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Volume 54 ক The Outlook A-Family Paper Saturday, 11 July, 1896 HE National Democratic Convention opened at Chicago on Tuesday noon, amid a great deal of uncertainty as to its outcome in the matter of the selection of a candidate. The steady drift towards free coin age which has been evident among the delegates for a long time past shows no sign of diminishing force or change of direction at this writing. All indications point to the adoption of an uncompromising free-coinage platform. This is quite as far, however, as prophecy may venture with any reasonable hope of confirmation. The silver men, although in great majority and exceedingly enthusiastic and vociferous, have shown few signs of organization. They have not been able to hold a caucus, they have not been able to decide to modify the two-thirds rule, and they are radically divided on the question of a candidate. Whether the various and somewhat divergent elements which make up the free-coinage majority can be welded together and brought to agree upon a free-coinage representative to stand upon a free-coinage platform will be known before these words are read by the majority of the readers of The Outlook. In any event, the country is likely to have a perfectly definite issue presented to it by the platforms of the two great parties, and that is a great point gained after the confusions and compromises of recent years. Party disintegration makes itself more manifest daily. It is true that Senator Hansborough, of North Dakota, has decided to seek re-election as a free-coinage Republican, but the two Republican Senators from Montana seem to have allied themselves with the bolters. In Minnesota the free-coinage Republican leaders have issued a manifesto declaring that the St. Louis Convention, in adopting the gold-standard platform, had changed the creed of the party on the vital issue of to-day, and forced out of its ranks those who believe in the coinage of both metals. This address is signed by Congressman Towne, ex-Congressman Lind, Lieutenant-Governor Day, and several State Senators. In Michigan the revolt is only less marked. The Detroit "Tribune" boldly repudiates the currency plank of the National platform, and the leading candidate for Congress in the Sixth Congressional District has published a letter declaring that if elected he would support the free coinage of silver at the old ratio. In Kansas, where Congressmen Broderick and Curtis had already been nominated on free-coinage platforms, both declare that they will stand by these platforms, and repudiate that adopted by the National Convention. Their position, however, has been made a difficult one by the organization of a Silver Republican League pledged to the support of freesilver candidates for the Presidency and Vice-Presidency, and a counter organization of Republicans pledged to oppose all nominees rejecting the St. Louis platform. In Kansas it is only among the newspapers that party lines are being well maintained-only two out of nearly three hundred having gone over to the Populists. In the East Number 2 there is a corresponding and even wider revolt among Democrats against the prospective free-coinage platform. It is true that ex-Congressman Williams, of Massachusetts, the Democratic candidate for Governor last year, has come out in favor of silver, but his position is one of peculiar isolation. Most of the party leaders have thus far failed to proclaim a revolt only because the proclamation would lessen their influence in the Convention. Ex-Secretary Whitney expressed the general attitude when, in reply to the question whether he would bolt after a free-coinage plank was adopted, he merely said: "I shall not bolt before it is adopted." As a result of the party disintegration going on, nearly every one is comparing the present situation with that in 1856. In many respects they are analogous; but in one respect they are widely different. The new sectionalism so constantly spoken of does not compare in sharpness with the old. At Chicago, it is true, the delegations from the West and South are solidly arrayed against those from the East, but both represent mere majorities among their respective constituents. In every city and town in the West and South there is an influential minority in favor of the gold standard. And in nearly every city and in every country district in the East there is a considerable minority in favor of free coinage. The ovation accorded to Senator Teller on his return to Colorado last week might seem to indicate that the entire population supported the proposition to expand the currency by doubling the demand for Colorado's chief product. Yet many, if not most, of the wealthier citizens of Denver and Colorado Springs prefer to await international action for the remonetization of silver. On the other hand, in the East-particularly in New England-one finds here and there outspoken advocates of National action. The Springfield "Republican " - the only Eastern daily that dispassionately keeps track of the current of political thought-published last week letters in favor of free coinage from two prominent writers hitherto classed as international bimetallists-President E. Benjamin Andrews, of Brown University, and Anson Phelps Stokes, of Lenox. Even in New York City there are a few advocates of free coinage. Last week public attention was directed to one of these by the resignation of President William P. St. John, of the Mercantile National Bank. Mr. St. John had consented to attend the Chicago Convention as member of a committee appointed by a free-coinage mass-meeting held at Cooper Union the week before. The directors of the bank strenuously objected to his service on this committee, on the ground that it would injure the standing of the bank. President St. John accepted this view of the situation, but declined to leave the committee. Only one director voted against accepting his resignation, but the vote of regret was unanimous. Mr. St. John had been President of the bank since 1883. In 1884 he had been appointed member of the Finance Committee of the Chamber of Commerce, and at the request of its chairman had begun a systematic |