumers, and not exclusively for the advantage of a certain class of capitalists.

installed.

FOREIGN COMMENT ON THE ELEC.
TION.

us first see what Congress will do.-Cincinnat Southwest (Dem.), Nov. 25.

AN ADVANCING MOVEMENT.-The proposi tion to elect United States Senators by popula L'Indépendance Belge (Brussels), Nov. 11.- vote has been carried in California by a larg The victory of the Democratic party in the majority. The movement to this end, originat London Times, Nov. 17.-That there must United States is so complete that it is ing in Illinois, is meeting with much favor i be a change is admitted on all hands, and it is certain Mr. Cleveland will meet with no op- all sections, and it seems probable that at n evidently desirable that it should be effected as position when he wishes to fulfill his prom-remote period the upper House of Congres smoothly and as gradually as is possible. Whenises to reduce the duties on imports. Never will spring as directly from the people as nov the Democratic tariff for revenue only is thus theless, as we have said before, an immediate does the body which forms its complement i produced, we do not for a moment imagine or very radical revision of the McKinley tariff legislation. The popularization of our Hous that it will be a thoroughgoing Free Trade must not be expected. On the question of of Lords will be a long stride in the pathway o system, or that, as in this country, the most tariff reform the new majority is not quite as Democratic progress.—Chicago Times (Dem). minute care will be taken to equalize the bur- unanimous as the partisans of Free Trade deden of duties on home products and on foreign sire; that is, it is more or less divided as to imports. On the contrary, even the tariff re-the extent to which reductions on duties should formers of the Democratic party will, doubtless, be made. No member of the Democratic be anxious to throw the burden of external taxation, wherever they can, on commodities in respect of which such duties will give an advantage to the American producer. Nevertheless, whatever may be the wishes of politicians, the policy of the victorious party will be governed not only by the renunciation at Chicago of the right to levy duties except for purposes of revenue, but by the necessity of giving the consuming masses appreciable relief from the pressure against which they have

revolted.

Vienna Fremden-Blatt, Nov. 10.-The importance to Europe, and particularly to our Empire in its commercial interests and financial policy, of the great result which the cable has announced to us, need not be dwelt on. It is to be hoped that the application of the new programme decided on in America will follow speedily. What is signified by the McKinley system is well understood by the artisans in our pearl button industries and also by the producers of our far-famed small wares. The fact that Our articles of export are to be received again, is not to be

party, not even Mr. Cleveland, has, as
yet, hoisted the flag of Cobden and Bright and
espoused in its integrity the cause of Free
Trade. All the same, it is certain that there
will be a revision of the tariff-first, because
such revision is the principal plank of the plat-
form of the Democrats, and second, because
the electors have given clear expression of
their wishes in favor of such revision, by the
enormous number of votes they have cast for
the adversaries of McKinley legislation. There
is then really occasion for rejoicing in Europe
at the triumph of Mr. Cleveland without going|
so far as to believe that the triumph will result
in doing away completely with the Protection-
ist system in the New World.

ABLE FRENCH VERSION OF THE BURCHARI EPISODE.-In a recent issue of the Revue de Deux Mondes, M. C. de Varigny discusses ou Presidential campaigns at considerable length under the title "The Lowliness of Politica Life in the United States." The explanation of the now famous incident of the Rev. Dr Burchard's three R's is very interesting, giver on the authority of an experienced politician:

Of all publications those who have an effect are thos presenting in a brief, concise form the arguments mos intelligible to the masses. As an illustration may b cited a card printed in millions of copies during th last Presidential election (1888). It was the work o the Rev. Dr. Burchard, and bore only these words Rum, Romanism, Rebellion. It was distributed in large quantities on the Sunday preceding the election walls, shoved under all the doors. The election tool at the close of the church services, posted on all the place on the following Tuesday, and that card, thu issued at the last hour by the Republican Committee under direction of Mr Blaine, remaining for lack of party a number of voters hitherto undecided, who be time without reply, rallied around the Republicar came persuaded that the election of the Democratic candidate would result in increasing the consumption lead to a new war of secession, of liquors, in giving predominance to Catholicism, and "The three R's.' said one of the chiefs of the party, "have given us the victory in the Puritan States." Three cheers for history!-New York Sun Nov. 29.

SOCIAL TOPICS.

archical countries.

Washington Post, Nov. 27.-Perhaps it is just as well that the Pennsylvania authorities are contemplating an abandonment of the prosecution of the Homestead ringleaders. A community capable of furnishing the jury that acquitted Critchlow is not one in which it would be wise to look for law-abiding or lawupholding material. When a lawyer can get up and brag such vicious twaddle as this:

men to preach doctrines which menace the tions arise among the members of the Amalvery foundations of social order and the secur- gamated Association concerning responsibility ity by which all property is held. Nothing has for failure. Violence, self-confidence, sympaEND OF THE HOMESTEAD STRIKE. happened, in late years, of a more discredi-thetic strikes essentially absurd, tyranny of table character than the misuse made of this organization, encouragement to persist in the Boston New Nation (Edward Bellamy's face of defeat, explain most of the incidental paper), Nov. 26.-The Homestead strike is occurrence for partisan purposes. manifestations. Public sentiment is opposed dead, but its soul goes marching on. The Chicago Railway Age, Nov. 25.-Altogether shots fired that July morning at the Pinkerton the great Homestead strike has proved a gi- to the Pinkerton method; but if employers are barges, like the shots fired at Lexington a hun-gantic failure, inciting a disgraceful outbreak not allowed to use private means to defend dred years ago, were "heard around the of violence and involving widespread loss for their property, the Government must be as world." The dramatic series of events which which it has brought no compensation what- prompt and uncomprimising as it is in monfollowed that stand to the death against the Pinkertons, roused millions of American citizens, as no amount of books or lectures could have done, to realize that there is an industrial problem which, if it be not soon solved by ballots, will be settled by bullets. Neither the leaders who languish in prison, nor the men who now must make what terms they can with their former employers, ought to be disheartened over the result. Though they have technically failed in the particular issue they made, they have dealt the whole capitalist system a staggering blow, and contributed a chapter to the record of the industrial revolution now in progress which no future historian will be able to leave out. Homestead has gone far to convince the multitude of what students long ago have seen, namely, that the intelligence and conscience of the world have outgrown the capitalist system of production, and can no longer be counted on to support it. In this battle capitalism has won a barren victory; a few more such victories will bring it to its knees in an appeal to the nation to buy it out on any terms and take the business of production for good and all off its hands.

most

ever. From the first it failed to command
public sympathy, because it was inaugurated
not to better the condition of labor in general
or to relieve distress caused by insufficient
wages, but merely to increase the pay of a
special class of workmen, already far better
paid than the great majority. The fact that
thousands of other workmen abandoned per-
manent employment and good wages to join a
purely sympathetic strike, for the benefit
of others, has in it a suggestion of generous
self-sacrifice which is heroic; although it is
doubtless true that the great majority of these
struck because they were ordered to and
against their own will. The tyranny of capi-
tal is often offset by the tyranny of labor when
the latter delegates its powers to leaders who
are liable to great errors of judgment.

Unless the right of the Pinkertons to be there was made plain, the people should have shot them down: should have shot them after leaving the barges; should have followed them to their hearthstones and shot them down there; should have shot them at God's own altar, and, if possible, should have followed them across the grave, and shot them down as they lay on across the great boundary; should have followed them the bosom of the prince of hell,

-and when the blatherskite who brayed it can
the population over to their own devices. Af-
actually gain his case, it is about time to turn
ter all, the problem will resolve itself. If there
be any sensible men among the Homestead
strikers, they must know by this time that the
leaders, the agitators, and the salaried officials
of organized labor who got them into the mess
are the very worst enemies they have.
effect for good must now realize that their true
upon whom experience can have any possible
interests lie with those who give them honora-
ble and remunerative employment, and not
with those who fatten

Men

Architecture and Building (New York), Nov.
26.-The utter collapse of the Homestead
strike, with its attendant criminal prosecutions,
will stand for years as a warning to labor not
to carry through its measures by illegal and
riotous usurpation of the rights of others.
Under the system of unions, confederations of
labor, and similar organizations, there has
been a practical declaration of war on the
community-war not only on the manufac
turers or other employers, but war against all
unorganized labor, a usurpation of power
and tyrannization entirely repugnant to Ameri-loyalty and can do nothing for them when the
can ideas. While we regret the loss to the legitimate result of disaster overtakes them.
men engaged in this conflict and the suffering Upon the whole, we fancy that Mr. Critchlow
of their families in consequence, we cannot but and Mr. Hugh O'Donnell and Mr. Burgess
regard the defeat of the Amalgamated Associ McLuckie may quite safely be set at liberty,
ation a benefit which, from the prominence the and that no one need fear their making fools
Homestead troubles have had, must have a of any more honest workingmen—at least in
marked influence in withholding organizations
con-of this sort from rushing prematurely into such

The Dawn (Labor, Boston), Nov. 23.-The
Homestead strike has failed. It is the worst
thing for social conservationists that could
have happened, and the best thing for Social-
ists. Certain political economists, clergymen,
philanthropists, who like to be called prac-
tical," are saying that Socialism is " utopian
and "parental", that the workingmen have
wrongs, but that the only way to right them
is through voluntary cooperation and trades-
anionism, that the State cannot really help.
Here, then, is the strongest,
servative, and one of the wisest trades- conflicts.
unions in the country, after having
struggled five months, spending thousands of St. Louis Age of Steel, Nov. 26.-Without
dollars, creating a strike probably costing $10,- entering on the rights or wrongs of either side
000,000, thoroughly beaten, overthrown, shown in this now historic dispute, its effects on the
powerless. We believe in trades-unions. They industries interested, the losses entailed, and
have a work to do and a future. But they can- the necessary appeal to gunpowder and bayo-
not control monopolists and combinations. Only nets, are solemnly suggestive of the more than
the State can do that. At the polls is to-day ever urgent need of wiser methods in settling
The workingman's one chance. It is either Tri-industrial disputes. Outside the demagogism
umphant Plutocracy, Socialism, or the Reign that has hatched a whole poultry establishment
of Terror, which we are to have in this coun- out of the Homestead egg, and given heroic
try. Mere trades-unionism is not practical, attitudes to a struggle that has now confessed
but simply sentimental.
its impotence and folly, in calmer reason and
colder facts both industry and capital ought
now to see that in conciliation and arbitration
lies the only possible escape from a monoto-
nous recurrence of the Homestead episode.

on their credulous

which will last them for a very long time to Homestead. The latter have had a lesson

come.

has

Brooklyn Citizen, Nov. 27.—In spite of all the Carnegies can do the day will come again when a stronger and better organization than the Amalgamated Association ever was will take its place. The history of the strike has aroused a greater sympathy than ever between the branches of labor and its friends; aroused in every quarter of the country, and even in England, the indignation of those who have seen in the growing power of capital here a menace to the free thought and free action of the individual, and it has taught the whole people the folly and the criminality of legislating for a class, and there can be no doubt that it had a large share in determining their verdict at the polls in the late election. The triumph of the Carnegies is a hollow one.

Philadelphia Manufacturer, Nov. 26.—The collapse of the Homestead strike was a certainty from the beginning. The movement has been much misrepresented as a protest against decrease of wages, and as the result of New York Christian Advocate, Nov. 24.an attempt of greedy and conscienceless em- The strikers alienated public sympathy by orployers to oppress their workmen. In truth, ganizing and adopting military discipline, kept VERY HIGH IDEALS. it represented simply the purpose of a great non-union men out of the mill by acts of vio- Justice (Socialist, London), Nov. 19.-Ecolabor union to obtain control of the business of lence, finally by rioting, necessitating the calling nomic inequality is the most crying injustice, the company operating the steel works. The out and service of the militia for three months. but it is not the only one we have to combat. only question at issue was the right of an Two million, five hundred thousand dollars was Socialism must attack all social evil, all moral Owner of property to direct his affairs without lost in wages by the men. The company no wrong, and put an end not only to the exploisubmission to the dictation of persons who had doubt lost twice as much. Half a million had to tation of man by man, to oppression and inabsolutely no rights in the matter but the be paid by the county to support the troops. iquity, but also to egoisms, to hardships, to right to accept or to refuse to sell their labor At least thirty-five deaths were directly or in- all avoidable suffering. With such object in at the wages offered. There could be but one directly caused by it. Some were killed in the view, to realize so lofty an aim, Socialism settlement of such a dispute, unless justice battle of July 6, several soldiers contracted must be in sympathy with all human suffering, should be robbed of its own, and that settlement fever and died, one soldier was shot accidentally must be inspired by every noble inspirahas been reached in complete vindication of by a comrade, another killed by the cars, a tion; it must be watered at all the the authority of the owners. The incident will striker committed suicide, another was drowned, springs of enthusiasm and self-sacrifice; be long remembered for the murderous vio- another killed by the cars, several non-union men it must, in brief, associate itself with all lence of the strikers, for the vast dimensions of died from fever, several killed by the mill, an intellectual and moral progress, while recogthe sum of money squandered by them in the attempt was made to assassinate Chairman nizing all the economic needs which have reattempt to maintain themselves in a false posi- Frick, a number of business houses in Home- sulted from the revolution in the conditions tion, and for the shocking proclamation of stead have gone into the Sheriff's hands, great under which wealth is produced. Devotion, Social and political heresies which it evoked. has been the suffering among many of the the spirit of self-abnegation, self-sacrifice, the False sympathy with the rioters induced re-strikers. The company deals with men as high moral virtues which are unquestionably spectable public journals and eminent public men, and not as unionists. Feuds and conten-factors in human progress which Socialism is

Holland

Denmark..

Total.....

Naturally, the military and naval budgets c the various European States have increased i the same proportions. These budgets hav more than doubled in Russia (rising from 615,000,000 francs in 1869 to 1,239,000,000 i 1892), in Germany (from 280,000,000 francs t 702,000,000), in Italy (from 176,000,000 franc to 362,000,000), in Denmark, in Sweden an Narway, and in Romania. To sum up, in 187 Europe devoted to preparations for war th sum of nearly three billion francs; to-day th sum has risen to nearly five billion francs-tha is, in United States money one billlon dollar

called upon to guide into a new cycle, these | Should Germany ever again cross the French Bulgaria.....
qualities are deficient in realist Socialism. We frontier, she would meet, not, as before, eight Greece
have to enlist with us the great mass of the army corps to her seventeen,
"but forces Servia
people, and it is never stirred merely on numerically equal, if not superior, splendidly, Portugal..
grounds of personal interest; moral influences, organized and equipped, with enormous re- Montenegro.....
and still more sentimental influences, alone serves behind them." If she defeated them, she
have that power.
Do not, therefore, let would have next to deal with a series of formi-
us disdain them; do not let us repel dable fortresses on the Moselle and Meuse,
that which is most irrepressible, that each stronger than Strasburg or Metz in 1870
which is best in human nature-sentiment, if If the German armies arrived before Paris,
thus you choose to call the ideal. Let us neither would that be the Paris of 1870, “but
illumine it, for it is often blind; let us human- a fortified city, the like of which the world has
ize it, for it is often cruel; but let us enlist it never seen, with thirty-five forts and an outer
in our ranks, for it is the most irresistible line of defenses 100 miles in extent. That is
revolutionary force in the world. History a picture of war painted in fire. Count von
teaches us that nothing can resist it, that only Caprivi is before all things, like his Emperor,
those causes, whether just or unjust, which it a soldier, and he has the courage to tell his
has embraced have triumphed. Realist and countrymen that even if Germany conquered,
idealist, both are welcome in our ranks. If" our second state would be far worse than
well they learn the message of Socialism to all our first, and would involve fresh sacrifices
those who suffer, to all those who hope, the far heavier than those we now ask of
idealist will recognize the economic, the realist you." He warns them that Russia, also, is
the human question, and the two will be made steadily arming, steadily preparing for war,
and plainly for war on her western frontier,
where her best forces are gradually, but surely,
massing. He owns that he is asking for great
sacrifices from an already heavily burdened
nation. Fresh troops mean fresh taxes also.
But he repeats in a tone which sounds in spite
of himself prophetic, that these sacrifices are
as nothing compared with those resulting from
a disastrous war. The Reichstag received this
fateful statement in silence. It listened to the
Chancellor; applaud him it would not.

one.

A THREATENED EXODUS. Los Angeles Times, Nov. 23.- We are able to contemplate with a good deal of equanimity the report which comes from San Francisco that, as a result of the Exclusion Act, the heavy Chinese merchants on the Coast are preparing to give up business and go back to China. These fat and oleaginous Chinese merchants are the ones who have run the gambling dens and the Chinese dives; they have introduced their peculiar system of slavery under our very noses, and have too often enlisted, by bribery, the constables and other law officers in aiding them to maintain their nefarious traffic. They have imported and bought and sold again helpless Chinese girls, and condemned them to an existence which fairly makes one heart-sick to contemplate. If the Exclusion Law is driving these fellows out of the country, then it is a mighty good law. The only pity is that it was not enacted years ago. The Pacific Coast will be infinitely better off without the Six Companies, without the Chinese merchants and all their accumulations of money, sandal-wood, fish, and female slaves. We are only too ready in this instance to speed the parting guest. Let them stand not upon the order of their going, but go at once. The great mass of Chinese laborers and servants are less objectionable than the merchants, but they will probably go also, and we can afford to dispense with their company. There may be temporary inconvenience in some industries which have been dependent on this class of labor, but we believe the void will soon be filled by a class of

laborers who will make American citizens and who will contribute a hundred fold as much to the prosperity of the community.

FOREIGN MATTERS.

Boston Journal, Nov. 26.—In time th Springfield rifle musket became the standar weapon of the Union army. It was a goo weapon for a single-shot muzzle-loader-m better anywhere existed-and our veteran reg ments became wonderfully expert in its us and wonderfully proud of it. Its deadly leade missiles now strew the whole Southern countr from the Potomac clear to the Gulf coast. Bu there have been some tremendous changes in th art of warfare since the early 'sixties, and the fa mous arm of which our Yankee soldiers boaste has become almost as antiquated as the ol flintlock of Queen Anne. Breech-loading rifle Letter from Paris, Courrier des Etats Unis were very little used in the Rebellion. Som (New York), Nov. 27.-In a work just pub-regiments were armed with repeaters, but the lished, on "The Military Powers of the States were relatively few. Officers' and cavalry r of Europe," compiled by Captain Molard, of volvers were of the new type which had ju: the staff of the 19th Regiment of Infantry, from begun to be introduced. Breech-loading car the most recent official documents, there are non were practically unknown. The ordinar some figures which give a vastly clearer idea field-piece was the smooth-bore brass or iro than any commentaries can of the present sit-six or twelve-pounder of substantially the pa uation of Europe. In 1869 the European tern which had figured in the Revolution an armies on a war footing had the following ef- the campaigns in Mexico. Rifled guns had b fectives: gun to show their superiority. The mitrailleus 1,350,000 or Gatling appeared only in the form of a fe crude experiments. The extraordinary morta 750,000 ity which characterized most of the battle 570,000 of our Civil War as compared with late in Europe was clearly not attrib to any 320,000 table extraordinary weapons ( 150,000 destruction. It was due to the courag 130,000 and determination of the combatants. Th soldiers in our best Massachuset 70,000 best 45,000 regiments would find themselves sadly at 45,000 loss with one of the new rapid fire Krag-Jo 35,000 gensen rifles in their hands, or at the breed 33,000 of one of the long, shining field-guns whic 25.000 pick off men with the skill of the old sharp War as we knew it in the Rebellid 6,858,000 shooters! was terrible enough, but when the armed tru is finally broken and Europe's armies by th hundred thousand meet on the battlefield wit these wonderful new devices of death an 2,417,000 mutilation, the horrors of Gettysburg will b 1.514,000 multiplied tenfold, with no merciful canopy smoke to hide them. May that day be far of

France..
Germany..
Russia....

...................

Austria-Hungary
Italy..
Great Britain.
Spain...
Turkey.
Switzerland.
Sweden and Norway.
Belgium
Portugal...
Denmark.
Holland..

Greece..

Roumania..
Servia....

Total....

1,300,000

..... 1,000,000

....

450,000

95,000

40,000

In 1892, the actual effectives which can be
immediately mobilized are:

France..
Russia
Germany.
Italy

Austria-Hungary..
Turkey.....

Great Britain..
Spain

2,500,000

... 2,451,000

1,050,000

700,000

342,000

300.000

370,000

.........

Sweden and Norway....
Switzerland.
Roumania........................................................................

Belgium..

Holland............................

212,000
153,000
128,000
110,000

70,000

THE QUESTION OF WAR. London dispatch from G. W. Smalley, New York Tribune, Nov. 27.-Count von Caprivi's speech on Wednesday was, from every point of view, remarkable. It was able enough to Servia.. furnish of itself a good answer to Prince Bis- Portugal marck's taunts at his successor's incapacity-Bulgaria able, not merely as a speech, but in its broad view of affairs, and in its vigorous handling of Montenegro......... great issues. There was the note of true statesmanship in his refusal to appeal to panic in order to carry his bill. He would not, as he On paper-that is, when the laws in regard said, jingle his sword. He declined to say that to recruiting now in force shall have produced war is in sight. He avowed that the relations their full effect-the total number of soldiers of Germany with all other Powers are friendly. He disclaimed with emphasis a policy of aggression. He dissevered himself from that party, if party there be, which would attack France or Russia lest France or Russia grow too strong. But he put before the Reichstag and Germany, more plainly than it has ever been put before, the tremendous change that has taken place since 1870 in the relative military strength of France and Germany.

wars

THE NEW CANADIAN' PREMIER. Ottawa Citizen, Nov. 26.-For many mont past the public have been aware of the wea 80,000 state of health of Sir John Abbott. The Pr 80,000 mier himself intimated in the early part of th 70,000 summer that he was no longer physically ca 61,000 able of bearing the strain imposed upon hi 55,000 by his office, and that he was desirous of esca ing the burden. It was hoped by his colleagu ..12,563,000 and friends that a voyage across the Atlanti and a short period of relaxation and re amidst new scenes and under favorable skie would restore him to his accustomed vigo and that it would not be necessary 4,500,000 look for a successor. These hopes have n ........ 4,350,000 been fulfilled. By the advice of his physicia ....... 2,236,000 Sir John has gone to the south of France, a 1,900.000 in deference to the same advice he has tel 1,500,000 800,000 graphed to the Governor-General his resign 602,000 tion. Lord Stanley has in consequence aske 510.000 Sir John Thompson, Minister of Justice, 489,000 assume command of the Government and for 258,000 a Ministry. The choice is one, we feel con

there is hardly a barroom in the State which obeys it.
the law, see and know these things, and yet they do
Our solicitors, our Judges, our juries, sworn officers of
nothing. The trouble arises, I think, from the fact
that these are officers of the State and county, while
liquor under existing statutes is sold under license
granted by municipal corporations. The police con-
nive at and are blind to these infringements of the law
by the barkeepers, under instructions, doubtless, from
the authorities, and the people become educated and
accustomed to seeing the law despised.
The Governor further declares that the cities
would be opposed to Prohibition should it be
enacted, and that such a law would still further
widen the division between country and city.
He cites the fact that 613 barrooms in the
State pay a tax of $134,372 to the towns and
$81,100 to the counties, and says the refusal
to license these saloons will increase taxes in
the counties one-half mill. He also claims
that the passage of Prohibition would cause a
desperate struggle between the liquor and
Prohibition elements two years hence, with an
appeal to the negro as the balance of power.

dent, which will meet with general approbation. | the Panama Canal business had already been In fact, public opinion marked out Sir John ordered. It would, without any further action, Thompson for the post as soon as the proba- have had cognizance of Baron de Reinach's bility of Sir John Abbott's resignation became death and all attendant circumstances. But known. The sterling ability displayed by him France shares in the general political unsince his selection for the Department of Jus- rest that seems just now to pervade the tice seven years ago has been recognized world. For months party feeling has universally, and the prestige acquired by him been growing stronger, and the differences bepreviously has been deepened and confirmed tween Conservatives and Radicals have been since the death of Sir John Macdonald a year growing greater. The Carmaux strike maand a half ago. As leader of the House of Com-terially hastened the crisis. The temperate mons Sir John has won the esteem of friends conduct of the Government displeased many and the respect of foes; and it is no reflection Conservatives, who became panic-stricken beupon other able men to say that his eminence fore the self-conjured vision of revolution, and has been conspicious. Grit papers have de- displeased as well many Radicals, for a convoted much valuable space during the year to trary reason. Then came the dynamite outtelling their readers how much Ontario Tories rages, intensifying these feelings almost to the were opposed to Sir John Thompson as a pos- utmost. And on the top of that, M. Delahaye's sible Premier. No fact could be more gratify- tempestuous outburst. The moment was oping to that statesman than the enthusiastic portune, and the chronic enemies of the Miniscordiality of the support which he received try improved it. An unimportant, but annoyfrom the Ontario members of the Conservative ing, demand was made and pressed; and the party last session and the session before, the vote resulted in a defeat of the Ministry. confidence shown in the Government of which This is not the time to write the epitaph of Pittsburgh Dispatch, Nov. 27.-There is he was so influential a member as witnessed M. Loubet's Government, however; nor even novelty and interest in the announcement of a by the bye-elections in Ontario, or the warmth to review its work as ended. Its successor press dispatch from South Carolina that "if of the greetings tendered to him personally must continue its work, on the same lines, and the Legislature obeys the will of the people as wherever he appeared during the campaign. probably with a majority of the same men in expressed at the recent election, South CaroThe Conservative party is fortunate in having charge of the portfolios. No other kind of lina will be a Prohibition State in the near such a succession of distinguished leaders; and Government is possible, or desirable. The future." But it is not such a startling novelty the country will feel itself safe while its fortunes Republic with monarchic sympathies has been as it would have been if Georgia had not preare entrusted to such skillful hands as those of tried and found wanting. The Republic with ceded her in the same road. Nevertheless, the new Premier. anarchistic sympathies has been considered the reversal which South Carolina as a Prohibiand rejected. The Republic with true repub- tion State must work upon our preconceived lican ideas has been established, and has stead-ideas of the Palmetto Commonwealth invests ily gained stability and distinction, and is the announcement with extreme interest to the If Prohibition should be than one ancient monarchy in Europe would enacted there the proverbial remark to the to-day more secure than ever before. More whole country. rejoice to feel itself one-half so firmly founded Chief Executive of that State would seem to as the French Republic. The fact that changes assume a prophetic nature, and the of Ministry occur is not menacing. It rather time between drinks" long would surpass the reaffirms the stability of the present form of most horrible dreams of the ante-bellum government. For it is significant that, who- chivalry. The collisions which have heretoever may cry "Down with the Ministry!" fore furnished most of the news from that there is practically none who cry "Down with bellicose section, would be replaced by the efthe Republic!" Dr. Clemenceau at the one forts of the law to suppress the illicit extreme, and Count Albert de Mun at the merchandising of speak-easies and the possible other, are agreed in this, that whatever changes establishment among the cotton-fields and occur, the French Republic must be main- order societies. It is well, however, to modof legislation or of administrative policy may magnolias of the exotic feature of law and tained. In such a state of feeling, the friends erate our expectations by the reflection that of France may look upon such struggles as Southern Prohibition may be built on different those of the last month, and upon such a crisis lines from the Northern_article. as that of yesterday, without the least alarm. reason to believe that the Colonels and Majors may even under Prohibition set out the seductive beverage to welcome their friends and still know no fear. Indeed, carping critics have gone so far as to assert that in these Bourbon States the purpose of Prohibition is only to exclude the colored brother from the cup which biteth. In which case, the impartial mind will reflect, so much the better for the colored brother.

THE BRITISH TARIFF.

Britain is called a "

Toledo Blade, Nov. 26.-A great many people do not understand, it appears, that while Great Free Trade" country, even by her own people, she has a tariff on imports. It is a "tariff for revenue only," and is levied upon imports of articles which Great Britain does not produce. What is the significance of the phrase, a tariff for revenue only"? Why that word "only"? It means that, as any duty, even a small one, on any import of any article that is imported of the same kind as is manufactured at home, would be, to some extent, protective to the home prodact; and the word "only" is to exclude even this incidental protection. The duties are to be levied only for revenue, carefully excluding every iota of protection. Great Britain has such a tariff, and calls her system Free Trade." Here is the list of articles, and the revenue raised by duties for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1891, in Great Britain:

Articles.

Tea.....

Coffee..

Spirits, foreign..

Wine.

RTobacco and snuff

Dried fruits.....

Duties Collected.
.$17,061,290
909,515

..................

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