WORCESTER AGRICULTURAL SHOW.

The Forty-Third annual exhibition of the Worcester Central Agricultural Society commenced on Thursday of last week, and continued through Friday. The main exhibition was concluded the first day, and the second day was devoted to a show of horse flesh. The exhibition was very large in nearly every department, the show of cattle and sheep being very much more extensive and better in every way, than that of last year.

The extent of the exhibition may be judged from the number of entries of blood stock. There were 12 entries of Ayrshires-3 bulls, 3 cows and 6 heifers; North Devons-7 bulls, 2 cows, 8 heifers; Durhams-4 bulls, 9 cows, 6 heifers; Jerseys-4 bulls, 5 cows, 7 heifers; bulls, 7; bull calves, 5; milch cows, 13; heifers with calf, 18; other heifers, 34; working oxen, 25; working steers, 6; steers of two years, 8; yearling steers, 10; calves, 3; fat cattle-4 oxen, 4 cows; sheep -12 bucks, 14 ewes; swine-8 boars, 7 sows, 7 pens of pigs; poultry-turkeys, 4 entries; ducks, 5; geese, 4; common fowls, 27 lots. "Sundry animals not elsewhere entered," 12, including a trained dog, three English ferrets, and a considerable number of rabbits. Of stallions there were 16 entries; horses for all purposes, 12; matched carriage horses, 5; brood mares and colts, 16; gelding colts, 6; filly colts, 10.

About 400 sat down to dinner. When that

I have begun a job that I am not well acquainted with, and wish you would direct me. I have a swamp hole of about three-fourths of an acre, and there is a chance to drain it by cutting through a little hill. What kind of a drain shall I make? I have stones that I would like to use; can they be made into a drain so that the ditch will not choke up? How would you manage it ? A CONSTANT READER.

Taunton, Sept., 1861. REMARKS.-We have omitted some of your inquiries, because it is impossible for us to answer without being on the ground. We should advise you to use tile instead of stone, as the tile if well laid, will probably last a century, without filling up; while in such ground, a stone drain would be likely to get choked in three or four years.

In answer to the inquiry of your correspondent, was through with, the President of the Society, Mr. Whitaker, I will tell you how I trap raccoons WILLIAM S. LINCOLN, spoke to them encourag fox trap and set it on a level spot, so that it will without keeping a dog to hunt them. I take a ingly of the condition and prospects of the Socie-set firm where the 'coons most haunt, which is ty, and introduced Dr. BARTLETT, of Chelmsford, the delegate from the State Board, who said the exhibition of cattle that day was the best he had ever seen. Dr. LORING, of Salem, next spoke, and congratulated the farmers of Worcester upon their display of cattle. AMASA WALKER, of North Brookfield, spoke of the advantage of an agricultural life.

The first exercise on the morning of the second day was a trial of mowing machines, for which there were eight entries. The remainder of the morning was occupied in the exhibition of horses. There were no speeches at the dinner-table today.

DOGS.-We have recently received two or three articles on the subject of dogs, in addition to those already published, but it does not seem necessary to us to continue the discussion further. "J. C. D.," a former correspondent, in a mild and well written article says:

I must repeat my conviction that the present dog law of Massachusetts, if enforced as it should be, is admirably calculated to remove all reasonable grounds of complaint. Over and above the ample provisions for the confinement and destruction of dangerous or mischievous dogs, and for

nearest to a brook or run; I take a piece of dry
codfish, or a string of trouts, and suspend by a
string and slanting stake about two feet above
time they come along. The trap needs no cover-
trap. In this way I generally take one the first
ing.
A SUBSCRIBER.

the

Danbury, N. H., Sept., 1861.

WINTER BARLEY.

In the Farmer of Aug. 31st I saw an account of some winter barley raised by Mr. J. B. FARbushel, and what the price will be? Can you inform me whether I can get a J. H. PARKER.

MER.

offered and awarded for the best cow exhibited ; | duced so great an effect on the poor animal that seldom with any restriction upon the use to be made of the animal after the Show. How does such an award tend to improve our stock ? Should there not be some requisition made on the owners of such premium animals, and obligation placed upon them to rear the progeny of such cows, always taking care that they associate only with animals of the best class ? September, 1861.

THE JEALOUSY OF A DOG.-Some time since, a gentleman living on the Hudson, had a fine Newfoundland dog, who was a great favorite with the family. While this dog was confined in the yard, a pet lamb was given to one of the children, which the former soon discovered to be sharing a great portion of those caresses which he had been in the habit of receiving. This circumstance pro- by Prof. AGASSIZ.

short jointed, with deep reddish brown wood, grows moderately fast, and bears early and regularly. The fruit, like that of all early pears, is

This pear deserves to become more common in our gardens than it now is. We know of a single tree, perhaps fifteen to twenty years old, that pays an annual interest on some one to two hun- better if ripened in the house. It surpasses every dred dollars. The original of the design which we give above, grew in the grounds of our old friend VANDINE, at Cambridgeport, a gentleman deeply imbued with a love of the useful and beautiful. DOWNING's description of this pear, which we copy below, is better than any we can give.

European variety of the same season, and together with the Dearborn's Seedling, another native sort, will supplant in all our gardens the Jargonelle, and all inferior early pears.

Fruit of medium size, turbinate, inclining to obovate, thickening very abruptly into the stalk. The Bloodgood is the highest flavored of all Skin yellow, sprinkled with russet dots, and netearly pears, and deserves a place even in the work markings, giving it a russetty look on one smallest garden. It was named from the circum- | side. Calyx strong, open, set almost without destance of its having been brought into notice pression. Stalk obliquely inserted, without deabout 1835, by the late James Bloodgood, nurse- pression, short, dark brown, fleshy at its base. ryman, Flushing, L. I. The sort was brought to Flesh yellowish-white, buttery and melting, with that nursery as a new variety, without a name a rich, sugary, highly aromatic flavor. The thin however, by some person on Long Island, un- skin has a musky perfume. Core small. Ripe known to Mr. B., who was never able afterward from the 25th of July to the 10th of August. to trace its history further. The tree is rather

For the New England Farmer. VINERIES---BARK LICE---GRAFTING

THE GRAPE.

berry bushes, as soon as the snow disappears in spring, besides forking in old manure, will do wonders. It creates a spontaneous growth of "giant" asparagus and "cherry" currants, and wards off the mildew.

The spunk that lines the inside of the agaric commonly called puffball, which grows in old meadows, will stop the most obstinate bleeding. A very powerful styptic.

MR. EDITOR:-I am blessed with a vinery, and an abundant crop of luscious fruit of several varieties; and I pride myself on my success generally, as it is all from my own honest personal labor and handicraft. But there is one drawback to my complete victory, just as the day is almost I am proving some other important items of won, and the bunches ripening. I know that not knowledge, Mr. Editor, but as I do not wish to a drop of water should touch the fruit after the deceive other as I have myself been deceived 1st of August, when it has attained its full pro- sometimes by newspaper and even book (!) reciportions and has begun to color. But in these pes, I forbear, for the present, any further teachnorthern latitudes, rain will come with our equi- ing. I have, for instance, ascertained that the noctial of September, and it will pour down pret-ringing and wiring of the grape to hasten matuty frequently and freely in the course of October rity, so much written about sometime ago, is a and November, and then drip, drip, drip it will, humbug and a delusion. through ventilators and every chink in glass roofs. Montreal, Oct. 9. AN OLD SUBSCRIBER. And the fruit cracks, and rots, and mildews, in spite of sulphur, quicklime, and every appliance I can think of; particularly the most delicate and nectarian Muscats. I know of a remedy, radical At the recent annual exhibition of the Montrebut troublesome and costly. It is to suppress all al Horticultural Society JOHN W. BAILEY, ESQ., present ventilators in the roof, and to open new of Plattsburg, N.Y., presented a new grape, which ones in the back wall, close to apex. And I beg the Montreal Herald says Mr. Bailey discovered all fortunate ones who have their vineries yet in embryo in their creative minds, to profit by my at the foot of the Adirondac Mountains;-that experience; and although taught by all the most it is a native grape which ripens fifteen days beapproved Treatises on the Culture of the Grape, fore any other, and is decidedly of better quality, &c., to avoid this one error at least, of the learned possessing a most delicious flavor.

Treatises in question. I now beg of your able correspondents a palliative for this evil, if any there be, before resorting to a removal of my vinery.

In this French country, I cannot find the French name of the Black Hamburg. Can your Boston importing nurserymen tell? The great Downing, the able and reliable Chorlton, (my vade mecum,) do not say.

In return for the favors asked, will you allow me to impart to your readers, Mr. Editor, a few bits of proved experience: Soft soap and sulphur well mixed, and rubbed on apple trees in the spring, will destroy the bark lice; when they have resisted the soap mixed with ashes or with

lime.

Cleft-grafting of the grape, just above the root, when the sap has thickened by the growth of two or three leaves to each bud, is a pretty operation, and almost invariably successful under glass. I have not succeeded out doors. Draw the soil around and above the graft, leaving but one bud to the light; and, as of course, in a well-regulated, well-watered therefore, vinery, the soil around the graft will remain moist until the shoot has grown up to the top of the wall, and the graft will even throw out new roots of its own before the summer is half gone. And the next season will reward you by an improved product.

In a strong tub or vat, dissolve sulphate of copper or of zinc, in the proportion of one pound to each couple of buckets of water, and soak therein shingles for a week, garden sticks and poles for a fortnight, fence-posts for three or four weeks, and you will thereby make them waterproof, metallic, and four times as durable and lasting as they would be without that cheap and simple preparation.

Half an inch thick of salt, sprinkled on your asparagus bed, and on your currant and goose

THE ADIRONDAC GRAPE.

The editor of the Burlington Sentinel has recently received some of the grapes, and after eating them, says he is "induced to think highly of them,"-and that "they are a dark colored fruit, not quite black, with compact and fair looking bunches; the berries larger than those of the Del

aware."

In a note accompanying the grapes, Mr. Bailey says:

the Adirondac.'. . . This sample grew on & "I send you herewith a sample of my new grape, layer and on the ground, and is deficient of its natural high flavor, but it will give you some idea of its character. The bunches are fully as large as the Isabella, it ripens from the 5th to the 20th of September, or two weeks before any other good grape. The Delaware and Concord were just beginning to change color. The Isabella was must be the grape for the Northern States and perfectly green and about two-thirds grown. This Canada. It has fruited for five or six years, and always ripens as early as stated, or two weeks before any other good grape."

PLYMOUTH COUNTY SOCIETY.-The following are the names of the persons elected October 3, as officers of this Society for 1861-2: CHAS. G. DAVIS, Plymouth, President; ALBERT FEARING, ALDEN S. BRADFORD, Vice Presidents; V. R. SWIFT, CHARLES GURNEY, HENRY A. NOYES, HORACE AMES, EPHRAIM B. THOMPSON, P. M. C. JONES, THOMAS Ames, Charles BURTON, N. TRIBOU, JOSEPH COBB, AUGUSTINE PRATT, Directors, or Trustees; WM. LATHAM, Secretary; JOSHUA E. CRANE, Treasurer.

A little tract before us, contrasting the two systems of cash and credit, among other strong arguments uses the following:

...

A NEW VOLUME AND NEW PLANS. for the shortcomings or dishonesty of those who In view of the fact that we have determined may be better off than himself, and it often repupon a radical change in the manner of conduct-resents to the merchant the difference between ing the business department of the NEW ENG- poverty or a competence-between success or LAND FARMER, and one which we desire thor- bankruptcy. oughly to explain to our subscribers, the present time, although considerably earlier in the season than we have usually issued our prospectus for the ensuing year, is thought to be a favorable one "The credit system is a seductive and delusive for stating its peculiar features, and requesting one, flattering men into dangerous and uncertain the approbation and assistance of our readers. paths, and ruining, for time and eternity, the prosThe troubles through which our beloved coun-pects of thousands and tens of thousands.. try is passing, while fraught with the most mo- ent on each other, and the fraud of one party, or By means of it, men become everywhere dependmentous consequences to the liberty and prosper- the untoward speculations of another, may disarity of the nation, have already had a marked and range the whole, causing the wheels of commerce decisive effect upon business relations. For many to come to a dead lock, and introducing, as its years, merchants, and business men generally, concomitants, misery and sorrow everywhere. have conducted their business upon the credit When you need a thing, you buy it-when you The cash system keeps you within your means. system, and the result has naturally been panics, buy it, you pay for it. . . . It causes every man embarrassments, suspensions and failures. With to depend upon his own resources. In matters the best intentions, the honest man may some- of business, he is an independent man-and in times fail to meet his liabilities, while the matters of property, he is the real owner of what rogue he holds." is only too eager to avail himself of the credit system to swindle his living out of his creditor. The fall of 1860 found us recovering from the great crash of 1857, and everything, apparently, Considerations like the above, and the obserin train for the prosecution of a most prosperous vation of the struggles of other newspaper pubbusiness, in every branch of industry and art. lishers to make a living upon the plan of sendThe events of the next few months, followed by ing their papers to every one who wished to subthe repudiation of the millions of dollars owed scribe, and then waiting years for their pay, or by Southern debtors, plunged the whole commer-losing it entirely-together with a careful examicial system of the North into distress, though, nation of our own business, and a comparison of fortunately, the utter ruin anticipated by many our actual receipts with our just dues, have led has been averted. But the immense sum thus us to adopt what is known among publishers as irretrievably carried to account of "profit and loss" has, more effectually than years of preaching, and volumes of admonitions, opened the eyes of business men to the dangers of the credit system. The advantage of a cash basis is now fully appreciated, and while we see, with pleasure, that trade is slowly but healthfully increasing, we also note a not less important fact,—that credits have been, in many cases, entirely done away, and in all materially abridged.

Could a more forcible argument in favor of the "Pay as you go" system be urged ?

the

"CASH IN ADVANCE SYSTEM.”

We prefer, if necessary, to do a small but safe business, rather than to have a mammoth list of subscribers, with the corresponding outlays for agents, collections, paper, and the thousand expenses of such an establishment, and, at the same time, find our receipts constantly falling below a fair percentage. We feel sure that none of our readers would object to our receiving a fair return for our labors, while the certainty that we are not working for the mere purpose of increasing the amount of debts already due us, can but add vigor to our endeavors to benefit our readers.

One of the greatest, and perhaps the most important objection to the credit system, is, that by it the honest man is forced to pay a higher price for what he buys, in order to make up what the dealer loses on bad debts. This is evident to the By the terms which we have decided upon, our most careless observer, for, were the grocer, for readers will see that we do not desire to be the instance, to sell for cash only, he could, suppos- sole beneficiaries by this change, but that, while ing his losses by bad debts to be five per cent. of making a liberal allowance for payment and conhis sales-and that is not an extravagant esti- tinuance to those who are indebted for the FARmate, for the average of business done on credit, MER, we wish to retain and extend the benefit of -sell his goods at a corresponding reduction the reduced prices to those who have thus far from the prices he is compelled to ask, and still been the main-spring of our success-our advancemake as much profit as by the other system. paying subscribers. We do not mean that they This percentage is no small matter to the poor shall, hereafter, have the feeling that, in paying man, who can ill afford to be taxed to make up their subscription, they must look upon one